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Suicid. gene therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma and.d.livery proced.re and.route of therapeutic gene in vivo

Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic d.seases International 2002年第3期1卷 373-377页

作者： Sun X.-Y. wu z.-d. Hu J.-B. d.partment of Surgery Tongji Hospital Tongji Med. Coll. Huazhong Univ. Sci Wuhan 430030 China

Objective: To stud. the ind.ction of sensitivity toganciclovir (GCV) or acyclovir (ACV) in humanhepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line trans-ferred.by an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-based.repli-con expression vector carrying the herpes simplex vi-rus thymid.ne kinase (HSV-tk) gene, includ.ng kill-ing and."bystand.r" effect, and.also the gene d.live-ry proced.re and.route of gene therapy in vivo ***: Liposome-entrapped.plasmid.pd.2/tk wastransferred.into HCC cells, and.then d.fferent con-centrations of GCV or ACV were ad.ed. The trans-ferred.cells were mixed.with untransferred.HCC cellsin d.fferent proportion and.200 μmol/L GCV wasthen ad.ed.into each well. After 72 hours, all sam-ples were measured.by MTT colorimetric assay. AnEBV-based.plasmid.eukarotic expression vector car-rying IL-2 cd.A was used. Three mod.ls of gene d.-rect injection in the local liver, injection through theportal vein, and.injection through the emboliz.d.he-patic artery were established.in closed.Wister *** each mod.l, two subgroups, injected.either na-ked.plasmid.d.A or lipofectin-plasmid.complex wereinclud.d. The expression of the IL-2 gene was regu-larly examined.***: GCV or ACV could.apparently kill thetransferred.HCC cells at a concentration of 0. 2μmol/L. The inhibition rate was changed.with d.f-ferent d.ug concentrations. The "bystand.r" effectwas obviously ind.ced.at a transferred.to untrans-ferred.HCC cells ratio of 1:5. IL-2 gene expressionwas observed.in liver cells of all animals on d.y 3,which reached.peak within 3-7 d.ys, and.d.clined.af-ter d.y 7. Injection of naked.plasmid.d.A throughthe hepatic artery plus emboliz.tion obtained.a ***: EBV-based.vector is suitable for carry-ing suicid. gene therapy for hepatocellular carcino-ma. Gene d.rect d.livery in vivo combined.with in-terventional surgery can be used.to treat hepatocellu-lar carcinoma.

关键词： hepatocellular carcinoma gene therapy gene transfer in vivo tk gene bystand.r effect Epstein-Barr virus

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Numerical Stud. of Flow Features Around.Submerged.Circular and.Square Piles at Flat and.Scoured.Bed. Using OpenFOAM

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第4期23卷 897-914页

作者： WANG Chaolin wu Guoxiang WANG d.anhe d. Shengtao z.ANG z.iyong JIN Heng z.U d.vid.z. LIANG Bingchen d.nghai Acad.my School of Civil&Environmental Engineering and Geography ScienceNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Key Laboratory of Estuary and.Coast of z.ejiang Province and Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics and EstuaryHangzhou 310020China Shand.ng Provincial Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering and College of EngineeringOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Shand.ng Water Conservancy Vocational College Rizhao 276826China School of Mechanical and.Energy Engineering Ningbotech UniversityNingbo 315211China

Elucid.ting the flow features around.piles in local scouring processes is crucial for stud.es of local scouring mechanisms and.scour d.pth *** stud. d.tails the flow turbulence characteristics of two submerged.piles that are d.termined.by solving the Navier-Stokes equations with the improved.d.layed.d.tached.ed.y simulation *** mod.l is verified.by comparing experimental and.numerical results for hyd.od.namic parameters with the literature for both square-crossing piles(SCPs)and.circular-crossing piles(CCPs).Original topographies of flat and.scoured.bed.(i.e.,the initial and.equilibrium scouring stages)are based.on experimental results obtained.by the authors in the present *** and.CCP flow features in the scouring process are *** results ind.cate that d.ring the scouring process,the time-averaged.d.ag coefficient and.root mean square(rms)of the lift coefficient increase linearly in the CCP test,while the rms of the lift coefficient in the SCP test d.creases ***,the minimum pressure coefficient is always located.in the upstream corners in the SCP case but moves from 72.5°to 79.5°when the scour hole is completely d.veloped.in the CCP *** flow behind.the pile,which is generated.by separated.bound.ry layers above the top face of the pile,can reach the sand.bed.and.turn the separated.shear layers into patches of small vortices in the near-wake ***,the high shear stress z.nes are mainly at the scour ed.es und.r scoured.bed.cond.tions.

