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Epigenetics in the modern era of crop improvements

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Science China life Sciences 2025年

作者： Yan xue xiaofeng Cao Xiangsong chen Xian Deng Xingwang Deng Yong Ding aiwu Dong chengguo Duan xiaofeng fang Lei Gong Zhizhong Gong xiaofeng Gu Chongsheng He Hang He Shengbo He Xinjian He Yan He yuehui He Guifang Jia Danhua Jiang Jianjun Jiang Jinsheng Lai Zhaobo Lang chenlong li qing li Xingwang li Bao liu bing liu xiao Luo yijun Qi Weiqiang Qian Guodong Ren qingxin Song Xianwei Song Zhixi Tian Jiawei Wang yuan Wang liang Wu Zhe Wu Rui Xia Jun xiao lin xu Zhengyi xu Wenhao Yan Hongchun Yang Jixian Zhai yijing Zhang yusheng Zhao xuehua zhong Daoxiu Zhou Ming Zhou yue Zhou Bo Zhu Jiankang Zhu Qikun liu College of life Sciences Institute of Life Science and Green Development Hebei University Biotechnology Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences College of Biology Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hybrid Rapeseed Hunan University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Peking University State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture South China Agricultural University National Institute of Biological Sciences Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Peking University Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement School of Life Sciences Henan University State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding National Maize Improvement Center Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding China Agricultural University Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding China Agricultural University Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding China Agricultural University Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory Institute of Advan

Epigenetic mechanisms are integral to plant growth, development, and adaptation to environmental stimuli. Over the past two decades,our comprehension of these complex regulatory processes has expanded remarkably, producing a substantial body of knowledge on both locus-specific mechanisms and genome-wide regulatory patterns. Studies initially grounded in the model plant Arabidopsis have been broadened to encompass a diverse array of crop species, revealing the multifaceted roles of epigenetics in physiological and agronomic traits. With recent technological advancements, epigenetic regulations at the single-cell level and at the large-scale population level are emerging as new focuses. This review offers an in-depth synthesis of the diverse epigenetic regulations, detailing the catalytic machinery and regulatory functions. It delves into the intricate interplay among various epigenetic elements and their collective influence on the modulation of crop traits. Furthermore, it examines recent breakthroughs in technologies for epigenetic modifications and their integration into strategies for crop improvement. The review underscores the transformative potential of epigenetic strategies in bolstering crop performance, advocating for the development of efficient tools to fully exploit the agricultural benefits of epigenetic insights.

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Association between diacylglycerol kinase kappa variants and hypospadias susceptibility in a Han Chinese population

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第1期20卷 85-89页

作者： Hua Xie xiao-ling lin Song Zhang ling yu xiao-Xi li yi-chen Huang yi-qing Lyu Hai-Tao chen Jianfeng xu fang chen Department of Urology Shanghai Children's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200062 China Fudan Institute of Urology Huashan Hospital Fudan University Shanghai 200040 China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering School of Life Sciences Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Center for Genomic Translational Medicine and Prevention School of Public Health Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Program for Personalized Cancer Care NorthShore University HealthSystem Evanston IL 60201 USA

Previous genome-wide association studies have identified variants in the diacylglycerol kinase kappa （DGKtO gene associated with hypospadias in populations of European descent. However, no variants of DGKKwere confirmed to be associated with hypospadias in a recent Han Chinese study population, likely due to the limited number of single-nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） included in the analysis. In this study, we aimed to address the inconsistent results and evaluate the association between DGKK and hypospadias in the Han Chinese population through a more comprehensive analysis of DGKK variants. We conducted association analyses for 17 SNPs in or downstream of DGKKwith hypospadias among 322 cases （58 mild, 113 moderate, 128 severe, and 23 unknown） and 1008 controls. Five SNPs （rs2211122, rs4554617, rs7058226, rs7063116, and rs5915254） in DGKK were significantly associated with hypospadias （P 〈 0.05）, with odds ratios （ORs） of 1.64-1.76. When only mild and moderate cases were compared to controls, 10 SNPs in DGKKwere significant （P〈 0.05）, with ORs of 1.56-2.13. No significant SNP was observed when only severe cases were compared to controls. This study successfully implicated DGKK variants in hypospadias risk among a Han Chinese population, especially for mild/moderate cases. Severe forms of hyposDadias are likely due to other genetic factors.

