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High-responsivity on-chip waveguide coupled germanium photodetector for 2 μm waveband

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Photonics Research 2024年第1期12卷 115-122页

作者： JIANING wang xi wang YIHANG LI YANFU YANG QINGHAI SONG KE XU Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Electronic&Information Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Science Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Recently,the emerging 2μm waveband has gained increasing interest due to its great potential for a wide scope of applications.Compared with the existing optical communication windows at shorter wavelengths,it also offers distinct advantages of lower nonlinear absorption,better fabrication tolerance,and larger free carrier plasma effects for silicon photonics,which has been a proven device technology.While much progress has been witnessed for silicon photonics at the 2μm waveband,the primary challenge still exists for on-chip detectors.Despite the maturity and compatibility of the waveguide coupled photodetectors made of germanium,the 2μm regime is far beyond its cutoff wavelength.In this work,we demonstrate an efficient and high-speed on-chip waveguidecoupled germanium photodetector operating at the 2μm waveband.The weak sub-bandgap absorption of epitaxial germanium is greatly enhanced by a lateral separation absorption charge multiplication structure.The detector is fabricated by the standard process offered by a commercial foundry.The device has a benchmark performance with responsivity of 1.05 A/W and 3 dB bandwidth of 7.12 GHz,which is able to receive high-speed signals with up to 20 Gbit/s data rate.The availability of such an efficient and fast on-chip detector circumvents the barriers between silicon photonic integrated circuits and the potential applications at the 2μm waveband.

关键词： waveguide responsivity wave

Responses of growth performance,antioxidant function,small intestinal morphology and mRNA expression of jejunal tight junction protein to dietary iron in yellow-feathered broilers

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第4期23卷 1329-1337页

作者： Kaiwen Lei Hao Wu Jerry W Spears xi Lin xi wang Xue Bai Yanling Huang Key Laboratory of Animal Science of State Ethnic Affairs Commission Southwest Minzu UniversityChengdu 610041China Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization Southwest Minzu UniversityChengdu 610041China Department of Animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695-7621USA

This study aimed to investigate the dose-effect of iron on growth performance,antioxidant function.intestinal morphology,and mRNA expression of jejunal tight junction protein in 1-to21-d-old yellow-feathered broilers.A total of 7201-d-old yellow-feathered maleb roilers were allocated to 9 treatments with 8 replicate cages of 10 birds per cage.The dietary treatments were consisted of a basal diet(contained 79.6 mg Fe kg^(-1))supplemented with 0,20,40,60,80,160,320,640,and 1,280 mg Fe kg^(-1)in the form of FeSO_(4)·7H_(2)O.Compared with the birds in the control group,birds supplemented with 20mg Fe kg^(-1)had higher average daily gain(ADG)(Pxidative stress,disrupted intestinal morphology,and reduced mRNA expression of jejunal tight junction protein.

关键词： iron yellow-feathered broiler antioxidant function intestinal morphology tight junction protein

Bioengineered skin organoids:from development to applications

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Military Medical Research 2024年第3期11卷 449-466页

作者： Zi-Xuan Hong Shun-Tian Zhu Hao Li Jing-Zhi Luo Yu Yang Yang An xi wang Kai wang Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical SciencesState Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and RemodelingPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhou 213000JiangsuChina Department of Plastic Surgery Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Clinical Stem Cell Research Center Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Fuwai HospitalBeijing 100037China Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorder Related Cardiovascular Disease Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100050China

Signifcant advancements have been made in recent years in the development of highly sophisticated skin organoids.Serving as three-dimensional(3D)models that mimic human skin,these organoids have evolved into complex structures and are increasingly recognized as efective alternatives to traditional culture models and human skin due to their ability to overcome the limitations of two-dimensional(2D)systems and ethical concerns.The inherent plasticity of skin organoids allows for their construction into physiological and pathological models,enabling the study of skin development and dynamic changes.This review provides an overview of the pivotal work in the progression from 3D layered epidermis to cyst-like skin organoids with appendages.Furthermore,it highlights the latest advancements in organoid construction facilitated by state-of-the-art engineering techniques,such as 3D printing and microfuidic devices.The review also summarizes and discusses the diverse applications of skin organoids in developmental biology,disease modelling,regenerative medicine,and personalized medicine,while considering their prospects and limitations.

