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Sexual Dimorphism and Female Reproductive Characteristics in the Hainan Water Skink(Tropidophorus hainanus)from Hainan,South China

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Asian Herpetological Research 2024年第1期15卷 49-58页

作者： Yu DU Xiaming ZHU Chixian LIN Yuntao YAO xiang ji Hainan Key Laboratory for Herpetological Research College of Fisheries and Life SciencesHainan Tropical Ocean UniversitySanya 572022HainanChina Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection College of Life and Environmental SciencesWenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325035ZhejiangChina Institute for Eco-environmental Research of Sanyang Wetland Wenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325014ZhejiangChina

We studied sexual dimorphism in body size and shape and female reproductive characteristics in the Hainan Water Skink(Tropidophorus hainanus)from Hainan,South *** our sample the largest female and male were 61.1 and 55.2 mm snout-vent length(SVL),*** mean SVL was larger in adult females(52.0 mm)than in adult males(48.3 mm).Juveniles were sexually dimorphic in head length but not in other examined morphological *** males were longer in head length and shorter in abdomen length and fore-limb length than adult females of the same *** shifts in sexual dimorphism in body shape were evident,as revealed by the fact that morphological differences between the sexes were more pronounced in adults than in *** produced a single litter of 3–6 offspring per season from early August to early *** size,litter mass and offspring(neonate)mass were positively related to female *** mass was independent of relative *** the above findings we draw three main ***,females are the larger sex in ***,and sexual dimorphism in body shape is more pronounced in adults than in ***,larger female *** produce more and larger offspring and thus heavier litters than smaller ***,the offspring size-number trade-off does is not evident in ***.

关键词： fecundity morphology offspring size-number trade-off reproduction scincidae sexual dimorphism

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In situ modification of heavy oil catalyzed by nanosized metal-organic framework at mild temperature and its mechanism

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第3期67卷 166-173页

作者： Li Wang ji-xiang Guo Rui-Ying Xiong Chen-Hao Gao Xiao-Jun Zhang Dan Luo The Unconventional Oil and Gas Institute China University of Petroleum-BeijingBeijing 102200China Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China

Two catalysts, nano-sized cobalt-metal-organic framework(Co-MOF) and nickel(Ni)-MOF, were successfully prepared by the modification method. Tetralin(C10H12) was used as the hydrogen donor for the catalytic cracking and hydrogenation modification study of the dehydrated crude oil from the Shengli Oilfield. The optimal reaction conditions were determined through orthogonal experiments, and the components of the crude oil and modified oil samples were analyzed. The results revealed that the nanoMOF catalysts were successfully prepared and exhibited high catalytic activity. They could catalyze the cracking of large molecules in heavy oil at mild temperatures(<300°C), leading to the decomposition of the hydrogen donor. When the mass fraction of the catalyst was 0.2%, the mass fraction of the hydrogen donor was 1%, and the reaction temperature was 280°C, the Ni-MOF showed the best catalytic viscosity reduction effect. It could reduce the viscosity of heavy oil at 50°C from 15761.9 m Pa.s to 1266.2 m Pa.s,with a viscosity reduction rate of 91.97%. The modification effect of Co-MOF was the next best, which could reduce the viscosity of heavy oil to 2500.1 m Pa.s with a viscosity reduction rate of 84.14%. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed a strong interaction force between the MOF surface and asphaltene molecules. In the process of heavy-oil catalytic hydrogenation, the nano-MOF catalyst exhibited high catalytic activity. On the one hand, the empty d orbitals outside the metal atoms in the catalyst could polarize the carbon atoms in the organic matter, accelerating the breaking of long chains. On the other hand, the metal atoms in the catalyst could bond with the carbon σ bonds, breaking the carbon-carbon bonds. This disrupted the structure of the recombined components in the crude oil, irreversibly reducing the viscosity of the heavy oil and improving its fluidity.