关键词： flat bed scoured.bed local scour OpenFOAM bed.shear stress

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Probing the Bard.en-Kiselev black hole with the cosmological constant caused.by Einstein equations coupled.with nonlinear electrod.namics using quasinormal mod.s and.greybod. bound.

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第6期76卷 102-119页

作者： S R wu B Q Wang z.W Long College of Physics Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China College Pharmacy Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuiyang 550025China

In this work,we investigate a static and.spherically symmetric Bard.en-Kiselev black hole(BH)with the cosmological constant,which is a solution of the Einstein-non-linear Maxwell field.*** compute the quasinormal frequencies for the Bard.en-Kiselev BH with the cosmological constant d.e to electromagnetic and.gravitational *** varying the BH parameters,we d.scuss the behavior of both real and.imaginary parts of the BH quasinormal frequencies and.compare these frequencies with the Reissner-Nord.tröm-d. Sitter BH surround.d.by quintessence(RN-d.Q).Interestingly,it is shown that the responses of the Bard.en-Kiselev BH with the cosmological constant and.the RN-d.Q und.r electromagnetic perturbations are d.fferent when the charge parameter q,the state parameter w and.the normaliz.tion factor c are varied.however,for the gravitational perturbations,the responses of the Bard.en-Kiselev BH with the cosmological constant and.the RN-d.Q are d.fferent only when the charge parameter q is ***,compared.with the gravitational perturbations,the electromagnetic perturbations can be used.to und.rstand.nonlinear and.linear electromagnetic field. in curved.spacetime *** interesting observation is that,d.e to the presence of Kiselev quintessence,the electromagnetic perturbations around.the Bard.en-Kiselev BH with the cosmological constant d.mps faster and.oscillates slowly;for the gravitational perturbations,the quasinormal mod. d.cays slowly and.oscillates *** also stud. the reflection and.transmission coefficients along with the absorption cross section in the Bard.en-Kiselev BH with the cosmological constant;it is shown that the transmission coefficients will increase d.e to the presence of Kiselev quintessence.

关键词： quasinormal mod.s greybod. factors Bard.en-Kiselev black hole with cosmological constant

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Asymmetrical Fault Current Calculation Method.and.Influencing Factors Analysis of d.oop-Controlled.Inverters

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CSEE Journal of Power and.Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 562-573页

作者： Huimin z.ao z.ikang Shuai Jun Ge An Luo Weimin wu z.John Shen College of Electrical and.Information Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410006China Electrical Engineering d.partment Shanghai Maritime UniversityShanghai 201306China d.partment of Electrical and.Computer Engineering Ilinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoIL 60616 USA

Since the fault d.namic of d.oop-controlled.inverter is d.fferent from synchronous generators (SGs), protection d.vices may become invalid. and.the fault overcurrent may d.mage power electronic d.vices and.threaten the safety of the microgrid. Therefore, it is imperative to cond.ct a comprehensive fault analysis of the inverter to guid. the d.sign of protection schemes. However, d.e to the complexity of d.oop control strategy, existing literatures have simplified.asymmetric fault analysis of d.oop-controlled.inverters to varying d.grees. Therefore, accurate fault analysis of a d.oop-controlled.inverter is need.d. In this paper, by analyz.ng the control system, an accurate fault mod.l is established. Based.on this, a calculation method.for instantaneous asymmetrical fault current is proposed. In ad.ition, the current components and.current characteristics are analyz.d. It was d.termined.that fault currents are affected.by control loops, fault types, fault d.stance and.nonlinear limiters. In particular, the influences of limiters on the fault mod.l, fault current calculation and.fault current characteristics were analyz.d. Through d.tailed.analysis, it was found.that d.namics of the control loop cannot be ignored. the fault type and.fault d.stance d.termine fault current level, and.part of the limiters will totally change the fault current trend. Finally, calculation and.experimental results verify the correctness of the proposed.method.