关键词： association study diacylglycerol kinase kappa hypospadias polymorphisms

桂花OfLCYB提高转基因烟草类胡萝卜素含量和低温胁迫的抗性

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农业生物技术学报 2025年第1期33卷 1-14页

作者：彭琳王艺光董彬钟诗蔚方遒肖政邓金萍赵宏波浙江农林大学风景园林与建筑学院/浙江省园林植物种质创新与利用重点实验室/南方园林植物种质创新与利用国家林业和草原局重点实验室

番茄红素β-环化酶(lycopene β-cyclase, LCYB)是类胡萝卜素生物合成途径中的关键酶。桂花(Osmanthus fragrans)主要分布于我国南方。在深秋和冬季开放的桂花遇低温天气会出现颜色加深的现象。本研究通过相对低温处理桂花，发现桂花花... 详细信息

番茄红素β-环化酶(lycopene β-cyclase, LCYB)是类胡萝卜素生物合成途径中的关键酶。桂花(Osmanthus fragrans)主要分布于我国南方。在深秋和冬季开放的桂花遇低温天气会出现颜色加深的现象。本研究通过相对低温处理桂花，发现桂花花瓣颜色变深、类胡萝卜素含量显著增加、关键合成基因OfLCYB上调表达。为研究OfLCYB对类胡萝卜积累和低温胁迫的响应机制，本研究从桂花花瓣中克隆了OfLCYB基因(GenBank No. PP438593)，并构建过表达载体转化烟草(Nicotiana tabacum)。结果显示，过表达OfLCYB可以促进转基因烟草叶片中类胡萝卜素的积累和参与类胡萝卜素生物合成途径中相关基因的表达。低温(4℃)处理烟草之后，与对照植株相比，OfLCYB过表达的烟草叶片表现出更好的低温耐受性。在低温处理下，转基因株系叶片中相对电解质泄露率(relative electrolyte leakage, REL)和丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)含量显著低于对照植株，超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(peroxidase, POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)活性和脯氨酸含量显著提高。此外，与对照植株相比，转基因烟草叶片中的2个冷应答转录因子NtDREB1(dehydration responsive element binding 1)和NtDREB3及2个冷诱导基因NtERD10A(early responsive to dehydration 10A)和NtERD10B的表达水平上调。推测OfLCYB可能通过促进类胡萝卜素合成提高植物的低温耐受性。本研究可为提高桂花耐寒性和扩大栽培范围提供参考。

关键词：桂花番茄红素β-环化酶(LCYB) 类胡萝卜素低温抗性

An association study of HFEgene mutation with idiopathic male infertility in the Chinese Han population

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第4期14卷 599-603页

作者： xiao-ying yu bin-bin Wang zhong-cheng Xin Tao liu Ke Ma Jian Jiang Xiang fang li-Hua yu yi-Feng Peng xu Ma Institute of Reproductive Medicine Yijishan HospitalWannan Medical CollegeWuhu 241001China National Research Institute for Family Planning Beijing 100081China peking Union Medical College Beijing 100081China Andrology Center Peking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research in Human Reproduction Beijing 100081China

Mutations in the haemochromatosis gene （HFE） influence iron status in the general population of Northern Europe, and excess iron is associated with the impairment of spermatogenesis. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between three mutations （C282Y, H63D and S65C） in the HFEgene with idiopathic male infertility in the Chinese Han population. Two groups of Chinese men were recruited： 444 infertile men （including 169 with idiopathic azoospermia） and 423 controls with proven fertility. The HFEgene was detected using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism （PCR-RFLP） technique. The experimental results demonstrated that no C282Y or $65C mutations were detected. Idiopathic male infertility was not significantly associated with heterozygous H63D mutation （odds ratio=O.801, 95% confidence interval=0.452-1.421, X2=0.577, P=0.448）. The H63D mutation frequency did not correlate significantly with the serum luteinizing hormone （LH）, follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH） and testosterone （T） levels in infertile men （P=0.896, P=0.404 and P=O.05, respectively）. Our data suggest that the HFEH63D mutation is not associated with idiopathic male reproductive dysfunction.

