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Land-surface processes and summer-cloud-precipitation characteristics in the Tibetan Plateau and their effects on downstream weather: a review and perspective

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National Science Review 2020年第3期7卷 500-515页

作者： Yunfei Fu Yaoming Ma Lei Zhong Yuanjian Yang Xueliang Guo Chenghai Wang Xiaofeng Xu Kun Yang xiangde Xu liping liu Guangzhou Fan Yueqing li Donghai Wang School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology School of Atmospheric Physics Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological Administration School of Atmospheric Sciences Lanzhou University Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University Chengdu University of Information Technology Institute of Plateau Meteorology CMA School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen University

Correct understanding of the land-surface processes and cloud-precipitation processes in the Tibetan Plateau(TP) is an important prerequisite for the study and forecast of the downstream activities of weather systems and one of the key points for understanding the global atmospheric movement. In order to show the achievements that have been made, this paper reviews the progress on the observations for the atmospheric boundary layer, land-surface heat fluxes, cloud-precipitation distributions and vertical structures by using ground-and space-based multiplatform, multisensor instruments and the effect of the cloud system in the TP on the downstream weather. The results show that the form drag related to the topography, land–atmosphere momentum and scalar fluxes is an important part of the parameterization process. The sensible heat flux decreased especially in the central and northern TP caused by the decrease in wind speeds and the differences in the ground-air temperatures. Observations show that the cloud and precipitation over the TP have a strong diurnal variation. Studies also show the compressed-air column in the troposphere by the higher-altitude terrain of the TP makes particles inside clouds vary at a shorter distance in the vertical direction than those in the non-plateau area so that precipitation intensity over the TP is usually small with short duration, and the vertical structure of the convective precipitation over the TP is obviously different from that in other regions. In addition, the influence of the TP on severe weather downstream is preliminarily understood from the mechanism. It is necessary to use model simulations and observation techniques to reveal the difference between cloud precipitation in the TP and non-plateau areas in order to understand the cloud microphysical parameters over the TP and the processes of the land boundary layer affecting cloud, precipitation and weather in the downstream regions.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau land-surface processes cloud-precipitation characteristics downstream effects

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Design, Synthesis and Insecticidal Evaluation of Anthranilic Diamides Containing Optically Pure Amino Acid Moiety

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2016年第12期34卷 1218-1224页

作者： Shaa Zhou Sha Zhou Xuewen Hua Wei Wei Yongtao Xie Minggui Chen xiangde Meng Ming liu lixia Xiong Na Yang Baolei Wang Zhengming li State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering ( Tianjin) Nankai University No. 94 Weijin Road Nankai District Tianjin 300071 China Shandong Yanhai Construction Resources Co. Ltd Yantai Shandong 264000 China Tianjin SPHINX SCIENTIFIC LAB Tianjin 300457 China

Two series of N-pyridylpyrazolecarboxamide derivatives were designed and synthesized by introducing D-alanine acid esters and D-serine acid esters into the skelecton of chlorantraniliprole. The obtained structures were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, elemental analysis and specific optical rotation analysis. Preliminary bioas-says indicated that some compounds displayed excellent insecticidal activities against Mythimna separate and Plutella xylostella in comparison with chlorantraniliprole. In particular, IIq showed excellent insecticidal activity against Plutella xylostella with a mortality rate of 90% at 0.01 mg·L^-1. A 3D-QSAR （CoMSIA） study was per- formed in order to disclose the insecticidal structure-activity relationship and indicate the future work. The CoMS1A study demonstrated that large substitutes and electron deficient groups at the 3-position of pyrazole ring are favora- ble, the same as a small group near the ester groups of amino acid.

关键词： ryanodine amino acid insecticidal activity

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Study on Seismic Damage to Buildings from the 2016 Hutubi Ms6.2 Earthquake

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Earthquake Research in China 2017年第3期31卷 334-348页

作者： Chang xiangde Sun Jing Tan Ming Yao Yuan li Shuai Luo Ju Chen Jianbo Earthquake Administration of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi 830011China

Based on the field investigation of the building types and damage caused to them by the Hutubi M_S6.2 earthquake on December 8,2016,we analyzed the damage characteristics and causes for different types of buildings. In conclusion we put forward some suggestions for the restoration and reconstruction in the earthquake affected area in future.