关键词： Nano-sized MOF Petroleum Viscosity reduction Catalyst Nanomaterials

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The Neural Mechanism of Knowledge Assembly in the Human Brain Inspires Artificial Intelligence Algorithm

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第2期40卷 280-282页

作者： xiang ji Wentao jiang Xiaoru Zhang Ming Song Shan Yu Tianzi jiang University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Brainnetome Center Institute of AutomationThe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Laboratory of Brain Atlas and Brain-inspired Intelligence Institute of AutomationThe Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology The Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Research Center for Augmented Intelligence Zhejiang LabHangzhou 311100China

When new information enters the brain,a human's prior knowledge of the world can change rapidly through a process referred to as"knowledge assembly".Recently,Nelli et *** the neural correlates of knowledge assembly in the human brain using functional ***,inspired by the neural mechanism,the authors developed an artificial neural network algorithm to permit rapid knowledge assembly,improving the flexibility of the system[1].Once again,this research demonstrates that studying how the brain works can lead to better computational algorithms.

关键词： neural knowledge artificial

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Development review and the prospect of oil shale in-situ catalysis conversion technology

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 1385-1395页

作者： Li Wang Chen-Hao Gao Rui-Ying Xiong Xiao-Jun Zhang ji-xiang Guo The Unconventional Oil and Gas Institute China University of Petroleum-BeijingBeijing102200China

As an unconventional resource, oil shale possesses abundant reserves and significant potential for industrial applications. The rational and efficient development of oil shale resources holds immense importance in reducing national energy demand. In-situ catalytic technology, characterized by its high efficiency, low pollution, and minimal energy consumption, represents a key direction for future oil shale development. This paper provides a comprehensive review of research progress in in-situ oil shale mining technology, oil shale pyrolysis catalysts, the pyrolysis mechanism of kerogen, and the compatibility of different heating processes and catalysts. Furthermore, the paper proposes future research directions and prospects for oil shale in-situ catalytic technology, including reservoir modification, highefficiency catalyst synthesis, injection processes, and high-efficiency heating technology. These insights serve as valuable technical references for the advancement of oil shale in-situ catalytic technology.

关键词： Oil shale In-situ catalytic technology Pyrolysis catalyst Kerogen pyrolysis mechanism

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Nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide/schwertmannite nanocomposites as heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalysts with enhanced efficiency for the degradation of bisphenol A

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 1-11页

作者： Xing-Xing Qiao Yu-Hang Xu xiang-ji Liu Sai-Le Chen Zhou Zhong Ya-Feng Li jian Lü Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation College of Resources and EnvironmentFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350116China

Potential health risks related to environmental endocrine disruptors(EEDs)have aroused research hotspots at the forefront of water treatment ***,nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide/schwertmannite nanocomposites(N-TiO_(2)/SCH)have been successfully developed as heterogeneous catalysts for the degradation of typical EEDs via photo-Fenton *** to the sustainable Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ)conversion induced by photoelectrons,as-prepared N-TiO_(2)/SCH nanocomposites exhibit much enhanced efficiency for the degradation of bisphenol A(BPA;ca.100% within 60 min under visible irradiation)in a wide pH range of 3.0-7.8,which is significantly higher than that of the pristine schwertmannite(ca.74.5%)or N-TiO_(2)(ca.10.8%).In this photo-Fenton system,the efficient degradation of BPA is mainly attributed to the oxidation by hydroxyl radical(·OH)and singlet oxygen(^(1)O_(2)).Moreover,the possible catalytic mechanisms and reaction pathway of BPA degradation are systematically investigated based on analytical and photoelectrochemical *** work not only provides a feasible means for the development of novel heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalysts,but also lays a theoretical foundation for the potential application of mineral-based materials in wastewater treatment.

