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Numerical Investigation on Inclined Hydraulic Transport of Large Particles for Deepsea Mining

China Ocean Engineering 2023年第3期37卷 420-432页

作者： LIU Lei LI Xin TIAN Xin-liang zhang xian-tao XU Li-xin zhang Xiu-zhan State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Naval Architecture Ocean and Civil EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Sanya Yazhou Bay Institution of Deep-sea Sci-Tech Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversitySanya 572000China China Merchants Marine And Offshore Research Institute Co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518067China China Merchants Deepsea Research Institute(Sanya)Co. Ltd.Sanya 572000China

Hydraulic transport in pipelines is the most promising conveying method for large ore particles in deepsea mining.The dynamic performances of particles during transportation in vertical,inclined and horizontal pipelines are significant for the design of hydraulic transport systems.In the present study,we focus on the statistical characteristics and flow regimes of the mixture composed of ore particles and seawater in the pipelines.Numerical simulations are conducted by using Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)and Discrete Element Method(DEM).The influences of inclination angle and particle diameter are evaluated through two sets of numerical tests.The regulation of the inclined transport is totally different from that of the vertical transport,whereas the dynamics of the mixtures in inclined and horizontal pipes are similar.A number of particles accumulate on the pipe wall even with a small inclination angle.Large hydraulic gradient and local concentration would occur when the inclination angle of the pipe is in the range of30°-60°.With the decrease of particle diameter,the particle flow becomes uniform,reflected by the almost uniform particle distribution in the vertical pipe and the clear interface between the suspended load and the bed-load in the inclined pipe.However,small particles will introduce larger local concentrations and hydraulic gradients in the inclined pipe,which is not conducive to particle transport.

关键词： deepsea mining hydraulic transport inclined pipe numerical simulation

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Biatrial Macroreentry Atrial Tachycardia after Atria Fibrillation Ablation

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Chinese Medical Journal 2016年第18期129卷 2250-2252页

作者： Shen Huang Yu-Mei Xue Wen-Chang zhang Chun-Hua Ding Qi-Yan Li Xian-Zhang ZHAN Arrhythmia Center Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine) Guangzhou Guangdong 510006 China Department of Cardiology Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute Guangdong General Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangzhou Guangdong 510080 China

Catheter ablation is an important therapy for atrial fibrillation （AF） in the last decade. In parallel, atrial tachycardia （AT） has become the most common type of arrhythmia after AF ablation, especially after extensive left atrial （LA） substrate modification,t^j The occurrence of AT after AF is due to the conduction gaps of ablation lines and the conduction obstacle caused by the ablation lesions？-~1 Most of these ATs locate in LA, and here, we described a biatrial macroreentry AT （MAT） after AF ablation.

关键词： Activation Mapping Atrial Tachycardia Catheter Ablation

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Left atrial enlargement and non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation as risk factors for left atrial thrombus/spontaneous Echo contrast in patients with atrial fibrillation and low CHA2DS2-VASc score

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2020年第3期17卷 155-159页

作者： Wei-Dong LIN Yu-Mei XUE Fang-Zhou LIU xian-Hong FANG Xian-Zhang ZHAN Hong-Tao LIAO Gary Tse Shu-Lin WU Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute Guangdong General HospitalGuangzhouChina Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Faculty of MedicineChinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences Faculty of MedicineChinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Objective To determine the risk factors for thromboembolism in lower risk patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation(AF)and low CHA2DS2-VASc scores,which remain undefined.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the baseline clinical characteristics,routine laboratory parameters,and echocardiographic measurements of 705 patients(71.1%male;mean age:52.10±9.64 years)with low CHA2DS2-VASc score(0 or 1;1 point for female sex)out of 1346 consecutive patients with non-valvular AF who underwent transesophageal echocardiography(TEE)at Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute between January 2013 and December 2015.Results Patients with left atrial thrombus(LAT)or spontaneous echo contrast(SEC)on TEE(24/705,4%)showed a higher incidence rate of vascular disease(54.2%vs.32.9%,P=0.045)and non-paroxysmal AF(79.2%vs.29.4%,P<0.001),larger left atrial diameter(43.08±4.59 vs.36.02±5.53 mm,P<0.001),and lower left ventricular ejection fraction(58.23±8.82%vs.64.15±7.14%,P<0.001)than those without.Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified left atrial diameter[odds ratio(OR)=1.171,95%confidence interval(CI):1.084–1.265,P<0.001]and non-paroxysmal AF(OR=3.766,95%CI:1.282–11.061,P=0.016)as independent risk factors for LAT/SEC.In ROC curve analysis,a left atrial dimeter cutoff of 37.5 mm yielded 95.0%sensitivity and 62.7%specificity(AUC:0.847,P<0.0001,95%CI:0.793–0.914).Conclusion In patients with non-valvular AF with low CHA2DS2-VASc score,the presence of LAT or SEC was associated with left atrial enlargement,which had moderate predictive value,and non-paroxysmal AF.

