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Association between childhood obesity and gut microbiota:16S rRNA gene sequencing-based cohort study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第16期30卷 2249-2257页

作者： xu-ming Li Qing Lv ya-Jun Chen Lu-Biao yan Xin Xiong Laboratory Department Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital(Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital)Nanjing 210004Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pediatrics Shenzhen University General HospitalShenzhen 518055Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Inspection Division Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University(Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital)Nanjing 210004Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pediatrics Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University(Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital)Nanjing 210004Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neonatology Chenzhou First People’s HospitalChenzhou 423000Hunan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND This study aimed to identify characteristic gut genera in obese and normal-weight children(8-12 years old)using 16S rDNA *** research aimed to provide insights for mechanistic studies and prevention strategies for childhood *** normal-weight and thirty age-and sex-matched obese children were *** and body measurements were collected,and fecal samples underwent 16S rDNA *** differences in body mass index(BMI)and body-fat percentage were observed between the *** of gut microbiota diversity revealed lowerα-diversity in obese *** in gut microbiota composition were found between the two *** and Firmicutes were more abundant in the obese group,while Bacteroides and Sanguibacteroides were more prevalent in the control *** To identify the characteristic gut genera in obese and normal-weight children(8-12-year-old)using 16S rDNA sequencing,and provide a basis for subsequent mechanistic studies and prevention strategies for childhood *** Thirty each normal-weight,1:1 matched for age and sex,and obese children,with an obese status from 2020 to 2022,were included in the control and obese groups,*** information was collected through questionnaires and body measurements were obtained from both obese and normal-weight *** samples were collected from both groups and subjected to 16S rDNA sequencing using an Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform for gut microbiota diversity *** Significant differences in BMI and body-fat percentage were observed between the two *** Ace and Chao1 indices were significantly lower in the obese group than those in the control group,whereas differences were not significant in the Shannon and Simpson ***-Wallis tests indicated significant differences in unweighted and weighted UniFrac distances between the gut microbiota of normal-weight and obese children(P<0.01),suggest

关键词： Childhood obesity Gut microbiota 16S rDNA sequencing Diversity analysis Genus identification Body mass index

The symmetric space,strong isotropy irreducibility and equigeodesic properties

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第1期67卷 129-148页

作者： ming xu Ju Tan School of Mathematical Sciences Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China School of Microelectronics and Data Science Anhui University of TechnologyMa'anshan 243032China

A smooth curve on a homogeneous manifold G/H is called a Riemannian equigeodesic if it is a homogeneous geodesic for any G-invariant Riemannian *** homogeneous manifold G/H is called Riemannian equigeodesic,if for any x∈G/H and any nonzero y∈Tx(G/H),there exists a Riemannian equigeodesic c(t) with c(0)=x and ■(0)=*** two notions can be naturally transferred to the Finsler setting,which provides the definitions for Finsler equigeodesics and Finsler equigeodesic *** prove two classification theorems for Riemannian equigeodesic spaces and Finsler equigeodesic spaces,***,a homogeneous manifold G/H with a connected simply connected quasi compact G and a connected H is Riemannian equigeodesic if and only if it can be decomposed as a product of Euclidean factors and compact strongly isotropy irreducible ***,a homogeneous manifold G/H with a compact semisimple G is Finsler equigeodesic if and only if it can be locally decomposed as a product,in which each factor is Spin(7)/G2,G2/SU (3) or a symmetric space of compact *** results imply that the symmetric space and the strongly isotropy irreducible space of compact type can be interpreted by equigeodesic *** an application,we classify the homogeneous manifold G/H with a compact semisimple G such that all the G-invariant Finsler metrics on G/H are *** suggests a new project in homogeneous Finsler geometry,i.e.,to systematically study the homogeneous manifold G/H on which all the G-invariant Finsler metrics satisfy a certain geometric property.