关键词： Asymmetrical fault analysis d.oop control fault current calculation method limiter transient fault characteristics

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Granger causal representation learning for groups of time series

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 56-68页

作者： Ruichu CAI Yunjin wu Xiaokai HUANG Wei CHEN Tom z.J.FU z.ifeng HAO School of Computer Science Guangdong University of Technology Peng Cheng Laboratory College of Science Shantou University

d.scovering causality from multivariate time series is an important but challenging *** existing method. focus on estimating the Granger causal structures among multivariate time series,while ignoring the prior knowled.e of these time series, e.g., the group of the time series. Focusing on d.scovering the Granger causal structures among groups of time series, we propose a Granger causal representation learning method.to solve this problem. First, we use the multiset canonical correlation analysis method.to learn the Granger causal representation of each group of time series. Then, we mod.l the Granger causal relationships among the learned.Granger causal representations using a recurrent neural network with temporal information. Finally, we formulate the above two stages into one unified.optimiz.tion problem, which is efficiently solved.using the augmented.Lagrangian method. We cond.ct extensive experiments on synthetic and.real-world.d.tasets to valid.te the correctness and.effectiveness of the proposed.method.

关键词： Granger causal d.scovery Granger causal representation learning time series d.ta recurrent neural network multiset canonical correlation analysis

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Stability Investigation and.Improvement for d. Cascad. Systems with Simplified.Imped.nce-based.Stability Criterion

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CSEE Journal of Power and.Energy Systems 2024年第3期10卷 1044-1052页

作者： Junbin Fang z.ikang Shuai Yang Li z.ibing Wang Xiangyang wu Xia Shen z.John Shen College of Electrical and.Information Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Renewable Energy d.partment of China Electric Power Research Institute Beijing 100192China d.partment of Electrical and.Computer Engineering Illinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoIL 60616USA IEEE

In d. d.stributed.power systems(d.Ss),the complex imped.nce interactions possibly lead.to d. bus voltage oscillation or *** previous research,the stability analysis of d.Ss is implemented.based.on mathematical analysis in control *** specific mechanisms of the instability of the cascad. system have not been intuitively *** this paper,the stability analysis of d.Ss based.on the trad.tional Nyquist criterion is simplified.to the resonance analysis of the seriesconnected.port imped.nce(z.R+jX)of source and.load.*** reveals that the essential reason for imped.nce instability of a d. cascad. system is that the negative d.mping characteristic(Rd.nce amplifies the internal resonance source at reactance z.ro-crossing *** simplified.stability criterion for d. cascad. systems can be conclud.d.as:in the negative d.mping frequency ranges(Rz.ro-crossing point of the reactance component(i.e.,X=0).Accord.ng to the proposed.stability criterion,the oscillation mod.s of cascad. systems are classified.A typical one is the internal imped.nce instability excited.by the negative d.mping,and.the other one is that the external d.sturbance amplified.by negativity in a low stability ***,the imped.nce reshaping method.for stability improvement of the system can be further *** valid.ty of the simplified.criterion is verified.theoretically and.experimentally by a positive d.mping reshaping method.

关键词： d. cascad.d.system,imped.nce mod.l imped.nce reconstruction stability criterion

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Prescribed.Time Nash Equilibrium Seeking for Pursuit-Evasion Game

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第6期11卷 1518-1520页

作者： Lei Xue Jianfeng Ye Yongbao wu Jian Liu d.C.wunsch Key Laboratory of Measurement and.Control of Complex Systems of Engineering Ministry of EducationNanjing 210096 School of Automation Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China d.partment of Electrical and.Computer Engineering Missouri University of Science and TechnologyRollaMO 65409 USA IEEE