关键词： Skin organoid Organoid generation Skin appendage Tissue engineering Disease modelling Regenerative medicine

Genetic mechanism of body size variation in groupers:Insights from phylotranscriptomics

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Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 314-328页

作者： Wei-Wei Zhang Zhuo-Ying Weng xi wang Yang Yang Duo Li Le wang xiao-Chun Liu Zi-Ning Meng State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Aquatic Economic AnimalsSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510275China Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering(Zhuhai) ZhuhaiGuangdong 519000China Area of Ecology and Biodiversity School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China Molecular Population Genetics Group Temasek Life Sciences LaboratorySingapore City 117604Singapore

Animal body size variation is of particular interest in evolutionary biology,but the genetic basis remains largely unknown.Previous studies have shown the presence of two parallel evolutionary genetic clusters within the fish genus Epinephelus with evident divergence in body size,providing an excellent opportunity to investigate the genetic basis of body size variation in vertebrates.Herein,we performed phylotranscriptomic analysis and reconstructed the phylogeny of 13 epinephelids originating from the South China Sea.Two genetic clades with an estimated divergence time of approximately 15.4 million years ago were correlated with large and small body size,respectively.A total of 180 rapidly evolving genes and two positively selected genes were identified between the two groups.Functional enrichment analyses of these candidate genes revealed distinct enrichment categories between the two groups.These pathways and genes may play important roles in body size variation in groupers through complex regulatory networks.Based on our results,we speculate that the ancestors of the two divergent groups of groupers may have adapted to different environments through habitat selection,leading to genetic variations in metabolic patterns,organ development,and lifespan,resulting in body size divergence between the two locally adapted populations.These findings provide important insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying body size variation in groupers and species differentiation.

关键词： Phylotranscriptomics Grouper Body size Rapidly evolving genes(REGs) Positively selected genes(PSGs)

Core-shell design of UiO66-Fe_(3)O_(4) configured with EDTA-assisted washing for rapid adsorption and simple recovery of heavy metal pollutants from soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 556-568页

作者： xi wang Asif Hussain Qingqing Li Mingyu Ma Juan Wu Mingqiang Deng Jie Yang Dengxin Li Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China Department of Environmental Science Federal Urdu University of ArtsScience and Technology75300 KarachiPakistan Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences Shanghai 200233China

The coupling of washing with adsorption process can be adopted for the treatment of soils contaminated with heavy metals pollution.However,the complex environment of soil and the competitive behavior of leaching chemicals considerably restrain adsorption capacity of adsorbent material during washing process,which demands a higher resistance of the adsorbents to interference.In this study,we synthesized strongly magnetic,high specific surface area(573.49 m^(2)/g)UiO66 composites(i.e.,UiO66-Fe_(3)O_(4))using hydrothermal process.The UiO66-Fe_(3)O_(4) was applied as an adsorbent during the ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid(EDTA)-assisted washing process of contaminated soil.The incorporation of UiO66-Fe_(3)O_(4)results in rapid heavy metal removal and recovery from the soil under low concentrations of washing agent(0.001 mol/L)with reduced residual heavy metal mobility of soil after remediation.Furthermore,UiO66-Fe_(3)O_(4)can quickly recollect by an external magnet,which offers a simple and inexpensive recovery method for heavy metals from contaminated soil.Overall,UiO66-Fe_(3)O_(4)configuration with EDTA-assisted washing process showed opportunities for heavy metals contaminated sites.