关键词： equigeodesic equigeodesic space flag manifold orbit type stratification symmetric space strongly isotropy irreducible space

Characteristics and geological significance of the stress state of the lithosphere in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its neighboring areas

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1836-1855页

作者： Qianwen ZHANG ya xu Wei CHU Shupeng LU Key Lab of Petroleum Resource Research Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The present-day lithospheric stress state of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and neighboring areas is controlled by both the lithosphere itself and the underlying *** other words,the stress is affected by the gravitational potential energy(GPE)difference caused by the change in the density distribution within the lithosphere and the drag force on the base of the lithosphere caused by mantle *** study of the lithospheric stress state plays an important role in further understanding the dynamic background and mechanism for the evolution of the Qinghai-Tibetan *** this study,the Crust1.0 crustal density model combined with the S40RTS mantle shear wave velocity variation model was used to calculate the *** EGM2008gravity field model was used to calculate the drag force from mantle convection at the base of the *** lithospheric and joint stress fields of the two sources were obtained by solving the force balance under the thin sheet *** way,we could comprehensively analyze the characteristics of the stress state within the *** regions were classified according to the GPE stress field,mantle drag force stress field,the relative magnitude of the two stress fields,and correlation between the two stress fields and surface *** lithospheric stress fields of the Tarim Basin and other stable blocks are mainly controlled by the GPE *** lithospheric stress field in the collision zone between the Indian Plate and the QinghaiTibetan Plateau is predominantly controlled by the deep mantle drag *** lithospheric stress field in the interior of the Plateau is controlled by both GPE and mantle *** correlation between the lithospheric stress field and surface deformation at the southeast margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is *** is hypothesized that the presence of lower crustal flow with lower effective viscosity leads to crust-mantle decoupling,and the mantle drag force has a weaker influe

关键词： Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Gravitational potential energy Mantle convection Lithospheric deviatoric stress field GPS strain rate field

Dielectric Constant Calculation of Poly(vinylidene fluoride)Based on Finite Field and Density Functional Theory

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第5期42卷 655-662,I0009页

作者： Yong-Zhi Lin Lu-Kun Feng ya-Dong Li Chao-Fan Chang Cai-Zhen Zhu ming-Liang Wang Jian xu College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen518055China Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu610041China

In this study,we proposed a novel method that integrates density functional theory(DFT)with the finite field method to accurately estimate the polarizability and dielectric constant of *** approach effectively accounts for the influence of electronic and geometric conformation changed on the dielectric *** validated our method using polyethylene(PE)and polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)as benchmark materials,and found that it reliably predicted their dielectric ***,we explored the impact of conformation variations in poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF)on its dielectric constant and *** resulting dielectric constants ofα-andγ-PVDF(3.0)showed excellent agreement with crystalline PVDF in *** findings illuminate the relationship between PVDF’s structural properties and its electrical behavior,offering valuable insights for material design and applications.

关键词： Dielectric constant PVDF Finite field DFT

Effect of drying-wetting cycles on pore characteristics and mechanical properties of enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation-reinforced sea sand

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第1期16卷 291-302页

作者： ming Huang Kai xu Zijian Liu Chaoshui xu mingjuan Cui College of Civil Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350108China Xiamen Rail Transit Construction and Development Group Co. Ltd.Xiamen361000China School of Civil Environment and Mining EngineeringThe University of AdelaideAdelaide5005Australia

Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation(EICP)is an emanating,eco-friendly and potentially sound technique that has presented promise in various geotechnical ***,the durability and microscopic characteristics of EICP-treated specimens against the impact of drying-wetting(D-W)cycles is under-explored *** study investigates the evolution of mechanical behavior and pore charac-teristics of EICP-treated sea sand subjected to D-W *** uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)tests,synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography(micro-CT),and three-dimensional(3D)recon-struction of CT images were performed to study the multiscale evolution characteristics of EICP-reinforced sea sand under the effect of D-W *** potential correlations between microstructure characteristics and macro-mechanical property deterioration were investigated using gray relational analysis(GRA).Results showed that the UCS of EICP-treated specimens decreases by 63.7% after 15 D-W *** proportion of mesopores gradually decreases whereas the proportion of macropores in-creases due to the exfoliated calcium carbonate with increasing number of D-W *** micro-structure in EICP-reinforced sea sand was gradually disintegrated,resulting in increasing pore size and development of pore shape from ellipsoidal to columnar and *** gray relational degree suggested that the weight loss rate and UCS deterioration were attributed to the development of branched pores with a size of 100-1000 m m under the action of D-W ***,the results in this study provide a useful guidancee for the long-term stability and evolution characteristics of EICP-reinforced sea sand under D-W weathering conditions.