关键词： Atrial fibrillation Left atrial diameter Left atrial spontaneous echo contrast Left atrial thrombus

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Lipoxin A4 Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-lnduced A549 Cell Injury through Upregulation of N-myc Downstream-Regulated Gene-1

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Chinese Medical Journal 2018年第11期131卷 1342-1348页

作者： Jun-Zhi zhang zhan-Li Liu Yao-xian zhang Hai-Jiu Lin Zhong-Jun zhang Department of Anesthesiology 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University Shenzhen Guangdong 518020 China Department of Anesthesiology Shenzhen People's Hospital Shenzhen Guangdong 518020 China Research and Development Department Shenzhen Acen Regenerative Medicine Shenzhen Guangdong 518122 China

Background： Lipoxin A4 （LXA4） can alleviate lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-induced acute lung injury （ALl） and acute respiratory distress syndrome through promoting epithelial sodium channel （ENaC） expression in lung epithelial cells. However, how LXA4 promote ENaC expression is still largely elusive. The present study aimed to explore genes and signaling pathway involved in regulating ENaC expression induced by LXA4. Methods： A549 cells were incubated with LPS and LXA4, or in combination, and analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction （qRT-PCR） of ENaC-α/γ. Candidate genes affected by LXA4 were explored by transcriptome sequencing ofA549 cells. The critical candidate gene was validated by qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis ofA549 cells treated with LPS and LXA4 at different concentrations and time intervals. LXA4 receptor （ALX） inhibitor BOC-2 was used to test induction of candidate gene by LXA4. Candidate gene siRNA was adopted to analyze its influence on A549 viability and ENaC-α expression. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase （PI3K） inhibitor LY294002 was utilized to probe whether the PI3K signaling pathway was involved in LXA4 induction of candidate gene expression. Results： The A549 cell models of ALl were constrticted and subjected to transcriptome sequencing. Among candidate genes, N-myc downstream- regulated gent- 1 （NDRG 1 ） was validated by real-time-PCR and Western blot. NDRG 1 mRNA was elevated in a dose-dependent manner of LXA4, whereas BOC-2 antagonized NDRG 1 expression induced by LXA4. NDRG I siRNA suppressed viability of LPS-treated A549 cells （treatment vs. control, 0.605± 0.063 vs. 0.878 ± 0.083, P = 0.040） and ENaC-α expression （treatment vs. control, 0.458 ± 0.038 vs. 0.711 ± 0.035, P = 0.008）. LY294002 inhibited NDRG 1 （treatment vs. control, 0.459 ± 0.023 vs. 0.726 ± 0.020, P 0.001 ） and ENaC-α （treatment vs. control, 0.236 ± 0.021 vs. 0.814 ±0.025, P 〈 0.001 ） expressions and serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase I phosphorylation （treatment vs. control, 0.442± 0.024 vs. 1.046 ± 0.0

关键词： Acute Lung Injury Epithelial Sodium Channel Lipopolysaccharide Lipoxin A4 N-myc Downstream-Regulated Gene-1

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Performance and transcriptomic response of the English grain aphid, Sitobion avenae, feeding on resistant and susceptible wheat cultivars

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第1期20卷 178-190页

作者： LAN Hao zhang zhan-feng WU Jun CAO He-he LIU Tong-xian Key Laboratory of Northwest Loess Plateau Crop Pest Management of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Northwest A&F UniversityYang ling 712100P.R.China

Plant resistance against insects mainly depends on nutrient restriction and toxic metabolites, but the relative importance of nutrition and toxins remains elusive. We examined performance, nutrition ingestion, and transcriptome response of the English grain aphid, Sitobion avenae, feeding on resistant Xiaoyan 22(XY22) and susceptible Xinong 979(XN979) wheat cultivars. Aphids had lower body weight and fecundity when feeding on XY22 than on XN979, although the phloem sap of XY22 had a higher nutritive quality(in terms of amino acid:sucrose ratio). Aphids feeding on XY22 also had a lower honeydew excretion rate than those on XN979, suggesting that aphids ingested less phloem sap from XY22. The transcriptome data showed 600 differentially expressed genes(DEGs), and 11 of the top 20 KEGG pathways significantly enriched in DEGs were involved in nutrient metabolism. We found 81 DEGs associated with the metabolism of sugars, lipids, and amino acids, 59 of which were significantly downregulated in aphids feeding on XY22. In contrast, there were 18 DEGs related to detoxifying metabolism, namely eight UDP-glucuronosyltransferases, six cytochromes P450 monooxygenases, one glutathione S-transferase, two ATP-binding cassette transporters, and one major facilitator superfamily transporter;12 of these were upregulated in the aphids feeding on XY22. Our results indicated that both the quantity and quality of phloem nutrition available to aphids are critical for the growth and development of aphids, and the higher resistance of XY22 is mainly due to the reduction in phloem sap ingested by aphids, rather than toxic metabolites.