关键词： Hutubi earthquake Building structure Earthquake damage Damage causes

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Damage Investigation of the Hutubi Ms6.2 Earthquake on December 8,2016

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Earthquake Research in China 2017年第3期31卷 349-359页

作者： li Shuai Chang xiangde Luo Ju Chen Jianbo Sun Jing Hu Weihua Tan Ming Earthquake Administration of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumqi 830011China

The Hutubi M_S6.2 earthquake occurred on December 8, 2016, in Hutubi County,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, causing three people injured. The earthquake effected areas mainly included 25 townships and towns,plus Hutubi County and Manas County in Changji,Hutubi and Manas. The total effected area is 12,450 km^2. In this paper,we summarize the seismo-tectonic background and geomorphic features of the earthquake zone. Under the guidance of the standard "The Earthquake Site Works-Parts4: Assessment of Direct Loss",the damage to buildings and lifeline systems with various structural types are introduced,and we ultimately estimate the direct economic losses to mud-wood houses and the destruction of brick-wood houses. Our results indicate that"The Urban and Rural Seismic Safe Housing Project"played a key role in reducing this earthquake disaster.

关键词： Hutubi Ms6.2 earthquake Affected area Damage Urban and rural seismic safe housing project

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氮素形态和弱光胁迫对茶树生长代谢的影响

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茶叶科学 2023年第3期43卷 349-355页

作者：申瑞寒马立锋杨向德方丽中国农业科学院茶叶研究所/农业农村部茶树生物学与资源利用重点实验室浙江杭州310008 中国农业科学院研究生院北京100081

为解析氮(N)素形态和弱光胁迫对茶树生长代谢的影响,以2年生龙井43扦插苗为试验材料,通过溶液培养分别供给NH_(4)^(+)-N和NO_(3)^(-)-N 2种不同形态N源,以及正常光照和弱光2种光照强度。结果表明:(1)茶苗净光合速率主要受N素形态影响,... 详细信息

为解析氮(N)素形态和弱光胁迫对茶树生长代谢的影响,以2年生龙井43扦插苗为试验材料,通过溶液培养分别供给NH_(4)^(+)-N和NO_(3)^(-)-N 2种不同形态N源,以及正常光照和弱光2种光照强度。结果表明:(1)茶苗净光合速率主要受N素形态影响,正常光照条件下,NH_(4)^(+)-N处理明显高于NO_(3)^(-)-N处理;相同氮素条件下,与正常光照相比,弱光胁迫有减弱茶苗净光合速率的趋势。(2)茶苗新梢叶绿素含量主要受氮素形态和光照共同影响,弱光胁迫有助于提高叶绿素含量。正常光照时NH_(4)^(+)-N处理的茶苗新梢叶绿素含量显著高于NO_(3)^(-)-N处理,但叶绿素a(Chl a)和叶绿素b(Chl b)含量的比值(Chl a/b)基本不变,弱光胁迫后新梢叶绿素含量增加,但NH_(4)^(+)-N处理的新梢Chl a/b值明显提高,而NO_(3)^(-)-N处理的Chl a/b值略有下降,茶树施用NO_(3)^(-)-N比施用NH_(4)^(+)-N更具有耐荫性。(3)茶苗N素吸收主要受N素形态和光照共同影响,弱光胁迫有助于提高茶苗新梢N素的累积。正常光照时NH_(4)^(+)-N处理的茶苗新梢N含量要明显高于NO_(3)^(-)-N处理,弱光胁迫明显增加茶树地上部N含量。(4)新梢品质成分变化主要受到光照影响,但酚氨比的变化受光照和氮源的共同作用影响。正常光照下NH_(4)^(+)-N处理新梢游离氨基酸总量和咖啡碱含量明显高于NO_(3)^(-)-N处理,而酚氨比则低于NO_(3)^(-)-N处理。弱光胁迫后新梢中游离氨基酸和咖啡碱含量进一步升高,而茶多酚含量和酚氨比降低,NO_(3)^(-)-N处理新梢中游离氨基酸总量增加速率和茶多酚含量、酚氨比下降速率更快。研究结果为解析其机制提供理论依据。