关键词： UiO66 composites Metal-EDTA complexes EDTA-assisted washing Heavy metals recovery Soil

Reversing artemisinin resistance by leveraging thermo-responsive nanoplatform to downregulating GSH

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 392-397页

作者： Yong-Dan Zhao Yidan wang Rongrong wang Lina Chen Hengtong Zuo xi wang Jihong Qiang Geng wang Qingxia Li Canqi Ping Shuqiu Zhang Hao wang School of Pharmacy Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030001China National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190China Artemisinin Research Center Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaBeijing 100700China

Artemisinin(ART)resistance has been an emerging clinical problem,severely compromising antimalarial efficacy and threatening the global malaria elimination campaign.Albeit intensive studies about the molecular mechanism for ART resistance are under way,no effective therapeutic targets for reversing resistance have been applied.Here,we explore glutathione(GSH)as a therapeutic target to develop a thermo-responsive nanoplatform to specifically co-deliver ART and GSH synthesis inhibitor(L-buthionine sulfoximine,BSO)in a sustained manner,effectively reversing ART resistance in vivo.By combining with BSO,ART exerts increased antimalarial activity with reduced half-maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)by 7.43-fold in ART-resistant strains.This work reveals that the GSH in ART-resistant parasites can be a promising therapeutic target for reversing ART resistance,paving the way for developing drug candidates and intelligent nanomedicines in malaria therapy.

关键词： Nanomedicines Drug delivery Artemisinins resistance Malaria Glutathione

Prevalence of hypertension and its associations with body composition across Chinese and American children and adolescents

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 392-403页

作者： Li-wang Gao Yi-Wen Huang Hong Cheng xi wang Hong-Bo Dong Pei xiao Yin-Kun Yan xin-Ying Shan xiao-Yuan Zhao Jie Mi Center for Non-Communicable Disease Management Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children’s HealthNo.56 Nanlishi RoadXicheng DistrictBeijing100045China Department of Epidemiology Capital Institute of PediatricsNo.2 Yabao RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing100020China Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children Ministry of EducationBeijingChina

Background The age of onset of hypertension(HTN)is decreasing,and obesity is a significant risk factor.The prevalence and racial disparities in pediatric HTN and the association between body composition and blood pressure are insufficiently studied.This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of HTN in Chinese and American children and adolescents and to assess the relationship between various body composition indices and HTN.Methods Seven thousand,five hundred and seventy-three Chinese and 6239 American children and adolescents aged 8–18 years from the 2013–2015 China Child and Adolescent Cardiovascular Health study and the 2011–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys were analyzed.Blood pressure and body composition(fat and muscle)were measured by trained staff.The crude prevalence and age-standardized prevalence rate(ASPR)of primary HTN and its subtypes[isolated systolic hypertension(ISH)and isolated diastolic hypertension(IDH)]were calculated based on 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines.Multivariable-adjusted linear regression coefficients and odds ratios(ORs)were calculated to assess the associations of body composition indicators with HTN,ISH and IDH.Results The ASPR of HTN was 18.5%in China(CN)and 4.6%in the United States(US),whereas the obesity prevalence was 7.4%and 18.6%,and the population attributable risk of HTN caused by overweight and obesity was higher in the US than in CN.Increased fat mass,muscle mass and body fat percentage mass were associated with a higher risk of HTN in both countries.The percent of muscle body mass had a protective effect on HTN and ISH in both countries[HTN(CN:OR=0.83,95%CI=0.78–0.88;US:OR=0.72,95%CI=0.64–0.81);ISH(CN:OR=0.87,95%CI=0.80–0.94;US:OR=0.71,95%CI=0.62–0.81)],and the protective effect was more common among children and adolescents with high levels of physical activity.Conclusions The burden of HTN in Chinese children and adolescents was substantial and much greater than that in the US,and the contribution of obesity to HTN was higher in t

关键词： Body composition Children and adolescents China Child and Adolescent Cardiovascular Health Hypertension National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

