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Tra.smission restriction a.d genomic evolution co-sha.e the genetic diversity pa.terns of influenza.a.virus

Virologica.Sinica 2024年第4期39卷 525-536页

作者： Ding X. Liu J. Jia.g T. wu a. Sta.e Key La.ora.ory of Common Mecha.ism Resea.ch for Ma.or Disea.es Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Suzhou 215123 China Key La.ora.ory of Pa.hogen Infection Prevention a.d Control (Peking Union Medica. College) Ministry of Education Beijing 100730 China Gua.gzhou Na.iona. La.ora.ory Guangzhou 510006 China Sta.e Key La.ora.ory of Respira.ory Disea.e The Key Laboratory of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou 510030 China

Influenza.a.virus (Ia.) shows a. extensive host ra.ge a.d ra.id genomic va.ia.ions, lea.ing to continuous emergence of novel viruses with significa.t a.tigenic va.ia.ions a.d the potentia. for cross-species tra.smission. This ca.ses globa. pa.demics a.d sea.ona. flu outbrea.s, posing susta.ned threa.s worldwide. Thus, studying a.l Ia.s' evolutiona.y pa.terns a.d underlying mecha.isms is crucia. for effective prevention a.d control. We developed FluTyping to identify Ia. genotypes, to explore overa.l genetic diversity pa.terns a.d their restriction fa.tors. FluTyping groups isola.es ba.ed on genetic dista.ce a.d phylogenetic rela.ionships using whole genomes, ena.ling identifica.ion of ea.h isola.e's genotype. Three distinct genetic diversity pa.terns were observed: one genotype domina.ion pa.tern comprising only H1N1 a.d H3N2 sea.ona. influenza.subtypes, multi-genotypes co-circula.ion pa.tern including ma.ority a.ia. influenza.subtypes a.d swine influenza.H1N2, a.d hybrid-circula.ion pa.tern involving H7N9 a.d three H5 subtypes of influenza.viruses. Furthermore, the Ia.s in multi-genotypes co-circula.ion pa.tern showed region-specific domina.t genotypes, implying the restriction of virus tra.smission is a.key fa.tor contributing to distinct genetic diversity pa.terns, a.d the genomic evolution underlying different pa.terns wa. more influenced by host-specific fa.tors. In summa.y, a.comprehensive picture of the evolutiona.y pa.terns of overa.l Ia.s is provided by the FluTyping's identified genotypes, offering importa.t theoretica. founda.ions for future prevention a.d control of these viruses. © 2024 The a.thors

关键词： Genetic diversity Genetic pa.tern Genotype Influenza.a.virus Tra.smission

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EFFECTS OF HYDRa.LIC a.D GEOMETRIC Pa.a.ETERS ON DOWNSTREa. Ca.ITY LENGTH OF DISCHa.GE TUNNEL SERVICE Ga.E

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Journa. of Hydrodyna.ics 2009年第6期21卷 774-778页

作者： MOHa.HEGH A College of Wa.er Conserva.cy a.d Hydropower Engineering Hohai University

a.ra.ors on discha.ge tunnel outlets ma. be rega.ded a. a. effective protection a.a.nst ca.ita.ion erosion. The a.r entra.nment of a.ra.ors is governed by a.number of independent pa.a.eters, including the bottom slope of relea.ing free-surfa.e flow tunnel downstrea. of service ga.e, the end top slope of pressure tunnel, the height of step, a.d the Froude number a. ta.e-off. During eight pha.es of experiments, the effects of a.ove-mentioned pa.a.eters were observed on the ca.ity length downstrea. of the fully open opera.ing service ga.e of a.discha.ge tunnel. The results show tha., the bottom slope of relea.ing free-surfa.e flow tunnel ha. obvious effect on the ca.ity length a. well a. the Froude number a. ga.e ta.e-off. The effect of the step height va.ia.ions on the ca.ity length could be considered for higher discha.ges a.d steeper tunnel top slope, pa.ticula.ly in higher discha.ges, resulting in shorter ca.ity length downstrea. of service ga.e.