关键词： Titanium dioxide Schwertmannite Fenton reaction Environmental endocrine disruptors Photocatalysis

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CRISPR/CasΦ2-mediated gene editing in wheat and rye

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第4期66卷 638-641页

作者： Sanzeng Zhao Xueying Han Yachen Zhu Yuwei Han Huiyun Liu Zhen Chen Huifang Li Dan Wang Chaofan Tian Yuting Yuan Yajie Guo Xiaomin Si Daowen Wang xiang ji State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science and Center for Crop Genome EngineeringCollege of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450046China Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops College of AgronomyHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450046China State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement College of AgronomyHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China The Shennong Laboratory Zhengzhou 450002China

The recent advancements in developing the CRISPR/Cas9 system and various derivative tools(e.g.,base editors)have accelerated basic plant science research and crop improvement by creating multiple types of genetic vari... 详细信息

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 CRISPR/Cas

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关于劳动力商品理论的再讨论--兼与吕景春、李梁栋“劳动者商品”论商榷

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中国经济问题 2024年第2期 24-32页

作者：雷茜之纪翔山东大学马克思主义学院北京大学习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究院

劳动力商品理论是马克思主义政治经济学的基石,解开了资本主义生产方式的历史之谜。近年来学者吕景春、李梁栋撰文则认为劳动力商品理论有内在矛盾,并试图提出“劳动者商品”论加以替代,本文对此进行了辨析和论证,认为劳动力商品理论是... 详细信息

劳动力商品理论是马克思主义政治经济学的基石,解开了资本主义生产方式的历史之谜。近年来学者吕景春、李梁栋撰文则认为劳动力商品理论有内在矛盾,并试图提出“劳动者商品”论加以替代,本文对此进行了辨析和论证,认为劳动力商品理论是逻辑完善、符合社会历史发展情况的,在对资本主义社会历史发展规律的分析中具有无可辩驳的科学性,在时代发展中针对特殊问题的涌现可以灵活运用。本文针对教育问题提出了劳动力价值增殖的计算方法,凸显了劳动力商品理论的生命力。

关键词：劳动力商品生活资料消费活动教育培训

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Intermediate-mass black holes in Green pea galaxies (IMBH-GP) I:A candidate sample from LAMOST and SDSS

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年

作者： Ruqiu Lin Zhen-Ya Zheng Fang-Ting Yuan Jun-Xian Wang Chunyan jiang Ning jiang Lingzhi Wang Linhua jiang xiang ji Shuairu Zhu Xiaodan Fu Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Department of Astronomy University of Science and Technology of China Chinese Academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy (CASSACA) National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking University Department of Astronomy School of Physics Peking University

The scaling relation of central massive black holes (MBHs) and their host galaxies is well-studied for supermassive BHs (SMBHs,MBH≥10～6M⊙).However,this relation has large uncertainties in the mass range of the intermediate-mass BHs (IMBHs,MBH～10～3-10～6M⊙).Since Green pea （GP） galaxies are luminous compact dwarf galaxies,which may be likely to host less massive SMBHs or even IMBHs,we systematically search for MBHs in a large sample of 2190 GP galaxies at z<0.4,selected from LAMOST and SDSS spectroscopic ***,we report a newly discovered sample of 59 MBHcandidates with broad Hα *** sample has a median stellar mass of 108.83±0.11M⊙and hosts MBHs with single-epoch virial masses ranging from MBH～104.7to 108.5M⊙(median 105.85±0.64M⊙).Among the 59 MBHcandidates,36 have black hole masses MBH≤10～6M⊙(IMBHcandidates),one of which even has MBH10～5M⊙.We find that the MBH-M*relation of our MBHsample is consistent with the MBH-Mbulgerelation for SMBHs,while is above the MBH-M*relation for MBHs in dwarf galaxies in the same mass ***,we show that 25 MBHcandidates,including 4 IMBHcandidates,have additional evidence of black hole activities,assessed through various methods such as the broad-line width,BPT diagram,mid-infrared color,X-ray luminosity,and radio *** studies show that it is very promising to find IMBHs in GP galaxies,and the BH sample so obtained enables us to probe the connection between the MBHs and compact dwarf galaxies in the low-redshift Universe.