Trilogy of drug repurposing for developing cancer and chemotherapy-induced heart failure co-therapy agent

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第2期14卷 729-750页

作者： xin Chen xianggang Mu Lele Ding xi wang Fei Mao Jinlian Wei Qian Liu Yixiang Xu Shuaishuai Ni Lijun Jia Jian Li State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell MetabolismFrontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic ChemistryShanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug DesignSchool of PharmacyEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Cancer Institute Longhua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200032China College of Pharmacy Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China

Chemotherapy-induced complications,particularly lethal cardiovascular diseases,pose significant challenges for cancer survivors.The intertwined adverse effects,brought by cancer and its complication,further complicate anticancer therapy and lead to diminished clinical outcomes.Simple supplementation of cardioprotective agents falls short in addressing these challenges.Developing bifunctional co-therapy agents provided another potential solution to consolidate the chemotherapy and reduce cardiac events simultaneously.Drug repurposing was naturally endowed with co-therapeutic potential of two indications,implying a unique chance in the development of bi-functional agents.Herein,we further proposed a novel“trilogy of drug repurposing”strategy that comprises function-based,targetfocused,and scaffold-driven repurposing approaches,aiming to systematically elucidate the advantages of repurposed drugs in rationally developing bi-functional agent.Through function-based repurposing,a cardioprotective agent,carvedilol(CAR),was identified as a potential neddylation inhibitor to suppress lung cancer growth.Employing target-focused SAR studies and scaffold-driven drug design,we synthesized 44 CAR derivatives to achieve a balance between anticancer and cardioprotection.Remarkably,optimal derivative 43 displayed promising bi-functional effects,especially in various self-established heart failure mice models with and without tumor-bearing.Collectively,the present study validated the practicability of the“trilogy of drug repurposing”strategy in the development of bi-functional cotherapy agents.

关键词： Anticancer Heartfailure Complication Drug repurposing Bi-functional drug

GPCR-Gs mediates the protective effects of ginsenoside Rb1 against oxygen-glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation-induced astrocyte injury

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2024年第1期11卷 33-43页

作者： xi wang Ying Liu Juan Li Jiayu xie Yi Dai Minke Tang School of Chinese Materia Medica Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 102488China Taihe Hospital Hubei University of MedicineShiyan 442000China School of Medicine Hyogo Medical UniversityNishinomiya 663-8501Japan

Objectives:To investigate whether the protective actions of ginsenoside Rb1(Rb1)on astrocytes are mediated through the G_(s)-type G-protein-coupled receptor(GPCR-G_(s)).Methods:Primary astrocyte cultures derived from neonatal mouse brain were used.Astrocyte injury was induced via oxygen-glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation(OGD/R).Cell morphology,viability,lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)leakage,apoptosis,glutamate uptake,and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)secretion were assessed to gauge cell survival and functionality.Western blot was used to investigate the cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)and protein kinase B(Akt)signaling pathways.GPCR-G_(s)-specific inhibitors and molecular docking were used to identify target receptors.Results:Rb1 at concentrations ranging from 0.8 to 5μM did not significantly affect the viability,glutamate uptake,or BDNF secretion in normal astrocytes.OGD/R reduced astrocyte viability,increasing their LDH leakage and apoptosis rate.It also decreased glutamate uptake and BDNF secretion by these cells.Rb1 had protective effects of astrocytes challenged by OGD/R,by improving viability,reducing apoptosis,and enhancing glutamate uptake and BDNF secretion.Additionally,Rb1 activated the cAMP and Akt pathways in these cells.When the GPCR-G_(s) inhibitor NF449 was introduced,the protective effects of Rb1 completely disappeared,and its activation of cAMP and Akt signaling pathways was significantly inhibited.Conclusion:Rb1 protects against astrocytes from OGD/R-induced injury through GPCR-G_(s) mediation.

关键词： Ginseng Ginsenoside Rb1 Receptor GPCR Astrocytes Neuroprotective effects