关键词： ca.ita.ion erosion ca.ity length discha.ge tunnel service ga.e

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PHILO,ON THE EMBa.SY 80:Ca.IGULa.DRESSING a. HEROES

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Journa. of a.cient Civiliza.ions 2000年 69-78页

作者： wu Ya.ge,Victoria.a. Russell theUniversityofMemphis

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Molecula. Ma.ping QTLs for Gel Consistency in Rice

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a.ricultura. Sciences in China 2001年第1期 1-4页

作者： HUa.G Zu-liu Ta. Xue-lin XU Chen-wu Va.a.ichit a. La.ora.ory of Qua.tita.ive Genetics Agricultural College Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 Rice Research Institute Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201 Laboratory of Quantitative Genetics Agricultural College Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 Agricultural Engineering Center Kasetsart University Kamphangsaen Nakorn Pathom 73140 Thailand

a.popula.ion of 152 recombina.t inbred lines (RIIs) derived from a.cross between CT9993, a.ja.onica.rice with ha.d consistency (GC) a.d Khoa.Da.k Ma.i105 (KDML 105 ), a.fa.ous Tha. rice(Oryza.sa.iva.L. ) with medium GC, wa. used for GC qua.tita.ive tra.t loci (QTLs) a.a.ysis. Three linka.e ma.s were constructed with RFLP, a.LP a.d microsa.ellite (SSLP) ma.kers. The first one consists of 83 RFLP ma.kers with 17.53 cM of a. a.era.e dista.ce between ma.kers. The second one consists of 83 RFLP a.d 69 a.LP ma.kers with 13.22 cM a.era.e dista.ce between ma.kers a.d the third one consists of 83 RFLP, 69 a.LP a.d 15 SSLP ma.kers, a.d ha. a. a.era.e dista.ce of 12.98 cM between ma.kers. Ba.ed on these three ma.s, QTLs conferring GC were a.a.yzed. The results show tha. GC is ma.nly controlled by two linked loci,which a.e loca.ed a. the two fla.ks of RFLP ma.ker R2170 on chromosome 3. The dista.ce between the two linked QTLs is 25 cM a.d the two QTLs were determined by a.LOD scores la.ger tha. 16.0. The number of minor QTIs controlling GC va.ies from 4- 9 in the three different linka.e ma.s.

关键词： Rice qua.ity Gel consistency (GC) Qua.tita.ive tra.t locus (QIL) Gene ma.ping Linka.e ma.

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Ba.listic performa.ces of the hourgla.s la.tice sa.dwich structures under high-velocity fra.ments

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 312-325页

作者： He-xia.g wu Jia.Qu Lin-zhi wu Key La.ora.ory of a.va.ced Ship Ma.eria.s a.d Mecha.ics College of Aerospace and Civil EngineeringHarbin Engineering UniversityHarbin150001China School of Civil Engineering Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin150040China

In this pa.er,the numerica. simula.ion method is used to study the ba.listic performa.ces of hourgla.s la.tice sa.dwich structures with the sa.e ma.s under the vertica. incidence of *** is pa.d to elucida.ing the influences of rod cross-section dimensions,structure height,structure la.er,a.d rod inclina.ion a.gle on the deforma.ion mode,ba.listic performa.ces,a.d a.ility to cha.ge the ba.listic direction of *** results show tha. the ba.listic performa.ces of hourgla.s la.tice sa.dwich structures a.e ma.nly a.fected by their structura. *** this respect,structura. pa.a.eters optimiza.ion of the hourgla.s la.tice sa.dwich structures ena.le one to effectively improve their ba.listic limit velocity a.d,consequently,ba.listic performa.ces.

关键词： Hourgla.s la.tice sa.dwich structures Ba.listic performa.ces high-velocity Finite element a.a.ysis

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Resilience-incorpora.ed seismic risk a.sessment of preca.t concrete fra.es with“dry”connections

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Ea.thqua.e Engineering a.d Engineering Vibra.ion 2024年第2期23卷 403-425页

作者： wu Chenha. Ta.g Yuchua. Ca. Xuya.g wu Ga.g Key La.ora.ory of Concrete a.d Prestressed Concrete Structures of the Ministry of Educa.ion Nanjing 211102China Depa.tment of Civil a.d Environmenta. Engineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA School of Civil Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 211102China College of Civil a.d Tra.sporta.ion Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210024China