关键词： Enzyme-induced carbonate precipitation(EICP) Plant-based urease Drying-wetting(D-W)cycles Microstructure

Tighter sum uncertainty relations via(α,β,γ)weighted Wigner–yanase–Dyson skew information

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第3期76卷 91-99页

作者： Cong xu Zhaoqi Wu Shao-ming Fei School of Mathematical Sciences Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China Department of Mathematics Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330031China Max-Planck-Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences 04103 LeipzigGermany

We establish tighter uncertainty relations for arbitrary finite observables via(α,β,γ)weighted Wigner–yanase–Dyson((α,β,γ)WWYD)skew *** results are also applicable to the(α,γ)weighted Wigner–yanase–Dyson((α,γ)WWYD)skew information and the weighted Wigner–yanase–Dyson(WWYD)skew *** also present tighter lower bounds for quantum channels and unitary channels via(α,β,γ)modified weighted Wigner–yanase–Dyson((α,β,γ)MWWYD)skew *** examples are provided to illustrate the tightness of our uncertainty relations.

关键词： quantum channels (α,β,γ)WWYD skew information (α,β,γ)MWWYD skew information uncertainty relations

Molecular Chain Flexibility and Dielectric Loss at High-Frequency:Impact of Ester Bond Arrangement in Poly(ester imide)s

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第8期42卷 1122-1133页

作者： ya-Dong Li Hong Li Lu-Kun Feng Feng Bao ming-Liang Wang Cai-Zhen Zhu Zhao-Hui Zheng Xiao-Bin Ding Jian xu Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100081China Institute of Low-Dimensional Materials Genome Initiative College of Chemistry and Environmental EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

The evolution of high-frequency communication has accentuated the significance of controlling dielectric properties in polymer ***,it has been theorized that rigid molecular chains lead to lower dielectric ***,the validity of this proposition at high frequencies remains *** scrutinize the correlation between chain flexibility and dielectric properties,we synthesized six poly(ester imide)s(PEIs)with systematically varied molecular chain flexibilities by modifying the ester's substitution on the aromatic *** introduction of ester bonds bestowed all PEI films with a low dielectric dissipation factor(D_(f)),ranging from 0.0021 to 0.0038 at 10 GHz in dry *** dry D_(f)displayed a pattern consistent with volume polarizability(P/V).Unexpectedly,PI-mmm-T,featu ring the most flexible molecular chain,exhibited the lowest dielectric loss under both dry(0.0021@10 GHz)and hygroscopic(0.0029@10 GHz)***,the observed increase in D_(f)after humidity absorption suggests that the high dielectric loss of PEI in applications may be attributed to its hygroscopic *** simulations and characterization of the aggregation structure revealed that the smaller cavities within flexible molecular chains,after close stacking,impede the entry of water *** sacrificing high-temperature resistance,the precursor exhibited enhanced solubility properties and could be processed into high-quality *** research unveils new insights into the relationship between flexibility and highfrequency dielectric loss,offering innovative perspectives on synthesizing aromatic polymers with exceptional dielectric properties.