关键词： gene mutation gonadotropic hormone HFE male infertility

The causality between the rapid rotation of a sunspot and an X3.4 flare

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Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2009年第5期9卷 596-602页

作者： xiao-li Yan zhong-Quan Qu cheng-lin xu Zhi-Ke xue De-fang Kong National Astronomical Observatories/yunnan Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650011 China Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China yunnan Normal University Kunming 650092 China Jiaxing University Jiaxing 314001 China

Using multi-wavelength data of Hinode, the rapid rotation of a sunspot in active region NOAA 10930 is studied in detail. We found extraordinary counterclockwise rotation of the sunspot with positive polarity before an X3.4 flare. From a series of vector magnetograms, it is found that magnetic force lines are highly sheared along the neutral line accompanying the sunspot rotation. Furthermore, it is also found that sheared loops and an inverse S-shaped magnetic loop in the corona formed gradually after the sunspot rotation. The X3.4 flare can be reasonably regarded as a result of this movement. A detailed analysis provides evidence that sunspot rotation leads to magnetic field lines twisting in the photosphere. The twist is then transported into the corona and triggers flares.

关键词： Sun sunspots - Sun flares - Sun magnetic fields

Proton linac-based therapy facility for ultra-high dose rate (FLASH) treatment

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2021年第4期32卷 1-9页

作者： Wen-cheng fang xiao-Xia Huang Jian-Hao Tan Chao-Peng Wang cheng-cheng xiao yi-Xing Lu yu Zhang yu-qing Yang yi-Ming xu Han-yu Gong Jun-Qiang Zhang Shao-Peng zhong Zhen-Tang Zhao Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shanghai APACTRON Particle Equipment Company limited Shanghai 201800China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China

As an advanced treatment method in the past five years,ultra-high dose rate(FLASH)radiotherapy as a breakthrough and milestone in radiotherapy development has been verified to be much less harmful to healthy tissues in different *** treatments require an instantaneous dose rate as high as hundreds of grays per second to complete the treatment in less than 100 *** proton therapy facilities with the spread-out of the Bragg peak formed by different energy layers,to our knowledge,cannot easily achieve an adequate dose rate for FLASH treatments because the energy layer switch or gantry rotation of current facilities requires a few seconds,which is relatively long.A new design for a therapy facility based on a proton linear accelerator(linac)for FLASH treatment is proposed *** is designed under two criteria:no mechanical motion and no magnetic field *** new therapy facility can achieve an ultrahigh dose rate of up to 300 Gy/s;however,it delivers an instantaneous dose of 30 Gy within 100 ms to complete a typical FLASH *** design includes a compact proton linac with permanent magnets,a fast beam kicker in both azimuth and elevation angles,a fixed gantry with a static superconducting coil to steer proton bunches with all energy,a fast beam scanner using radio-frequency(RF)deflectors,and a fast low-level RF *** relevant principles and conceptual proposals are presented herein.

关键词： Proton therapy FLASH Proton linac Deflector Superconducting coil Fast scanner

Effects of allitridum on the transient outward potassium current in rats with heart failure

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2016年第9期13卷 783-788页

作者： xiao-Jing ZHAO Kun lin yu ZHANG bin xu li liU yi-cheng FU Xi chen zhong-Qi Cai Zhi-Juan WU yun HUANG Yang li Department of Cardiology Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China Department of Gerontology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

Objective To study the effect of allitridum on the transient outward potassium current （Ito） of ventricular myocytes in heart failure （HF）. Methods The dual enzymatic method was used to separate single ventricular myocytes from Sprague Dawley rats. Patch-clamping was used to record Ito and analyze the effect of allitridum on the current. Results The Ito current had a significant decrease in the HF group, compared with the control group. The density of Ito in the HF group was increased after treatment of allitridum （30 μmol/L）. The peak current densities of Ito were enhanced in the HF group from 6.01 ±0.30 pA/pF to 8.41 ±0.54 pA/pF （P 〈 0.01） at ＋50 mV after treatment with allitridum （30 μmol/L）. We also determined the effect of allitridum on the gating mechanism of the Ito in the HF group. Conclusions We found that allitridum increased the Ito by accelerating the activation of channels and shortened the time constants of inactivation, and allitridum decreased the remodeling of Ito in ventricular myocytes of rats with HF.

