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NIR-Ⅱ responsive Janus nanoparticles amplify immunogenic cell death for enhanced cancer immunotherapy

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 321-329页

作者： CHEN BeiBei GUO KangLi WANG HaoRan xu fu-jian WANG JuLin ZHAO NaNa State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules(Beijing University of Chemical Technology) Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical MaterialsBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China College of Materials Sciences and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

Immunotherapy brings new hope for tumor treatment by inducing immunogenic cell death(ICD)of tumor cells.However,insufficient immunogenicity and low immune response rate greatly limit antitumor immunity.Herein,by optimizing the composition and morphology,the rational design of Janus nanoparticles composed of Fe_(3)O_(4) nanospheres and SiO_(2)nanorods was realized for enhanced cancer immunotherapy through amplified ICD.After glucose oxidase(GOx)was loaded by the Janus nanoparticles,the resultant M-FS-GOx consumes glucose at tumor sites to generate gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))for starvation therapy while the H_(2)O_(2)supply promotes the production of highly toxic·OH to achieve effective chemodynamic therapy(CDT).Under a 1064 nm light irradiation,the photothermal effect of M-FS-GOx enhances the enzyme activity of GOx for improved starvation therapy.furthermore,both tumor-associated antigens released during the process of ICD and the intrinsic immunoadjuvant property of M-FS-GOx stimulate dendritic cell maturation to activate antitumor immune responses.This work provides a promising strategy for the construction of Janus nanoparticles to achieve enhanced cancer immunotherapy through combination therapy-amplified ICD.

关键词： Janus nanoparticles immunogenic cell death cancer immunotherapy

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Two-dimensional copper metal-organic frameworks as antibacterial agents for biofilm treatment

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2022年第5期65卷 1052-1058页

作者： WANG ZhengYuan GUO Wei ZHANG Kai YE YingMin WANG YanMin SUI DanDan ZHAO NaNa xu fu-jian Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules(Beijing University of Chemical Technology Ministry of Education)Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical MaterialsBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China College of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China

Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)composed of functional metal ions/clusters and suitable bridging ligands are highly designable,which have shown excellent catalytic activity as nanozymes and are promising for antibacterial therapy.Herein,twodimensional(2D)copper MOF nanosheets(Cu-MOF NSs)as effective antibacterial agents were prepared through a simple onestep method.The 2D Cu-MOF NSs displayed a peroxidase-like activity toward H_(2)O_(2)decomposition into highly cytotoxic hydroxyl radicals(·OH).Notably,the 2D morphology of Cu-MOF NSs provides a high density of Cu^(2+)/Cu^(+)surface active sites,which could efficiently oxidize the proteins and lipids on the bacterial surface and induce the death of bacteria.It is found that the as-prepared 2D Cu-MOF NSs exhibited antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)and could efficiently eradicate the biofilm of S.aureus.Up to 99.9%bacteria were killed at a Cu-MOF concentration of 4μg/m L.This study opens a new avenue for the design of MOF-based antibacterial agents to combat pathogenic bacterial infections.

关键词： metal-organic frameworks reactive oxygen species antibacterial therapy nanozymes two-dimensional

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Echo State Network Based on Improved Knowledge Distillation for Edge Intelligence

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 101-111页

作者： jian ZHOU Yuwen jianG Lijie xu Lu ZHAO fu XIAO College of Computer Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications jiangsu High Technology Research Key Laboratory for Wireless Sensor Networks

Echo state network(ESN) as a novel artificial neural network has drawn much attention from time series prediction in edge intelligence. ESN is slightly insufficient in long-term memory, thereby impacting the prediction performance. It suffers from a higher computational overhead when deploying on edge devices. We firstly introduce the knowledge distillation into the reservoir structure optimization, and then propose the echo state network based on improved knowledge distillation(ESN-IKD) for edge intelligence to improve the prediction performance and reduce the computational overhead. The model of ESN-IKD is constructed with the classic ESN as a student network, the long and short-term memory network as a teacher network, and the ESN with double loop reservoir structure as an assistant network. The student network learns the long-term memory capability of the teacher network with the help of the assistant network. The training algorithm of ESN-IKD is proposed to correct the learning direction through the assistant network and eliminate the redundant knowledge through the iterative pruning. It can solve the problems of error learning and redundant learning in the traditional knowledge distillation process. Extensive experimental simulation shows that ESN-IKD has a good time series prediction performance in both long-term and short-term memory, and achieves a lower computational overhead.

