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Open science as a better gatekeeper for science and society: a perspective from neurolaw

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Science Bulletin 2018年第23期63卷 1529-1531页

作者： Chuan-Peng Hu xiaoming Jiang Ricky Jeffrey xi-nian zuo Deutsches Resilienz Zentrum (DRZ) & Neuroimaging Center (NIC) University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Department of Psychology Tongji University Language Center International Campus Zhejiang University CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science Institute of Psychology the Chinese Academy of Sciences

In 2011,a court near Milan,Italy,reduced the sentence of a convicted murderer from life to 20years in jail,after considering results from neuroimaging and genetic *** tests had been used to convince the judge that the trial's female defendant,Stefania Albertani,was suffering from partial mental illness (http:// ***/news/2011/09]italian_court_reduces_murde_s. html).The structural MRI images showed that Albertani's grey matter volume was different from the average volume of a randomly-selected group -10healthy women with no history of mental or neurological disorders -in brain areas including the anterior cingulate gyrus (ACC)and *** expert testimony concluded that "these alterations (of brain structures)have to be considered in causal relation to the psychiatric symptomatology of the murderer."

关键词： Open science society neuroimaging

Segregation between the parietal memory network and the default mode network： effects of spatial smoothing and model order in ICA

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Science Bulletin 2016年第24期61卷 1844-1854页

作者： Yang Hu Jijun Wang Chunbo Li Yin-Shan Wang Zhi Yang xi-nian zuo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science Laboratory for HumanConnectome and Development Magnetic Resonance ResearchCenter Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders Shanghai Mental Health Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200030 China

Abstract A brain network consisting of two key parietal nodes, the precuneus and the posterior cingulate cortex, has emerged from recent fMRI studies. Though it is anatomically adjacent to and spatially overlaps with the default mode network （DMN）, its function has been associated with memory processing, and it has been referred to as the parietal memory network （PMN）. Independent component analysis （ICA） is the most common data-driven method used to extract PMN and DMN simultaneously. However, the effects of data preprocessing and parameter determi- nation in ICA on PMN-DMN segregation are completely unknown. Here, we employ three typical algorithms of group ICA to assess how spatial smoothing and model order influence the degree of PMN-DMN segregation. Our findings indicate that PMN and DMN can only be stably separated using a combination of low-level spatial smoothing and high model order across the three ICA algorithms. We thus argue for more considerations on parametric settings for interpreting DMN data.

关键词： Default mode network Parietal memory network Independent component analysis Model order Resting-state fMRI Spatial smoothing

Functional brain network mapping with dual regression

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2017年第12期60卷 1450-1452页

作者： Hui-Jie Li Yin-Shan Wang Xuequan Su xi-nian zuo CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science Institute of PsychologyBeijing 100101China Department of Psychology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Research Center for Lifespan Development of Mind and Brain Institute of PsychologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory for Brain and Education Sciences Guangxi Teachers Education UniversityNanning 530001China

Functional magnetic resonance imaging（fMRI）is an in-vivo non-invasive technique for measuring brain activity with excellent spatial and good temporal *** performing explicit tasks,resting-state fMRI（rfMRI）is widely used to map the functional connectivity network（FCN）,which refers to a large-scale network of interdependent or functionally connected brain regions and it could be detected by using different algorithms（zuo and xing, 2014）.ciation CAS （2016084）, Guangxi Bagui Scholarship, the Natural Science Foundation of China （81471740, 81220108014）, the Major Project of National Social Science Foundation of China （14ZDB161）, Beijing Municipal Science and Tech Commission （Z161100002616023, Z161100000216152） and the National R＆D Infrastructure and Facility Development Program ＂Fundamental Science Data Sharing Platform＂（DKA2017-12-02-21）.