a.resilience-incorpora.ed risk a.sessment fra.ework is proposed a.d demonstra.ed in this study to ma.ifest the a.va.ta.eous seismic resilience of preca.t concrete fra.e(PCF)structures with“dry”connections in terms of their low da.a.e a.d ra.id *** fra.ework integra.es va.ious uncerta.nties in the seismic ha.a.d,fra.ility,ca.a.ity,dema.d,loss functions,a.d post-ea.thqua.e *** this study,the PCF structures a.e distinguished from ordina.y reinforced concrete fra.e(RCF)structures by cha.a.terizing multiple limit sta.es for the PCF ba.ed on its unique da.a.e ***,proba.ilistic story-wise pushover a.a.yses a.e performed to yield story-wise ca.a.ities for the predefined limit *** the seismic resilience a.a.ysis,a.step-wise recovery model is proposed to idea.ize the functiona.ity recovery process,with sepa.a.e considera.ions of the repa.r a.d non-repa.r *** recovery model levera.es the economic loss a.d downtime to delinea.e the stocha.tic post-ea.thqua.e recovery curves for the resilience loss *** such,contingencies in the proba.ilistic post-ea.thqua.e repa.rs a.e incorpora.ed a.d the empirica. judgments on the recovery pa.a.eters a.e la.gely *** proposed fra.ework is demonstra.ed through a.compa.a.ive study between two“dry”connected PCFs a.d one RCF designed a. a.terna.ive structura. systems for a.prototype *** results from the risk qua.tifica.ion indica.e tha. the PCFs show reduced loss ha.a.ds a.d lower expected losses rela.ive to the ***,the PCF equipped with energy dissipa.ion devices a. the“dry”connections la.gely reduces the expected economic loss,downtime,a.d resilience loss by 29%,56%,a.d 60%,respectively,compa.ed to the RCF.

关键词： preca.t concrete fra.e non-emula.ive preca.t system seismic resilience seismic risk functiona. recovery

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New findings on the influence of El Nino events on tropica. cyclone forma.ion

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Science China.Ea.th Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 892-893页

作者： Ligua.g wu Depa.tment of a.mospheric a.d Ocea.ic Sciences Institute of Atmospheric SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China

Tropica. cyclones typica.ly form over wa.m tropica. a.d subtropica. ocea. surfa.es, a. their forma.ion a.d intensifica.ion rely prima.ily on the energy provided by the ocea.. Pioneering resea.ch by Gra. (1968) revea.ed tha. the forma.ion of tropica. cyclones requires the sea.surfa.e tempera.ure (SST) to be no less tha. 26.5℃. Consequently, SST is commonly recognized a. a.crucia. pa.a.eter a.ong the environmenta. fa.tors influencing tropica. cyclone forma.ion(Gra., 1979;Ema.uel a.d Nola., 2004).

关键词： tropica. cyclone ocea.

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Two-dimensiona. semiconductor heterostructures for photoca.a.ytic CO_(2)conversion

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Science China.Chemistry 2024年第8期67卷 2434-2447页

作者： Ya.g wu Mingyu wu Yongfu Sun Yi Xie Hefei Na.iona. Resea.ch Center for Physica. Sciences a. Microsca.e University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

The CO_(2)reduction into ca.bon-conta.ned fuel via.sola. energy offers the powerful tools to rea.ize the zero-emission ca.bon *** to the intriguing fea.ures of the two-dimensiona.(2D)heterostructures,it is susceptible to modula.e the electronic structure a. well a. the surfa.e geometry for optimizing the photoca.a.ytic CO_(2)*** this perspective,we surveyed the funda.enta. insights of 2D semiconductor heterostructures,involving the fa.rica.ion stra.egies a.d cla.sifica.ion of the 2D semiconductor ***,we ha.e deta.lly discussed the overview of 2D semiconductor heterostructure for optimizing CO_(2)photoca.a.ytic influenced fa.tors,including the sola. energy utiliza.ion,photogenera.ed ca.riers sepa.a.ion,a.d redox rea.tion ***,we showed the significa.t a.va.ta.es of 2D heterostructures in eleva.ing CO_(2)photoreduction performa.ce,focusing on a.tivity,selectivity a.d *** a.a.yzing the limita.ions a.d developments,we ended by putting forwa.d insights into the further resea.ches a.out the CO_(2)photoca.a.ysts a.d rea.tor design,even industria. a.plica.ions.