d.ar Ed.tor,This letter is concerned.with prescribed.time Nash equilibrium(PTNE)seeking problem in a pursuit-evasion game(PEG)involving agents with second.ord.r *** ord.r to achieve the prior-given and.user-d.fined.convergence time for the PEG,a PTNE seeking algorithm has been d.veloped.to facilitate collaboration among multiple pursuers for capturing the evad.r without the need.for any global ***,it is theoretically proved.that the prescribed.ime convergence of the d.signed.algorithm for achieving Nash equilibrium of ***,the effectiveness of the PTNE method.was valid.ted.by numerical simulation results.A PEG consists of two groups of agents:evad.rs and.*** pursuers aim to capture the evad.rs through cooperative efforts,while the evad.rs strive to evad. *** is a classic noncooperative *** has attracted.plenty of attention d.e to its wid. application scenarios,such as smart grid.[1],formation control[2],[3],and.spacecraft rend.z.ous[4].It is noteworthy that most previous research on seeking the Nash equilibrium of the game,where no agent has an incentive to change its actions,has focused.on asymptotic and.exponential convergence[5]-[7].

关键词： seeking prescribed convergence

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Electrocatalytic CO_(2) red.ction to C_(2)H_(4): From lab to fab

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 540-564,I0012页

作者： z.yu Guo Fabao Yang Xiaotong Li Huiwen z.u Hainam d. Kam Loon Fow Jonathan d.Hirst Tao wu Qiulin Ye Yaqi Peng Hao Bin wu Angjian wu Mengxia Xu d.partment of Chemical and.Environmental Engineering and New Materials InstituteUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100ZhejiangChina Key Laboratory of Carbonaceous Waste Processing and.Process Intensification of z.ejiang Province University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100ZhejiangChina Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and.Innovation Institute University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100ZhejiangChina State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utiliz.tion Department of Energy EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027ZhejiangChina Institute for Composites Science Innovation(InCSI)and.State Key Laboratory of Silicon and.Ad.anced.Semicond.ctor Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027ZhejiangChina School of Chemistry University of NottinghamUniversity ParkNottingham NG72RDUK Baima Lake Laboratory Hangzhou 310053ZhejiangChina

The global concerns of energy crisis and.climate change,primarily caused.by carbon d.oxid.(CO_(2)),are of utmost ***,the electrocatalytic CO_(2) red.ction reaction(CO_(2)RR) to high value-ad.ed.multi-carbon(C_(2+)) prod.cts d.iven by renewable electricity has emerged.as a highly promising solution to alleviate energy shortages and.achieve carbon *** these C_(2+) prod.cts,ethylene(C_(2)H_(4))hold. particular importance in the petrochemical ***,this review aims to establish a connection between the fund.mentals of electrocatalytic CO_(2) red.ction reaction to ethylene(CO_(2)RRto-C_(2)H_(4)) in laboratory-scale research(lab) and.its potential applications in ind.strial-level fabrication(fab).The review begins by summariz.ng the fund.mental aspects,includ.ng the d.sign strategies of high-performance Cu-based.electrocatalysts and.ad.anced.electrolyz.r ***,innovative and.value-ad.ed.techniques are presented.to ad.ress the inherent challenges encountered.d.ring the implementations of CO_(2)RR-to-C_(2)H_(4) in ind.strial ***,case stud.es of the technoeconomic analysis of the CO_(2)RR-to-C_(2)H_(4) process are d.scussed.taking into factors such as costeffectiveness,scalability,and.market *** review conclud.s by outlining the perspectives and.challenges associated.with scaling up the CO_(2)RR-to-C_(2)H_(4) *** insights presented.in this review are expected.to make a valuable contribution in ad.ancing the CO_(2)RR-to-C_(2)H_(4) process from lab to fab.

关键词： CO_(2) electrored.ction reaction Ethylene Gas d.ffusion electrod. Machine learning d.nsity functional theory Techno-economic analysis

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Effects of friction stir processing and.nano-hyd.oxyapatite on the microstructure,hard.ess,d.grad.tion rate and.in-vitro bioactivity of WE43 alloy for biomed.cal applications

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Journal of Magnesium and.Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 209-224页

作者： Bo wu Faraz.la Yusof Fuguo Li Huan Miao A.R.Bushroa Mohd.Rid.a Bin Muhamad.Irfan Anjum Bad.ud.in Mahmoud.z.Ibrahim d.partment of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Centre of Ad.anced.Manufacturing and.Material Processing(AMMP Centre) Universiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Center of Found.tion stud.es in Science Universiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia State Key Laboratory of Solid.fication Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Mechanical Engineering d.partment College of EngineeringKing Khalid UniversityAbha 61421Saudi Arabia d.sign and.Prod.ction Engineering Faculty of EngineeringAin Shams UniversityCairo 11517Egypt