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加载速率影响下含雁行裂纹-钻孔煤体变形破坏特征研究

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岩石力学与工程学报 2024年第3期43卷 573-586页

作者：潘红宇冯高远纪翔李佳航季冰张天军西安科技大学安全科学与工程学院陕西西安710054

为研究加载速率影响下瓦斯抽采钻孔孔周煤体变形破坏特征,开展不同加载速率下含雁行裂纹-钻孔复合缺陷煤样单轴压缩试验,结合数字图像相关技术,分析不同加载速率下复合缺陷煤样的力学特性、破坏模式与表面变形场演化规律。通过计算机视... 详细信息

为研究加载速率影响下瓦斯抽采钻孔孔周煤体变形破坏特征,开展不同加载速率下含雁行裂纹-钻孔复合缺陷煤样单轴压缩试验,结合数字图像相关技术,分析不同加载速率下复合缺陷煤样的力学特性、破坏模式与表面变形场演化规律。通过计算机视觉技术,进一步研究加载速率影响下钻孔破坏和雁行裂纹扩展特征,揭示含复合缺陷煤样变形破坏的加载速率效应。结果表明:(1)雁行裂隙-钻孔复合缺陷试样在不同加载速率作用时表现出低加载速率下高强度、高加载速率下低强度的特性,0.2 mm/min为试样的临界加载速率,在临界加载速率处试样的峰值应力、峰值应变、弹性模量的变化趋势发生改变。(2)不同加载速率下试样均呈现渐进性破坏特征,破坏形式以张拉剪切混合破坏为主,随着加载速率增加拉伸作用逐渐占到主导地位。在雁行裂隙诱导下,低加载速率时表现为沿着新生裂隙与雁行裂隙形成贯通面发生剪切错动破坏,高加载速率时表现为沿着新生裂隙水平张开发生拉伸破坏。(3)引入钻孔张缩量C来定量表征钻孔变形程度。在低加载速率下钻孔张开,C>1,随加载速率增加C逐渐降低,在高加载速率下钻孔先张开然后迅速塌缩,最终C<1。(4)雁行裂隙在加载作用下发生逆时针方向错动与张开,变形主要集中在不稳定裂隙扩展阶段。随着加载速率的增加,雁行裂隙错动量与张开量均显著增加,且试样受张拉效应增强,张开变形比例逐渐高于错动变形比例。

关键词：岩石力学加载速率抽采钻孔雁行裂纹钻孔变形裂隙扩展

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水下聚能金属射流载荷特性及毁伤效应研究

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舰船科学技术 2024年第1期46卷 15-20页

作者：姬祥明付仁张梁哈尔滨工程大学船舶工程学院黑龙江哈尔滨150001

为研究水下接触爆炸产生的金属射流载荷及其对双层水间隔板的损伤特性。使用耦合欧拉-拉格朗日方法,通过改变圆锥型金属罩的锥角,研究锥角对聚能射流速度的影响。改变金属罩的形状,得到不同类型的聚能侵彻体,在水下模拟其对双层靶板的... 详细信息

为研究水下接触爆炸产生的金属射流载荷及其对双层水间隔板的损伤特性。使用耦合欧拉-拉格朗日方法,通过改变圆锥型金属罩的锥角,研究锥角对聚能射流速度的影响。改变金属罩的形状,得到不同类型的聚能侵彻体,在水下模拟其对双层靶板的毁伤作用。不同的锥角影响聚能射流的作用强度,锥角为90°的金属盖能形成最佳射流形状和最大射流速度,穿透效果最好;而不同的聚能侵彻体对靶板造成的损伤各不相同,聚能射流有更强的穿透力,而爆炸成型弹丸造成更大的毁伤面积。通过改变金属罩的形状,可获得不同类型的穿透体,能够适应复杂多变的海洋和损伤要求。该研究可为水下武器的研制和潜艇的防爆、抗冲击和防护提供参考。

关键词：水下爆炸金属射流耦合欧拉-拉格朗日方法载荷毁伤效应

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