关键词：茶树铵态氮硝态氮光照强度光合作用品质成分

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Water Vapor Transport around the Tibetan Plateau and Its Effect on Summer Rainfall over the Yangtze River Valley

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2016年第4期30卷 472-482页

作者：李驰钦左群杰徐祥德高守亭 Key Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081

The water vapor transport around the Tibetan Plateau（TP） and its effect on the rainfall in the Yangtze River valley（YRV） in summer are investigated by decomposing the moisture transport into rotational and divergent *** on the ERA-Interim and PREC/L（Precipitation Reconstruction over Land） data from 1985 to 2014,the vertically integrated features of the two components are *** results show that the divergent part dominates the western TP while the rotational part dominates the rest of the TP,implying that moisture may be mostly locally gathered in the western TP but could be advected to/from elsewhere over the rest of the *** divergent and rotational moisture fluxes exhibit great temporal variability along the southern periphery of the TP,showing sensitivity of water vapor to the steep topography *** analysis reveals that it is over the southeastern corner of the TP and to its south that a significant correlation between rotational zonal moisture transport and summer rainfall in the YRV appears,suggesting that the southeastern corner of the TP may serve as a moisture transport bridge between the South Asian（Indian） monsoon and the East Asian *** composite analysis indicates that anomalous eastward（westward） zonal water vapor transport from the South Asian monsoon via the southeastern corner of the TP favors more（less） precipitation in the YRV in summer.

关键词： moisture transport Tibetan Plateau rotational component divergent component Yangtze River valley rainfall

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Intrinsic V vacancy and large magnetoresistance in V_(1-δ)Sb_(2)single crystal

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第3期31卷 475-481页

作者：张勇黄新亮张警蕾高文帅朱相德皮雳 Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions High Magnetic Field Laboratory of the Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China

The binary pnictide semimetals have attracted considerable attention due to their fantastic physical properties that include topological effects, negative magnetoresistance, Weyl fermions, and large non-saturation magnetoresistance. In this paper, we have successfully grown the high-quality V_(1-δ)Sb_(2) single crystals by Sb flux method and investigated their electronic transport properties. A large positive magnetoresistance that reaches 477% under a magnetic field of 12 T at T = 1.8 K was observed. Notably, the magnetoresistance showed a cusp-like feature at the low magnetic fields and such feature weakened gradually as the temperature increased, which indicated the presence of a weak antilocalization effect(WAL). In addition, based upon the experimental and theoretical band structure calculations, V_(1-δ)Sb_(2) is a research candidate for a flat band.

关键词： binary pnictide semimetals vanadium vacancy flat band weak anti-localization

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高效液相色谱双波长检测法测定维C银翘片中4种组分的含量

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色谱 2010年第2期28卷 204-208页

作者：董丽孙祥德李琴新乡医学院河南新乡453003

建立了高效液相色谱测定维C银翘片中维生素C、对乙酰氨基酚、马来酸氯苯那敏和绿原酸4种组分含量的方法。研究优化了样品提取的溶剂与超声提取条件、色谱分离条件和检测波长等,采用了SinochromODS-BP(4.6mm×200mm,5μm)色谱柱,以0.05mo... 详细信息

建立了高效液相色谱测定维C银翘片中维生素C、对乙酰氨基酚、马来酸氯苯那敏和绿原酸4种组分含量的方法。研究优化了样品提取的溶剂与超声提取条件、色谱分离条件和检测波长等,采用了SinochromODS-BP(4.6mm×200mm,5μm)色谱柱,以0.05mol/LKH2PO4(pH3.0,含1%三乙胺)-乙腈(75:25,v/v)为流动相,双检测波长260nm和326nm等分离检测条件。结果表明,维生素C、对乙酰氨基酚、马来酸氯苯那敏和绿原酸的测定线性范围均比较宽,方法平均回收率大于99.4%,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于1.8%(n=5),而且测定方法快速、简便、准确,非常适合维C银翘片类药物的质量控制。