关键词： two-dimensiona. semiconductor heterostructures photoca.a.ysis CO_(2)conversion

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Ra.iona. surfa.e cha.ge engineering of ha.oa.ka.e deha.ogena.e for boosting the enzyma.ic performa.ce in orga.ic solvent solutions

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Chinese Journa. of Chemica. Engineering 2024年第1期65卷 276-285页

作者： Yin wu Ya. Sun Depa.tment of Biochemica. Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and Technology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering and Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology(Ministry of Education)Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

Bioca.a.ysis in orga.ic solvents(OSs)ha. numerous importa.t a.plica.ions,but na.ive enzymes in OSs often exhibit limited ca.a.ytic ***,we proposed a.computa.ion-a.ded surfa.e cha.ge engineering stra.egy to improve the ca.a.ytic performa.ce of ha.oa.ka.e deha.ogena.e Dha. in OSs ba.ed on the energetic a.a.ysis of substra.e binding to the Dha. *** va.ia.ts with enha.ced OS resista.ce were obta.ned by repla.ing nega.ive cha.ged residues on the surfa.e with positive cha.ged residue(a.g).Pa.ticula.ly,a.four-substitution va.ia.t E16R/E93R/E121R/E257R exhibited the best ca.a.ytic performa.ce(five-fold improvement in OS resista.ce a.d seven-fold ha.f-life increa.e in 40%(vol)dimethylsulfoxide).a. a.result,the overa.l ca.a.ytic performa.ce of the va.ia.t could be a. lea.t 26 times higher tha. the wild-type *** spectroscopy a.d molecula. dyna.ics simula.ion studies revea.ed tha. the residue substitution ma.nly enha.ced OS resista.ce from four a.pects:(a.improved the overa.l structura. sta.ility,(b)increa.ed the hydrophobicity of the loca. microenvironment a.ound the ca.a.ytic tria.,(c)enriched the hydrophobic substra.e a.ound the enzyme molecule,a.d(d)lowered the conta.t frequency between OS molecules a.d the ca.a.ytic *** findings va.ida.e tha. computa.iona.ded surfa.e cha.ge engineering is a. effective a.d ingenious ra.iona. stra.egy for ta.loring enzyme performa.ce in OSs.

关键词： Surfa.e cha.ge engineering Orga.ic solvent resista.ce Molecula. dyna.ics simula.ion Ha.oa.ka.e deha.ogena.e

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The Functiona. Redunda.cy of Neddyla.ion E2s a.d E3s in Modula.ing the Fitness of Regula.ory T Cells

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Resea.ch 2024年第2期2023卷 373-387页

作者： Di wu Yi Sun Ca.cer Institute(Key La.ora.ory of Ca.cer Prevention a.d Intervention China National Ministry of Education)of the Second Affiliated Hospital and Institute of Translational MedicineZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310029China Ca.cer Center of Zhejia.g University Hangzhou 310029China Zheja.g Provincia. Clinica. Resea.ch Center for Ca.cer Zhejang ProvinceChina Key La.ora.ory of Molecula. Biology in Medica. Sciences Zhejang ProvinceChina Resea.ch Center for Life Science a.d Huma. Hea.th Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310053China

Neddyla.ion is necessa.y for a.tiva.ion of Cullin-RING liga.es(CRLs),which degra.e va.ious immune regula.ory *** recent study showed tha. while depletion of neddyla.ion E2-E3 pa.r Ube2f-Sa. in regula.ory T(T_(reg))cells ha. no obvious phenotype,the sa.e depletion of either Ube2m or Rbx1 ca.sed infla.ma.ion disorders with different *** these E2s or E3s compensa.e ea.h other in functiona. regula.ions of T_(reg)cells is,however,previously *** this report,we genera.ed Foxp3^(Cre);Ube2m^(fl/fl);Ube2f^(fl/fl)or Foxp3^(Cre);Rbx1^(fl/fl);Sa.^(fl/fl)double-null mice by simulta.eous deletion of both neddyla.ion E2s or E3s in T_(reg)cells,***,Ube2m&Ube2f double-null mice developed much severe a.toimmune phenotypes tha. did Ube2m-null mice,indica.ing tha. Ube2m ma.kedly compensa.es Ube2f in T_(reg)*** minor worsened a.toimmune phenotypes seen a. the very ea.ly sta.e in Rbx1&Sa. double-null tha. Rbx1-null mice is likely due to a.rea.y severe phenotypes of the la.er,indica.ing a.minor compensa.ion of Rbx1 for *** RNa.profiling-ba.ed a.a.yses revea.ed tha. up-a.d down-regula.ions of few signa.ing pa.hwa.s in T_(reg)cells a.e a.socia.ed with the severity of a.toimmune ***,severer infla.ma.ion phenotypes seen in mice with double E3-null tha. with double E2-null T_(reg)cells indica.e a.neddyla.ion-independent mecha.ism of 2 E3s,a.so known to serve a. the RING component of CRLs in regula.ion of T_(reg)cell fitness.

关键词： Foxp3 infla.ma.ion ma.kedly

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