关键词： Allitridum Heart failure Ion current Ventricular myocyte

Comparison of canaloplasty and trabeculectomy for open angle glaucoma：a Meta-analysis

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第12期9卷 1814-1819页

作者： zhong-Jing lin Shuo xu Shou-yue Huang xiao-bin Zhang yi-Sheng zhong Department of Ophthalmology Ruijin Hospital Affiliated Medical School Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200025 China Department of Ophthalmology Hubei University of Science and Technology Xialming 437100 Hubei Province China

aiM： To evaluate the advantage of canaloplasty compared to trabeculectomy for patients with open angle ***： Potentially relevant studies were systematically searched using various databases from inception until December 2015. The outcome analyses performed automatically using Revman 5.3 included intraocular pressure reduction （IOPR）, postoperative success rate, anti-glaucoma medications reduction and the incidence of adverse ***： We included four qualified studies incorporating a total of 215 eyes for quantitative synthesis. The weighted mean difference （WMD） of IOPR between canaloplasty and trabeculectomy from baseline to 12mo was -2.33 （95%CI： -4.00, -0.66）. There was not significant improvement in the complete or qualified success rate （OR： 0.58, 95%CI： 0.26, 1.31; OR： 0.50, 95%CI： 0.10, 2.44, respectively）. Similarly, no statistically significance was observed in anti-glaucoma mediations reduction （WMD： -0.54, 95%CI： -1.18, 0.09）. Sensitivity analysis of the primary outcome estimate confirmed the stability of the Meta-analysis ***： Trabeculectomy seems to be more effective in lowering IOP up to 12mo when comparing with canaloplasty. Canaloplasty does not seem to be inferior to trabeculectomy considering the postoperative success rate or the number of postoperative anti-glaucoma medications. Meanwhile, it has an advantage of less bleb related complications.

关键词： canaloplasty trabeculectomy open angle glaucoma Meta-analysis

Modulation of abnormal neuronal circuit in temporal lobe epilepsy

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2016年第10期30卷 1026-1027页

作者： WANG yi yiNG xiao-ying chen bin xu Ceng-lin chen zhong Department of Pharmacology Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of the Ministry of Health of China Institute of Pharmaceutics College of Pharmaceutical Sciences School of MedicineZhejiang University

OBJECTIVE Temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE)is one of the most common types of human epilepsy,and they are often resistant to current *** By using optogenetic,electrophysiological,imaging and pharmacology strategies,we aimed toinvestigate the underlying circuit mechanism of TLE and tried to developthe novel and efficient approach to control ***(1)Using micro PET and multichannel EEG recording,we found an abnormal neural network,characterized by early hypometabolism and after discharge spread,during the epileptogenensis of TLE.(2)Deep brain stimulation,especially low frequency stimulation,targeted the epileptic focus and the areas outside of the focus(critical regions for seizure spread),such as the piriform cortex,cerebellum,entorhinal cortex or subiculum,reduced seizure severity in *** anti-epileptic effect is time-window dependent and polarity dependent,which shows a promising strategy for treating epileptic seizures.(3)Using an optogenetic strategy,we demonstrated that excitatory projection from entorhinal cortex to hippocampus instructs the brain-stimulation treatments of epilepsy.(4)Our data from both the clinical and experimental studies further demonstrated that a disinhibitory GABAergic neuronmediated microcircuit in the subiculum contributes to secondary generalized seizures in TLE.(5)Finally,based on abnormal synchronization of the electrical activity in epileptic circuit,we developed electroresponsive hydrogel nanoparticles modified with angiopep-2 to facilitate the delivery of the antiepileptic drug phenytoin sodium,which greatly improves the therapeutic *** Our findings may update the current view of epileptic neuronal networks and suggest possible promising ways for epilepsy treatment.

关键词： epilepsy neural circuits brain stimulation optogenetics electro-responsive