关键词： plant–aphid interaction transcriptome response nutrition restriction

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Two putative fatty acid synthetic genes of BgFas3 and BgElo1 are responsible for respiratory waterproofing in Blattella germanica

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Insect Science 2022年第1期29卷 33-50页

作者： Xiao-Jin Pei Tian-Tian Bai zhan-Feng zhang Nan Chen Sheng Li Yong-Liang Fan Tong-xian Liu State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau Ministry of AgricultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi712100China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology and Institute of Insect Science and Technology School of Life SciencesSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou510631China

Water retention is critical for physiological homeostasis and survival in terrestrial insects. While deposition of hydrocarbons on insect cuticles as a key measure for water conservation has been extensively investigated, we know little about other mechanisms for preventing water loss in insects. Here, we report two fatty acid synthetic genes that are independent of hydrocarbon production but crucial for water retention in the German cockroach Blattella germanica (L.). First, an integument enriched fatty acid elongase gene (BgElo1) was identified as a critical gene for desiccation resistance in B. germanica;however, knockdown of BgElo1 surprisingly failed to cause a decline in cuticular lipids. In addition, RNA interference (RNAi)-knockdown of an upstream fatty acid synthase gene (BgFas3) showed a similar phenotype, and transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed that BgFas3- or BgElo1-RNAi did not affect cuticle architecture. Bodyweight loss test showed that repression of BgFas3 and BgElo1 significantly increased the weight loss rate, but the difference disappeared when the respiration was closed by freeze killing the cockroaches. A water immersion test was performed, and we found that BgFas3- and BgElo1-RNAi made it difficult for cockroaches to recover from drowning, which was supported by the upregulation of hypoxia-related genes after a 10-h recovery from drowning. Moreover, a dyeing assay with water-soluble Eosin Y showed that this was caused by the entry of water into the respiratory system. Our research suggests that BgFas3 and BgElo1 are required for both inward and outward waterproofing of the respiratory system. This study benefits the understanding of water retention mechanisms in insects.

关键词： elongase fatty acid synthase German cockroach respiratory water loss very long chain fatty acid water retention

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Belching,regurgitation,chest tightness and dyspnea:Not gastroesophageal reflux disease but asthma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第5期21卷 1680-1683页

作者： Jing-Xi zhang xian-Bao zhan Chong Bai Qiang Li Department of Respiratory diseases Changhai Hospitalthe Second Military Medical University Department of Gastroenterology Changhai Hospitalthe Second Military Medical University

Belching is a common symptom of gastroesophageal reflux disease.If the symptoms are not relieved after anti-reflux treatment,another etiology should be considered.Here,we report a case of a 43-yearold man who presented with belching,regurgitation,chest tightness and dyspnea for 18 mo,which became gradually more severe.Gastroscopic examination suggested superficial gastritis.Twenty-four-houresophageal pH monitoring showed that the Demeester score was 11.4,in the normal range.High-resolution manometry showed that integrated relaxation pressure and intrabolus pressure were higher than normal(20 mm Hg and 22.4 mm Hg,respectively),indicating gastroesophageal junction outflow tract obstruction.Pulmonary function test showed severe obstructive ventilation dysfunction [forced expiratory volume in 1 second(FEV1)/forced vital capacity 32%,FEV1 was 1.21 L,occupying 35% predicted value after salbuterol inhalation],and positive bronchial dilation test(△FEV1 260 m L,△FEV1% 27%).Skin prick test showed Dermatophagoides farinae(++),house dust mite(++++),and shrimp protein(++).Fractional exhaled nitric oxide measurement was 76 ppb.All the symptoms were alleviated completely and pulmonary function increased after combination therapy with corticosteroids and long-acting β2-agonist.Bronchial asthma was eventually diagnosed by laboratory tests and the effect of anti-asthmatic treatment,therefore,physicians,especially the Gastrointestinal physicians,should pay attention to the belching symptoms of asthma.