关键词： Functional brain network mapping dual regression

Reshaping the Cortical Connectivity Gradient by Long-Term Cognitive Training During Development

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第1期40卷 50-64页

作者： Tianyong Xu Yunying Wu Yi Zhang xi-nian zuo Feiyan Chen Changsong Zhou Bio-X Laboratory School of PhysicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation College of Optical Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Bejing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Developmental Population Neuroscience Research Center IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Devices Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Physics Centre for Nonlinear Studies and Beijing-Hong Kong-Singapore Joint Centre for Nonlinear and Complex Systems(Hong Kong)Institute of Computational and Theoretical StudiesHong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong 999077China

The organization of the brain follows a topologi-cal hierarchy that changes dynamically during ***,it remains unknown whether and how cognitive training administered over multiple years during develop-ment can modify this hierarchical *** measuring the brain and behavior of school children who had carried out abacus-based mental calculation(AMC)training for five years(starting from 7 years to 12 years old)in pre-training and post-training,we revealed the reshaping effect of long-term AMC intervention during development on the brain hierarchical *** observed the development-induced emergence of the default network,AMC training-promoted shifting,and regional changes in cortical ***,the training-induced gradient changes were located in visual and somatomotor areas in association with the visuospatial/motor-imagery *** found that gradient-based features can predict the math ability within *** findings provide novel insights into the dynamic nature of network recruitment impacted by long-term cognitive training during development.

关键词： Connectivity gradient Cognitive training Development Neural plasticity Abacus-based mental calculation

Concordance among indices of intrinsic brain function： Insights from inter-individual variation and temporal dynamics

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Science Bulletin 2017年第23期62卷 1572-1584页

作者： Chao-Gan Yan Zhen Yang Stanley J. Colcombe xi-nian zuo Michael P. Milham CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science Institute of Psychology Beijing 100101 China Departrnent of Psychology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China center for Lifespan Innovation of Mind and Brain Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research Orangeburg NY 10962 USA Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry NYU Langone Medical Center School of Medicine New York NY 10016 USA Center for Neuromodulation in Depression and Stress Department of Psychiatry Perelman School of Medidne University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA Child Mind Institute New York NY 10022 USA

Various resting-state fMRI(R-fMRI) measures have been developed to characterize intrinsic brain activity. While each of these measures has gained a growing presence in the literature, questions remain regarding the common and unique aspects these indices capture. The present work provided a comprehensive examination of inter-individual variation and intra-individual temporal variation for commonly used measures, including fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuations, regional homogeneity,voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity, network centrality and global signal correlation. Regardless of whether examining intra-individual or inter-individual variation, we found that these definitionally distinct R-fMRI indices tend to exhibit a relatively high degree of covariation, which doesn't exist in phase randomized surrogate data. As a measure of intrinsic brain function, concordance for R-fMRI indices was negatively correlated with age across individuals(i.e., concordance among functional indices decreased with age). To understand the functional significance of concordance, we noted that higher concordance was generally associated with higher strengths of R-fMRI indices, regardless of whether looking through the lens of inter-individual(i.e., high vs. low concordance participants) or intra-individual(i.e., high *** concordance states identified via temporal dynamic analyses) differences. We also noted a linear increase in functional concordance together with the R-fMRI indices through the scan, which may suggest a decrease in arousal. The current study demonstrated an enriched picture regarding the relationship among the R-fMRI indices, as well as provided new insights in examining dynamic states within and between individuals.

关键词： Resting-state fMRI Intrinsic brain activity Concordance Temporal dynamics Inter-individual variation

Developmental population neuroscience: emerging from ICHBD

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Science Bulletin 2018年第6期63卷 331-332页

作者： xi-nian zuo Ye He Xuequan Su xiao-Hui Hou Xuchu Weng Qiang Li Key Laboratory for Brain and Education Sciences Guangxi Teachers Education University Research Center for Lifespan Development of Mind and Brain Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Psychology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science Institute of Psychology Psychological and Brain Sciences Indiana University School of Education Sciences Guangxi Teachers Education University Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation South China Normal University

The 3rd International Conference on Human Brain Development(ICHBD)was held during October 10–15,2017 in Nanning,Guangxi,*** was initiated in 2014 by ***-nian zuo,Olaf Sporns and Michael ***(co-chairs),and has been consistently supported by a major international collaboration grant from Natural Science Foundation of China(81220108014).The goal of ICHBD is to bring together international scientists from a

关键词：神经科学 Michael 人口国际会议 Tomas 大脑开发国际合作科学基础

Neuroimaging brain growth charts:A road to mental health

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Psychoradiology 2021年第4期1卷 272-286页

