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Surface destructive mechanism on high-temperature ablation, supersonic-erosion, dreg-adherence and corrosion

中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2004年第Z1期14卷 429-434页

作者： xiao Jun CHEN jian-min ZHOU Hui-di LI Tie-hu ZHANG Qiu-yu State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China College of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnic University Xi''an 710072 China State Key Laboratory of Solid LubricationLanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China State Key Laboratory of Solid LubricationLanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China College of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnic University Xi''an 710072 China College of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnic University Xi''an 710072 China

The exhaust and flame from a supersonic airborne missile high-energy smoke-born engine (SAMHSE) may lead to high-temperature ablation, supersonic-erosion, dreg-adherence (HTASED) and corrosion on the launcher slide track, causing serious problems to the operation and decreasing the lifetime of the launcher. Therefore, it is imperative to study the destructive mechanism so as to guarantee the smooth operation and increase the lifetime of military equipments. Accordingly, HTASED and corrosion were systematically observed and analyzed with the emphasis placed on the mechanism investigations making use of a series evaluation tests, typical missile engine simulation tests, national military standard methods, scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical corrosion tests. It is found that the thermal impact of high-temperature flame and supersonic erosion of corrosive melting particle jet of the SAMHSE lead to surface defects of micro-cracks, denudation and corrosive residue. Some defects reach to metal base becoming to "corrosive channels". Repetitive HTASED may cause ablation-adhesion fatigue stress, which enhances the surface corrosion and destruction. HTASED and corrosion are related to the type of a SAMHSE fuel and experience of the launcher. Surface destruction is related to synergistic effects of the HTASED. The ablated and failed Al or steel surface is liable to electrochemical corrosion characterized by pitting in humid and salt-spray environment.

关键词： high-temperature ablation supersonic-erosion dreg-adherence simulating test supersonic airborne missile high-energy smoke-born engine corrosion

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Expression of p21^(WAF1) and p53 and polymorphism of p21^(WAF1) gene in gastric carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2004年第8期10卷 1125-1131页

作者： Hai-LongXie Qisu Xiu-ShengHe xiao-QiuLiang jian-GuoZhou YinSong Yi-QinLi InstituteofOncology NanhuaUniversityHengyang421001HunanProvinceChina

AIM:To investigate the relationship between expression of p21^(WAF1) and p53 gene,and to evaluate the deletion and polymorphism of p21^(WAF1) gene in gastric carcinoma (GC). METHODS:Expression of p21 and p53 proteins,and deletion and polymorphism of p21 gene in GC were examined by streptavidin-peroxidase conjugated method (SP) and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) respectively. RESULTS:The expression of p21 and p53 was found in 100% (20/20) and 0% (0/20) of normal gastric mucosae (NGM),92.5% (37/40) and 15.0% (6/40) of dysplasia (DP) and 39.8% (43/108) and 56.5% (61/108) of GC,respectively. The positive rate of p21 in GC was lower than that in NGM and DP (P0.05).The exoression patterns of p53+/p21-,and of p53-/p21+ w

关键词： p21^WAF1基因 p53基因胃癌基因多态性肿瘤病理学 PCR-RFLP

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Effect of Jiuwei Zhuhuang Powder on Cough Resolution in Children with Upper Respiratory Tract Infections:A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2022年第5期28卷 387-393页

作者： LUO Hui SONG Gui-Hua MA xiao-jian SUN Meng-meng ZHANG Man XIE jian-rong PENG Shao Institute for Tibetan Medicine China Tibetology Research CenterBeijing(100101)China Department of Pediatrics the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhou(450000)China Department of Pediatrics Huaihe Hospital of Henan UniversityZhengzhou(450000)China Department of Pediatrics the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou(475000)China School of Statistics Renmin University of ChinaBeijing(100872)China

Objective:To assess the effectiveness of Jiuwei Zhuhuang Powder(JWZH),a Tibetan patent medicine in treating upper respiratory tract infection(URTI)associated cough in ***:The study was a multicenter,randomized,open-label,controlled trial.A total of 142 children aged 2 to 14 years old,with URTIassociated cough within 48 h of onset,were randomly assigned to two groups at a 1:1 ratio by computer-generated randomization *** were treated with JWZH(1 to 1.5 g,twice to thrice daily)in the treatment group or conventional treatment(Pediatric Paracetamol,Artificial Cow-bezoar and Chlorphenamine Maleate Granules,0.25 to 1 g,thrice daily)in the control group for 5 *** primary endpoints were the time to cough resolution and 4-day cough resolution *** secondary endpoints were the daily improvement in symptom scores and cough resolution rate during the study ***:A total of 138 children were included in the intention-to-treat analysis,with 71 cases in the treatment group and 67 cases in the control *** with the conventional treatment,the children receiving JWZH had a shorter time to cough resolution[hazard ratio,2.10;95%confidence interval(CI),1.29-3.40;P=0.003].The median time to cough resolution for children receiving JWZH was shorter than that of the conventional treatment(2 days vs.3 days;P0.05).Adverse events was reported in 5.6%(4/71)and 4.5%(3/67)in participants of JWZH and PPACCM groups(P>0.05),respectively,which were all mild and resolved without ***:JWZH seemed to be a safe and effective therapy for URTI-associated cough in children.(Trial registration *** CTR2000039421)