关键词： Echo state network Reservoir structure optimization Knowledge distillation Edge intelligence Time series prediction

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Ambarzumyan's Theorem for the Dirac Operator on Equilateral Tree Graphs

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第2期40卷 568-576页

作者： Dong-Jie WU Xin-jian xu Chuan-fu YANG Department of Mathematics School of Mathematics and StatisticsNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

The classical Ambarzumyan’s theorem states that if the Neumann eigenvalues of the Sturm-Liouville operator-d^(2)/dx^(2)+q with an integrable real-valued potential q on[0,π] are {n^(2):n≥0},then q=0 for almost all x∈[0,π].In this work,the classical Ambarzumyan’s theorem is extended to the Dirac operator on equilateral tree graphs.We prove that if the spectrum of the Dirac operator on graphs coincides with the unperturbed case,then the potential is identically zero.

关键词： dirac operator quantum graph Ambarzumyan’s theorem inverse spectral problem

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Unbound^(28)O,the heaviest oxygen isotope observed:a cutting-edge probe for testing nuclear models

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 1-2页

作者： jian-Guo Li Bai-Shan Hu Shuang Zhang fu-Rong xu School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and TechnologyPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Southern Center for Nuclear-Science Theory(SCNT) Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesHuizhou 516000China

The beyond-dripline oxygen isotopes^(27,28)O were recently observed at RIKEN,and were found to be unbound decaying into^(24)O by emitting neutrons.The unbound feature of the heaviest oxygen isotope,^(28)O,provides an excellent test for stateof-the-art nuclear models.The atomic nucleus is a self-organized quantum manybody system comprising specific numbers of protons Z and neutrons N.

关键词： testing quantum system

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Control of fine particulate nitrate during severe winter haze in“2+26”cities

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 261-269页

作者： Chuang Qin Xiao fu Tao Wang jian Gao Jiaqi Wang Institute of Environment and Ecology Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 99907China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 10084China

The“2+26”cities,suffering the most severe winter haze pollution,have been the key region for air quality improvement in China.Increasing prominent nitrate pollution is one of the most challenging environmental issues in this region,necessitating development of an effective control strategy.Herein,we use observations,and state-of-the-art model simulations with scenario analysis and process analysis to quantify the effectiveness of the future SO_(2)-NO_(X)-VOC-NH_(3) emission control on nitrate pollution mitigation in“2+26”cities.Focusing on a serious winter haze episode,we find that limited NO_(X)emission reduction alone in the short-term period is a less effective choice than VOC or NH_3emission reduction alone to decrease nitrate concentrations,due to the accelerated NO_(X)-HNO_(3)conversion by atmospheric oxidants and the enhanced HNO_(3)to NO_(3)^(-)partition by ammonia,although deep NO_(X)emission reduction is essential in the long-term period.The synergistic NH_(3) and VOC emission control is strongly recommended,which can counteract the adverse effects of nonlinear photochemistry and aerosol chemical feedback to decrease nitrate more.Such extra benefits will be reduced if the synergistic NH_(3) and VOC reduction is delayed,and thus reducing emission of multiple precursors is urgently required for the effective control of increasingly severe winter nitrate pollution in“2+26”cities.

关键词： Nitrate Winter haze pollution Emission reduction “2+26”cities

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Evidence-based practices in sustainable travel behavior intervention: A knowledge graph-based systematic review

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第2期11卷 293-311页

作者： jian Li Chenjie xu Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the Ministry of Education College of Transportation EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

Sustainable travel behavior intervention is an essential strategy to promote the development of urban transportation.The interventions offer personalized strategies based on certain scenario and participants to promote its effectiveness over hard travel restrictions.However,personalized strategies may also bring about difficulties to identify the actual effect of the measures.furthermore,based on current practice,to make full use of travel behavior interventions,it is necessary to construct a unified methodological evidencebased framework to assess the reliability and effectiveness of travel behavior intervention studies.In response to these issues,we applied evidence-based knowledge graph to the field of sustainable travel behavior interventions to help decision supporters design sustainable travel behavior interventions wisely and in turn avoid excessive use of hard travel restrictions.We introduced concept of evidence-based practice to conduct a systematic analysis concerning reliability and validity of current full volume empirical studies by dimensions of scenarios,types of interventions and targets.In addition,we took advantage of high extensivity and integrability of knowledge graph to organize evidence-based related elements.Result of the systematic analysis shows that in terms of reliability of evidence,school intervention is the best scenario,knowledge incentive is the best intervention type and promoting public transit and walking proportion are the best targets.Oppositely,the reliability of interventions in workplace,belonging to reward and threat along with aiming at changing travel patterns generally and lowering travel carbon emission need to be enhanced.From the study,various research prospects are raised to promote evidence quality in the field of travel behavior intervention implementation.As a pioneer study,our research contributes to the field of urban transportation in introducing concepts of evidence-based practice and enabling optimization and extension of our achievement via the usage of k