关键词： Asthma Gastroesophageal reflux disease

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Combined fascia iliaca compartment block and monitored anesthesia care for geriatric patients with hip fracture: Two case reports

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第27期9卷 8268-8273页

作者： Li zhan Yu-Jie zhang Jing-xian Wang Department of Anesthesiology Lu’an Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityAnhui Medical UniversityLu’an 237005Anhui ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Major hip surgery usually requires neuraxial or general anesthesia with tracheal intubation and may be supplemented with a nerve block to provide intraoperative and postoperative pain relief.CASE SUMMARY This report established that hip surgical procedures can be performed with a fascia iliaca compartment block(FICB)and monitored anesthesia care(MAC)while avoiding neuraxial or general anesthesia.This was a preliminary experience with two geriatric patients with hip fracture,American Society of Anesthesiologists status III,and with many comorbidities.Neither patient could be operated on within 48 h after admission.Both general anesthesia and neuraxial anesthesia were high-risk procedures and had contraindications.Hence,we chose nerve block combined with a small amount of sedation.Intraoperative analgesia was provided by single-injection ultrasound-guided FICB.Light intravenous sedation was added.Surgical exposure was satisfactory,and neither patient complained of any symptoms during the procedure.CONCLUSION This report showed that hip surgery for geriatric patients can be performed with FICB and MAC,although complications and contraindications are common.The anesthetic program was accompanied by stable respiratory and circulatory system responses and satisfactory analgesia while avoiding the adverse effects and problems associated with either neuraxial or general anesthesia.

关键词： Fascia iliaca compartment block Monitored anesthesia care Geriatric Hip fracture Ultrasound-guided Case report

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Ultrafast laser state active controlling based on anisotropic quasi-1D material

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 717-726页

作者： Zixin Yang Qiang Yu Jian Wu Haiqin Deng Yan zhang Wenchao Wang Tianhao xian Luyi Huang Junrong zhang Shuai Yuan Jinyong Leng Li zhan Zongfu Jiang Junyong Wang Kai zhang Pu Zhou College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China. Nanhu Laser Laboratory National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China. i-Lab&Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications&Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123China. School of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China. Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China

Laser state active controlling is challenging under the influence of inherent loss and other nonlinear effects in ultrafast systems.Seeking an extension of degree of freedom in optical devices based on low-dimensional materials may be a way forward.Herein,the anisotropic quasi-one-dimensional layered material Ta2PdS6 was utilized as a saturable absorber to modulate the nonlinear parameters effectively in an ultrafast system by polarization-dependent absorption.The polarization-sensitive nonlinear optical response facilitates the Ta2PdS6-based mode-lock laser to sustain two types of laser states,i.e.,conventional soliton and noise-like pulse.The laser state was switchable in the single fiber laser with a mechanism revealed by numerical simulation.Digital coding was further demonstrated in this platform by employing the laser as a codable light source.This work proposed an approach for ultrafast laser state active controlling with low-dimensional material,which offers a new avenue for constructing tunable on-fiber devices.

关键词： polarization fiber controlling

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Downregulation of NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase via RNA interference increases the susceptibility of Acyrthosiphon pisum to desiccation and insecticides

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Insect Science 2022年第4期29卷 1105-1119页

作者： Jian-Wen Qiao Yong-Liang Fan Bing-Jin Wu Tian-Tian Bai Ying-Hao Wang zhan-Feng zhang Dun Wang Tong-xian Liu State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau Ministry of AgricultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi ProvinceChina Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province College of Plant Health and MedicineQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH)-cytochrome P450 reductase(CPR)is involved in the metabolism of endogenous and exogenous substances,and detoxification of insecticides.RNA interference(RNAi)of CPR in certain insects causes developmental defects and enhanced susceptibility to insecticides.However,the CPR of Acyrthosiphon pisum has not been characterized,and its function is still not understood.In this study,we investigated the biochemical functions of A.pisum CPR(ApCPR).ApCPR was found to be transcribed in all developmental stages and was abundant in the embryo stage,and in the gut,head,and abdominal cuticle.After optimizing the dose and silencing duration of RNAi for downregulating ApCPR,we found that ApCPR suppression resulted in a significant decrease in the production of cuticular and internal hydrocarbon contents,and of cuticular waxy coatings.Deficiency in cuticular hydrocarbons(CHCs)decreased the survival rate of A.pisum under desiccation stress and increased its susceptibility to contact insecticides.Moreover,desiccation stress induced a significant increase in ApCPR mRNA levels.We further confirmed that ApCPR participates in CHC production.These results indicate that ApCPR modulates CHC production,desiccation tolerance,and insecticide susceptibility in A.pisum,and presents a novel target for pest control.

关键词： Acyrthosiphon pisum desiccation tolerance lhydrocarbon insecticide sus-ceptibility NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase

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