关键词： child cough upper respiratory tract infection Jiuwei Zhuhuang Powder randomized controlled trial Tibetan medicine

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Subjective Well-Being and Its Determinant from A Study of Beijing's Urban Elderly

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心理科学 2003年第1期26卷 13-16页

作者： xiao jian Hu Jun sheng Liu Cui xia E-mail：jianx@*** DepartmentofPsychology.BeijingUniversity Beijing100871

This study was designed to obtain an understanding of the subjective well-being (SWB) status among China’s urban elderly, and to find out the major factors that could influence the status in question. Our survey was conducted of 233 urban elderly individuals, and the data was statistically examined by multiple regression analysis with the results that: 1) The SWB of China’s urban elderly was relatively high as only 4.5% of all respondents considered themselves unhappy or very unhappy; 2) Major factors that had an influence on SWB included economic resource, mobility, age and social support; and 3) Five demographic variables accounted for 18.6% of the variance in SWB, which was slightly higher than that of foreign findings. It is concluded that financial security, active participation in physical and social activities, and social support are necessary for the improvement of the SWB of the elderly.

关键词：主观幸福感老年人心理学价值观念年龄因素

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An efficient and facile procedure for synthesis of octyl polyglucoside

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2007年第10期18卷 1173-1175页

作者： Ying Wu Jiu Gao Yu xiao Fei Ma jian She Zhang Department of Chemistry School of Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China

Nonionic surfactant alkyl polyglucoside （APG） was prepared by direct glycosidation of alkyl alcohol with glucose in the presence of sulfate acid-silica gel （H2SO4/SiO2） as solid acidic catalyst. The quantity of catalyst was only of 1 wt%, based on the glucose, and the conversion of glucose was close to 100% at 110 ℃ in 1.5 h. The product was characterized by FT-IR, mass and ^1H NMR spectra. The degree of polymerization （DP） of the glucose in the product was 1.37, and critical micelle concentration （CMC） of product was only 0.0104 wt%.

关键词： Alkyl polyglucoside Sulfate acid-silica gel Solid acidic Catalyst

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Ion transport-related resistive switching in film sandwich structures

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第20期59卷 2363-2382页

作者： xiao-jian Zhu Jie Shang Gang Liu Run-Wei Li Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application Technology Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences

Resistive switching memories based on ion transport and related electrochemical reactions have been extensively studied for *** utilize the resistive switching memories for high-performance information storage applications,a thorough understanding of the key information of ion transport process,including the mobile ion species,the ion transport paths,as well as the electrochemical reaction behaviors of these ions should be provided for material and device ***,ion transport is usually accompanied by processes of microstructure modification,phase transition,and energy band structure variation that lead to further modulation of other physical properties,e.g.,magnetism,optical emission/absorbance,etc.,in the resistive switching ***,novel resistive switching memories that are controlled through additional means of magnetic or optical stimulus,or demonstrate extra functionalities beyond information storage,can be made possible via well-defined ion transportation in various switching materials and *** this contribution,the mechanism of ion transport and related resistive switching phenomena in thin film sandwich structures is discussed first,followed by a glanceat the recent progress in the development of high-performance and multifunctional resistive switching memories.A brief perspective of the ion transport-based resistive switching memories is addressed at the end of this review.

关键词：离子迁移开关现象夹层结构电阻式薄膜运输电化学反应信息存储

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Exosomal microRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma,expanding research field

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第20期30卷 2618-2620页

作者： Bo-Hao Zheng xiao-jian Ni Hou-Bao Liu Department of Biliary Surgery Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Biliary Tract Disease Center of Zhongshan Hospital Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Biliary Tract Disease Institute Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Cancer Center Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Shanghai Biliary Tract Minimal Invasive Surgery and Materials Engineering Research Center Shanghai 200032China

In this editorial we comment on the review by Wang et al published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology in *** extracellular vesicles(exosomes)play important roles in the tumor *** this review,the authors introduce the following points:(1)The composition and function of exosomal microRNAs(miRNAs)of different cell origins in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC);(2)the crosstalk between exosomal miRNAs from stromal cells and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and the progression of HCC;and(3)the potential applicability of exosomal miRNAs derived from mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of *** addition,the potential applicability of exosomal miRNAs derived from mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of HCC was *** this review,the authors give us an overview of the exosomal RNA and summarize the function of exosomal RNA in HCC,which provides a deeper understanding of exosomal miRNAs to the readers.