关键词：高效液相色谱法双检测波长维生素C 对乙酰氨基酚马来酸氯苯那敏绿原酸维C银翘片

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饮水添加复合益生菌对肉鸡生产性能和养分利用率的影响

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中国饲料 2023年第12期 22-27页

作者：戚营营侯嘉柘丽 YAQOOB MUHAMMAD UMAR 吴鹏朱相德李浙烽康德权包膜饲料添加剂省级重点农业企业研究院杭州康德权饲料有限公司浙江杭州311112 浙江大学动物科技学院浙江杭州310058

文章旨在研究饮水添加复合益生菌(嗜乳酸杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌粉状混合物)对肉鸡生产性能和养分利用率的影响。试验选用120000只1日龄AA肉鸡,按照体重无差异原则随机分成2个处理,每个处理3个重复,每个重复20000只鸡。对照组饮水中未添加... 详细信息

文章旨在研究饮水添加复合益生菌(嗜乳酸杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌粉状混合物)对肉鸡生产性能和养分利用率的影响。试验选用120000只1日龄AA肉鸡,按照体重无差异原则随机分成2个处理,每个处理3个重复,每个重复20000只鸡。对照组饮水中未添加复合益生菌,试验组每吨水添加250 g复合益生菌。对照组和试验组饲喂相同未添加复合益生菌的日粮。饲养为期40 d,其中试验期10 d(肉鸡17~27日龄饮水添加复合益生菌)。结果表明:(1)与对照组相比,复合益生菌组肉鸡的料重比显著降低(P<0.05),死淘率有降低的趋势(P=0.07)。(2)与对照组相比,复合益生菌组肉鸡的粗蛋白消化率、粗蛋白质含量以及日均可利用粗蛋白质摄入量均显著提高(P<0.05)。(3)试验期间,与对照组相比,复合益生菌组的欧洲效益指数提高13,每只肉鸡的毛利润提高0.48元,投入产出比为1∶24。综上所述,饮水添加250 g/t嗜酸乳杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌复合益生菌制剂能提高肉鸡的生产性能和养分利用率,增加经济效益。

关键词：复合益生菌肉鸡生产性能养分利用率经济效益

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2020年春节前后京津冀“低排放”重污染事件

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科学通报 2022年第28期67卷 3439-3451页

作者：蔡雯悦徐祥德孙劭陈逸骁朱文会徐金霞李欣邱新法中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室北京100081 国家气候中心北京100081 北京应用气象研究所北京100029 四川省气候中心成都610072 浙江省金华生态环境监测中心金华321000 南京信息工程大学应用气象学院南京210044

以2020年春节和新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情管控期间京津冀地区连续发生的两次持续性重污染天气过程为对象,探讨持续减排和较低社会活动水平背景下,持续性重污染天气形成和维持的原因,并在综合诊断分析的基础上,通过标准化多元线性... 详细信息

以2020年春节和新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情管控期间京津冀地区连续发生的两次持续性重污染天气过程为对象,探讨持续减排和较低社会活动水平背景下,持续性重污染天气形成和维持的原因,并在综合诊断分析的基础上,通过标准化多元线性回归的方法量化了各关键气象因子对京津冀持续性重污染天气的相对贡献。研究表明,低层东部沿海高压稳定维持使近地面持续异常高湿和高层异常阻塞高压系统停滞是诱发京津冀污染天气持续的两个关键气象影响因子;持续且稳定的偏东和偏南异常水汽输送结构为京津冀区域源源不断地提供了比以往更多的水汽,有利于气溶胶吸湿增长;尤其在高层异常阻塞高压系统停滞的背景下,受其下沉增温效应影响更易于对流层中部“暖盖”结构的形成,构成有利于污染物累积的高湿静稳天气条件,从而驱动污染天气发展与维持;京津冀2020年春节前后两次持续性重污染天气过程中阻塞高压系统与异常水汽输送这两个关键气象因子协同作用相对贡献率可达46.8%.

关键词：低排放持续性重污染天气阻塞结构水汽输送京津冀

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