关键词： Evidence-based decision-making Evidence assessment Knowledge graph Travel behavior intervention Sustainable travel

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Strategies for the development and approval of COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutics in the post-pandemic period

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 19-35页

作者： Danyi Ao xuemei He jian Liu Li xu State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China HospitalSichuan University610041 SichuanPeople’s Republic of China

The spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has resulted in significant casualties and put immense strain on public health systems worldwide,leading to economic recession and social unrest.In response,various prevention and control strategies have been implemented globally,including vaccine and drug development and the promotion of preventive measures.Implementing these strategies has effectively curbed the transmission of the virus,reduced infection rates,and gradually restored normal social and economic activities.However,the mutations of SARS-CoV-2 have led to inevitable infections and reinfections,and the number of deaths continues to rise.Therefore,there is still a need to improve existing prevention and control strategies,mainly focusing on developing novel vaccines and drugs,expediting medical authorization processes,and keeping epidemic surveillance.These measures are crucial to combat the Coronavirus disease(COVID-19)pandemic and achieve sustained,long-term prevention,management,and disease control.Here,we summarized the characteristics of existing COVID-19 vaccines and drugs and suggested potential future directions for their development.furthermore,we discussed the COVID-19-related policies implemented over the past years and presented some strategies for the future.

关键词： prevention sustained approval

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Giant vascular malformations invading the skull:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第16期12卷 2869-2875页

作者： Ming-Chen Xie fu-xu Wang jian xu Department of Neurosurgery The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266000Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Vascular malformations(VMs)arise as a result of errors in the process of angiogenesis and are usually present at birth,but may not become apparent until after birth.However,giant VMs of the head and face are uncommon,with few reported cases,and the prognosis for their surgical intervention is unclear.CASE SUMMARY A 12-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital with findings of an enlarged right temporal scalp.After admission,computed tomography(CT)angiography of cerebral ateries showed a right occlusal gap and a right temporal artery venous malformation.furthermore,cerebral angiography showed a right temporal lobe VM with multiple vessels supplying blood.The patient underwent surgery to remove the malformed vessels and the eroded skull.Two hours after the surgery,the patient's right pupil was dilated,and an urgent CT scan of the skull showed a right subdural haematoma under the incision,which was urgently removed by a second operation.After surgery,we gave continuous antibiotic anti-infection treatment,and the patient recovered well and was discharged two weeks later.CONCLUSION Surgical removal of giant haemangiomas is risky and adequate preoperative(including interventional embolisation)and intraoperative preparations should be made.

关键词： Giant vascular malformation Early intervention Surgical intervention Interventional embolization Case report

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Advances in the application of hydrogel-based scaffolds for tendon repair

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 296-313页

作者： Renqiang Chen Fanglin Chen Kenian Chen jian xu Department of Orthopedics The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang 310003China Department of Orthopedics The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityLiuzhou Guangxi 545005China

Tendon injuries often lead to joint dysfunction due to the limited self-regeneration capacity of tendons.Repairing tendons is a major challenge for surgeons and imposes a signif-icant financial burden on society.Therefore,there is an urgent need to develop effective stra-tegies for repairing injured tendons.Tendon tissue engineering using hydrogels has emerged as a promising approach that has attracted considerable interest.Hydrogels possess excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability,enabling them to create an extracellular matrix-like growth environment for cells.They can also serve as a carrier for cells or other substances to accelerate tendon repair.In the past decade,numerous studies have made significant prog-ress in the preparation of hydrogel scaffolds for tendon healing.This review aims to provide an overview of recent research on the materials of hydrogel-based scaffolds used for tendon tis-sue engineering and discusses the delivery systems based on them.

关键词： Application Hydrogel-based Repairscaffolds Review Tendon injury Tissue engineering

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