关键词： 5G communications Poly(ester imide)s Molecular chain flexibility Dielectric properties Humidity absorption

Amino acids modified nanoscale zero-valent iron:Density functional theory calculations,experimental synthesis and application in the Fenton-like degradation of organic solvents

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 296-309页

作者： Xingchen yang Fucheng ming Jianlong Wang Lejin xu Department of Nuclear Engineering and Technology School of Energy and Power EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China China-EU Institute for Clean and Renewable Energy Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Key Laboratory of Radioactive Wastes Treatment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

To improve the adsorption and catalytic performance of heterogeneous Fenton-like catalysts for oil wastes,amino acids were used to modify nanoscale zero-valent iron(AA@Fe^(0)),which were applied in the Fenton-like degradation of organic solvents(tributyl phosphate and n-dodecane,named TBP and DD).Twelve amino acids,i.e.,glycine(Gly),alanine(Ala),leucine(Leu),proline(Pro),phenylalanine(Phe),methionine(Met),cysteine(Cys),asparagine(Asn),serine(Ser),glutamic acid(Glu),lysine(Lys)and arginine(Arg),were selected and calculated by density functional theory(DFT).The optimized structure,charge distribution,the highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO),the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO),interaction region indicator(IRI)isosurface map and adsorption energy of AA@Fe^(0),AA@Fe^(0)-TBP and AA@Fe^(0)-DD were studied,which indicated that Fe is more likely to approach and charge transfer with-COO and-NH_(3) on theα-carbon of amino *** is strong attraction between Fe and–COO,and Van der Waals force between Fe and-NH_(3),*** the interaction of AA@Fe^(0)with TBP and DD,Van der Waal force plays an important ***@Fe^(0)was synthesized in laboratory and characterized to investigate physicochemical *** Fenton-like degradation of organic solvents,the change of COD in water phase during the degradation process as well as the volume of the organic phase after the reaction were *** results of calculations combined with experiments showed that Ser-modified Fe^(0)performed the best in these amino acids,with 98%removal of organic solvents.A possible catalytic mechanism was proposed in which amino acids acted a linking role between Fe and organic solvents,activating H_(2)O_(2)to generate hydroxyl radicals for the degradation of organic solvents.

关键词： Amino acids Nanoscale zero-valent iron Density functional theory Organic solvents Fenton-like degradation

From ancient wisdom to modern science:Gut microbiota sheds light on property theory of traditional Chinese medicine

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第4期22卷 413-444页

作者： ya-nan yang Jia-guo Zhan Ying Cao Chong-ming Wu School of Chinese Materia Medica Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 301617China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 301617China

The property theory of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has been practiced for thousands of years,playing a pivotal role in the clinical application of TCM. While advancements in energy metabolism,chemical composition analysis, machine learning, ion current modeling, and supercritical fluid technology have provided valuable insight into how aspects of TCM property theory may be measured, these studies only capture specific aspects of TCM property theory in isolation, overlooking the holistic perspective inherent in TCM. To systematically investigate the modern interpretation of the TCM property theory from multidimensional perspectives, we consulted the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition) to compile a list of Chinese materia medica(CMM). Then, using the Latin names of each CMM and gut microbiota as keywords, we searched the PubMed database for relevant research on gut microbiota and CMM. The regulatory patterns of different herbs on gut microbiota were then summarized from the perspectives of the four natures, the five flavors and the meridian tropism. In terms of the four natures, we found that warm-natured medicines promoted the colonization of specific beneficial bacteria,while cold-natured medicines boosted populations of some beneficial bacteria while suppressing pathogenic bacteria. Analysis of the five flavors revealed that sweet-flavored and bitter-flavored CMMs positively influenced beneficial bacteria while inhibiting harmful bacteria. CMMs with different meridian tropism exhibited complex modulative patterns on gut microbiota, with Jueyin(Liver) and Taiyin(Lung) meridian CMMs generally exerting a stronger effect. The gut microbiota may be a biological indicator for characterizing the TCM property theory, which not only enhances our understanding of classic TCM theory but also contributes to its scientific advancement and application in healthcare.

关键词： Traditional Chinese medicine Property theory Gut microbiota Four natures Five flavors Meridian tropism