关键词： Exosomes MicroRNA Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver cancer Tumor microenvironment

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Simulation Study of Shock Reaction on Porous Material

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2009年第4期51卷 691-699页

作者： XU Ai-Guo ZHANG Guang-Cai PAN xiao-Fei ZHU jian-Shi National Key Laboratory of Computational Physics Institute of Applied Physics and Computational MathematicsP.O. Box 8009-26 Beijing 100088 China

Direct modeling of porous materials under shock is a complex issue. We investigate such a system via the newly developed material-point method. The effects of shock strength and porosity size are the main concerns. For the same porosity, the effects of mean-void-size are checked. It is found that local turbulence mixing and volume dissipation are two important mechanisms for transformation of kinetic energy to heat. When the porosity is very small, the shocked portion may arrive at a dynamical steady state; the voids in the downstream portion reflect back rarefactive waves and result in slight oscillations of mean density and pressure; for the same value of porosity, a larger mean-void-size makes a higher mean temperature. When the porosity becomes large, hydrodynamic quantities vary with time during the whole shock-loading procedure： after the initial stage, the mean density and pressure decrease, but the temperature increases with a higher rate. The distributions of local density, pressure, temperature and particle-velocity are generally non-Gaussian and vary with time. The changing rates depend on the porosity value, mean-void-size and shock strength. The stronger the loaded shock, the stronger the porosity effects. This work provides a supplement to experiments for the very quick procedures and reveals more fundamental mechanisms in energy and momentum transportation.

关键词： shock wave porous material equation of state

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Waste Water Disinfection During SARS Epidemic for Microbiological and Toxicological Control

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2006年第3期19卷 173-178页

作者： CHAO CHEN xiao-jian ZHANG YUN WANG LING-XIA ZHU JING LIU Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

Objective To evaluate the disinfection of wastewater in China. Methods During the SARS epidemic occurred in Beijing, a study of different disinfection methods used in the main local wastewater plants including means of chlorine, chlorine dioxide, ozone, and ultraviolet was carried out in our laboratory. The residual coliform, bacteria and trihalomethanes, haloacetic acids were determined after disinfection. Results Chlorine had fairly better efficiency on microorganism inactivation than chlorine dioxide with the same dosage. Formation of THMs and HAAs does not exceed the drinking water standard. UV irradiation had good efficiency on microorganism inactivation and good future of application in China. Organic material and ammonia nitrogen was found to be significant on inactivation and DBPs formation. Conclusion Chlorine disinfection seems to be the best available technology for coliform and bacteria inactivation. And it is of fairly low toxicological hazard due to the transformation of monochloramine.

关键词： Wastewater disinfection Chlorine Chlorine dioxide Ozone Ultraviolet Disinfection by-products

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Degradation significantly decreased the ecosystem multifunctionality of three alpine grasslands: evidences from a large-scale survey on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第2期18卷 357-366页

作者： XU Yu-dan DONG Shi-kui SHEN Hao xiao jian-nan LI Shuai GAO xiao-xia WU Sheng-nan School of Environment Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China School of Grassland Science Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China College of Resources and Environment Shanxi Agricultural UniversityJinzhong 030801China

Owing to the joint effects of ecosystem fragility,anthropogenic disturbance and climate change,alpine grasslands(alpine meadow,alpine steppe and alpine desert)have experienced serious degradation during the past several *** degradation has severely affected the delivery of ecosystem multifunctionality(EMF)and services,and then threatens the livelihood of local herdsmen and ecological security of ***,we still lack comprehensive insights about the effects of degradation and climatic factors on EMF of alpine grasslands,especially for alpine desert ***,we applied a large-scale field investigation to answer this *** results suggested grassland degradation significantly decreased the belowground ecosystem multifunctionality(BEMF)and EMF of alpine grasslands and aboveground ecosystem multifunctionality(AEMF)of alpine meadow,while did not reduce the AEMF of alpine steppe and *** for the insignificant difference between degraded steppe and degraded desert in AEMF,the alpine meadow showed the highest AEMF,BEMF and EMF,alpine steppe ranked the second and alpine desert was the ***,BEMF and EMF of health alpine grasslands were strongly affected by mean annual precipitation(MAP)(19%-51%)and mean annual temperature(MAT)(9%-36%),while those of degraded meadow and degraded desert were not impacted by precipitation and *** and BEMF showed a synergistic relationship in healthy alpine grasslands(12%-28%),but not in degraded *** findings emphasized the urgency of implementing the feasible ecological restoration project to mitigate the negative influences of grassland degradation on EMF of alpine ecosystems.

关键词： Climatic factors Ecosystem multifunctionality Grassland degradation Grassland type Plant community Soil nutrient

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