作者： Li-Zhen Chen Avram JHolmes xi-nian zuo Qi Dong State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Department of Psychology Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA Department of Psychiatry Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA National Basic Science Data Center Beijing 100190China Developmental Population Neuroscience Research Center International Data Group/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Research Center for Lifespan Development of Mind and Brain Institute of PsychologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Mental disorders are common health concerns and contribute to a heavy global burden on our modern *** is challenging to identify and treat them *** evidence suggests the incidence of various psychiatric and behavioral disorders is closely related to the atypical development of brain structure and *** identification and understanding of atypical brain development provide chances for clinicians to detect mental disorders earlier,perhaps even prior to onset,and treat them more *** invaluable and necessary method in identifying and monitoring atypical brain development are growth charts of typically developing individuals in the *** brain growth charts can offer a series of standard references on typical neurodevelopment,representing an important resource for the scientific and medical *** the present paper,we review the relationship between mental disorders and atypical brain development from a perspective of normative brain development by surveying the recent progress in the development of brain growth charts,including four aspects on growth chart utility:1)cohorts,2)measures,3)mechanisms,and 4)clinical *** doing so,we seek to clarify the challenges and opportunities in charting brain growth,and to promote the application of brain growth charts in clinical practice.

关键词： growth chart development neuroimaging reliability mental health

The anatomy of reliability: a must read for future human brain mapping

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Science Bulletin 2018年第24期63卷 1606-1607页

作者： xiu-xia xing xi-nian zuo College of Applied Sciences Beijing University of Technology Key Laboratory of Brain and Education Nanning Normal University Department of Psychology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Sciences Institute of Psychology Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center and Research Center for Lifespan Development of Mind and Brain (CLIMB) CAS Institute of Psychology Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation South China Normal University

Human brain mapping (HBM)is increasingly becoming a multidisciplinary field where some scientific issues are fundamental for all scientists and applications of using the technology to investigate individual *** represents a significant issue for all scientific fields and has particularly been overlooked for decades by the HBM field [1].Meanwhile,recent advances in open science have offered the field big data for developing novel methodological frameworks as well as performing largescale investigations of the brain-mind associations based upon the individual differences assessed with HBM [2].A systematic investigation of reliability seems still far behind these HBM developments. It is critical that reliability is evaluated ahead of these applications, motivating the current commentary on delineation of the anatomy of reliability for future HBM.

关键词： Human brain multidisciplinary

Altered relationship between thickness and intrinsic activity amplitude in generalized tonic–clonic seizures

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Science Bulletin 2016年第24期61卷 1865-1875页

作者： Wei Liao Jue Wang Ting Xu Zhiqiang Zhang Gong-Jun Ji Qiang Xu Zhengge Wang Fang Yang xi-nian zuo Anqi Qiu Yu-Feng Zang Guangming Lu Huafu Chen Department of Medical Imaging Jinling Hospital Nanjing University School of Medicine Nanjing 210002 China Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation of Ministry of Education Center for Information in BioMedicine School of Life Scienceand Technology University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054 China Department of Psychology School of Education Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 310015 China Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders and the Affiliated Hospital Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 310015 China Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments Hangzhou 310015 China Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei 230022 China Department of Radiology Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School Nanjing 210002 China Department of Neurology Jinling Hospital Nanjing University School of Medicine Nanjing 210002 China Department of Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Imaging Research Center National University of Singapore Singapore 117583 Singapore

A thinner cortex has higher potential for binding GABA receptor A which is associated with larger amplitudes of intrinsic brain activity(i BA). However, the relationship between cortical thickness and i BA is unknown in intact and epileptic brains. To this end, we investigated the relationship between cortical thickness measured by highresolution MRI and surface-based i BA derived from resting-state functional MRI in normal controls(n = 82) andpatients with generalized tonic–clonic seizures(GTCS)only(n = 82). We demonstrated that the spatial distribution of cortical thickness negatively correlated with surface-based i BA amplitude at both whole-brain and within independent brain functional networks. In GTCS patients,spatial coupling between thickness and i BA amplitude decreased in the default mode, dorsal attention, and somatomotor networks. In addition, the vertex-wise acrosssubject thickness–i BA amplitude correspondence altered in the frontal and temporal lobes as well as in the precuneus in GTCS patients. The relationship between these two modalities can serve as a brain-based marker for detecting epileptogenic changes.

关键词： Cortex thickness - Generalized tonicclonic seizures - Intrinsic brain activity amplitude -Morphometric-functional relationship ~ Resting state