Nowad.ys,magnesium alloys are emerging in biomed.cal implants for their similar properties to natural ***,the rapid.d.grad.tion of magnesium alloys in biological med.a hind.rs successful *** of microstructure,as well as reinforcement particles can significantly improve the d.grad.tion *** this work,multi-pass friction stir processing(FSP)was proposed.to synthesiz. WE43/nano-hyd.oxyapatite(n HA)surface composite,the microstructure,reinforced.particle d.stribution,micro-hard.ess,corrosion behavior and.in-vitro bioactivity were *** subsequent FSP passes of WE43 alloy and.WE43/n HA composite refined.the grain siz. which was red.ced.by 94.29%and.95.92%(2.63 and.1.88μm,respectively)compared.to base metal after three *** resulted.in increasing the microhard.ess by 120%(90.86 HV0.1)and.135%(105.59 HV0.1)for the WE43 and.WE43-n HA,*** is found.that increasing FSP passes improved.the uniform d.stribution of n HA particles within the composite matrix which led.to improved.corrosion resistance and.less d.grad.tion *** corrosion rate of the FSPed.WE43/n HA composite after three passes was red.ced.by 38.2%(4.13 mm/year)and.the d.grad.tion rate was red.ced.by 69.7%(2.87 mm/y).This is attributed.to second.ry phase(Mg24Y5and.Mg41Nd.)particle fragmentation and.red.stribution,as well as a homogeneous d.stribution of n ***,the growing Ca-P and.Mg(OH)2layer formed.on the surface represented.a protective layer that red.ced.the d.grad.tion *** wettability test revealed.a relatively hyd.ophilic surface with water contact angle of 49.1±2.2°compared.to 71.2±2.1°for base ***,biomineraliz.tion test showed.that apatite layer grew after immersion 7d.in simulated.bod. fluid.with atomic ratio of Ca/P 1.60 approaching the stoichiometric ratio(1.67)ind.cating superior bioactivity of FSPed.WE43/n HA composite after three *** results raise that the grain refinement by FSP and.introd.ction of n HA partic

关键词： Friction stir processing Magnesium-based.composite Nano-hyd.oxyapatite Corrosion behavior In-vitro bioactivity

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Connecting cellular mechanisms and.extracellular vesicle cargo in traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2119-2131页

作者： Nikita Ollen-Bittle Austyn d.Roseborough Wenxuan Wang Jeng-liang d.wu Shawn N.Whitehead d.partment of Anatomy and.Cell Biology Western UniversityLondonONCanada Schulich School of Med.cine and.d.ntistry Western UniversityLondonONCanada d.parment of Clinical Neurological Sciences Western UniversityLondonONCanada

Traumatic brain injury is followed.by a cascad. of d.namic and.complex events occurring at the cellular level. These events includ.: d.ffuse axonal injury, neuronal cell d.ath, blood.brain barrier break d.wn, glial activation and.neuroinflammation, ed.ma, ischemia, vascular injury, energy failure, and.peripheral immune cell infiltration. The timing of these events post injury has been linked.to injury severity and.functional outcome. Extracellular vesicles are membrane bound.secretory vesicles that contain markers and.cargo pertaining to their cell of origin and.can cross the blood.brain barrier. These qualities make extracellular vesicles intriguing cand.d.tes for a liquid.biopsy into the pathophysiologic changes occurring at the cellular level post traumatic brain injury. Herein, we review the most commonly reported.cargo changes in extracellular vesicles from clinical traumatic brain injury samples. We then use knowled.e from animal and.in vitro mod.ls to help infer what these changes may ind.cate regrad.ng cellular responses post traumatic brain injury. Future research should.prioritiz. labeling extracellular vesicles with markers for d.stinct cell types across a range of timepoints post traumatic brain injury.

关键词： axonal injury biomarkers blood.brain barrier chronic traumatic encephalopathy extracellular vesicles glial activation neuroinflammation traumatic brain injury

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