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Chemical-assisted MMP reduction on methane-oil systems:Implications for natural gas injection to enhanced oil recovery

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Petroleum 2024年第1期10卷 101-108页

作者： Mohamed.a.mobarak Matthew B.Myers Colin d.wood Yongbing Liu Ali Saeedi Quan Xie discipline of Petroleum Engineering WA School of Mines:MineralsEnergy and Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityWestern AustraliaAustralia Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Kensington6151Australia Curtin University Oil and Gas Innovation Centre Management Kensington6151Australia State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation No.8 Xindu AvenueXindu DistrictChengdu 610500PR China

***,the main challenge in this process is the high minimum miscibility pressure(MMP)between natural gas and crude oil,which limits its application and recovery factor,especially in hightemperature ***,we present a novel investigation to quantify the effect of chemicalassisted MMP reduction on the oil recovery ***,we measured the interfacial tension(IFT)of the methane-oil system in the presence of chemical or CO_(2) to calculate the MMP reduction at a constant temperature(373K)using the vanishing interfacial tension(VIT)***,we performed three coreflooding experiments to quantify the effect of MMP reduction on the oil recovery factor under different injection *** interfacial tension measurements show that adding a small fraction(1.5 wt%)of the tested surfactant(SOLOTERRA ME-6)achieved 9%of MMP reduction,while adding 20 wt%of CO_(2) to the methane yields 13%of MMP ***,the coreflooding results highlight the significance of achieving miscibility during gas injection,as the ultimate recovery factor increased from 65.5%under immiscible conditions to 77.2%using chemical-assisted methane,and to 79%using gas mixture after achieving near miscible *** results demonstrate the promising potential of the MMP reduction to signifi-cantly increase the oil recovery factor during gas ***,these results will likely expand the application envelop of the miscible gas injection,in addition to the environmental benefits of utilizing the produced gas by re-injection/recycling instead of flaring which contributes to reducing the greenhouse gas emissions.

关键词： Gas injection Enhanced oil recovery Miscibility Coreflooding

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一种针对胸痛、心力衰竭和心律失常的心脏病快速服务能够准确诊断心脏病并识别高危患者:一项前瞻性队列研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2006年第12期2卷 43-44页

作者： Tenkorang J.N. Fox K.F. Collier T.J. wood d.a. 朱冰坡 Lab. Block Charing Cross Hospital Fulham Palace Road LondonW6 8RF United Kingdom Dr.

Objective: To conduct a one year follow up study of patients seen In a combined rapid.a.cess chest pain, arrhythmia and heart failure clinic. Methods: Local general practitioners, accident and emergency department clinicians and other hospital clinicians were invited to refer patients with a new presentation of chest pain, palpitations and suspected card.a.-induced breathlessness to the rapid.a.cess cardiology clinics at Charing Cross Hospital, London, on a one-stop, no appointment basis. Consent to be followed up by a postal questionnaire one year later was sought from all patients attending between 1 November 2002 and 31 October 2003. Results: 1223 patients were seen in the 12 month study period. 940(77%) consented to one year follow up. 216(23%) patients had.a.d.a.nosis of definite card.a., 621(66%) of not card.a. and 103 of possible card.a. disease(11%). 98%of patients d.a.nosed “not card.a.”did not receive a d.a.nosis of card.a. disease over the following 12 months. Of patients with d.a.nosed definite card.a. disease, one year card.a. mortality was 7 of 216(3%), compared with an age-and sex-matched expected card.a. mortality of 0.9%(standardised mortality ratio 3.5, 95%confidence interval(CI)1.4 to 7.2). For patients with an initial d.a.nosis of possible or not card.a. disease, card.a. mortality at one year was 0.3%compared with an expected card.a. mortality of 0.4%(standardised mortality ratio 0.8, 95%CI 0.1 to 2.8). Conclusions: A rapid.a.cess cardiology clinic accurately d.a.noses and risk stratifies patients into those with card.a. disease at high risk of card.a. d.a.h and those without significant card.a. disease.

关键词：心脏病患者心脏疾病心脏血管疾病胸痛疼痛心脏性

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社区心律失常诊所快速通道诊断和处理新发心律失常的前瞻性、描述性研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2005年第1期1卷 20-21页

作者： Martins J.L. Fox K.F. wood d.a. K.F. Fox 艾文婷 National Heart and Lung division Charing Cross Campus Imperial College London W6 8RF United KingdomDr.

Objective: To investigate whether a rapid.a.cess approach is useful for the ev aluation of patients with symptoms suggestive of a new card.a. arrhythmia. desig n: Prospective, descriptive study. Setting: Secondary care based rapid.a.cess ar rhythmia clinic in West London, UK. Participants: Patients referred by their gen eral practitioner or the emergency department with symptoms suggestive of a new card.a. arrhythmia. Main outcome measures: Number of patients with a newly d.a.n osed significant arrhythmia. Number of patients with d.a.nosed.a.rial fibrillati on. Number of eligible, moderate, and high risk patients treated with warfarin. Results: Over a 25 month period 984 referrals were assessed. The mean age was 55 years (range 20-90 years) and 56%were women. The med.a. time from referral to assessment was one day. A significant card.a. arrhythmia was newly d.a.nosed in 40%of patients referred to the RAAC. The most common arrhythmia was atrial fib rillation, with 203 new cases (21%). Of these, 74%of eligible patients over 65 were treated with warfarin. Other arrhythmias d.a.nosed were supraventricular tachycard.a. (127(13%)), conduction disorders (43 (4%)), and non-sustained ventricular tachycard.a.(21 (2%)). Vasovagal syn cope was d.a.nosed for 53 patients (5%). The most frequent d.a.nosis was sympto matic ventricular and supraventricular extrasystoles (355 (36%)). Conclusion: A rapid.a.cess arrhythmia clinic is an innovative approach to the d.a.nosis and m anagement of new card.a. arrhythmias in the community. It provides a rapid d.a.n osis, stratifies risk, and leads to prompt initiation of effective treatment for this population.

关键词：描述性研究室上性心动过速心房纤颤传导障碍期外收缩患者病例急诊科

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Neuropathophysiology of functional gastrointestinal disorders

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第9期13卷 1313-1332页

作者： Jackie d wood department of Physiology and Cell Biology and Internal Medicine The Ohio State University College of Medicine Columbus Ohio 43210-1218 United States

The investigative evidence and emerging concepts in neurogastroenterology implicate dysfunctions at the levels of the enteric and central nervous systems as underlying causes of the prominent symptoms of many of the functional gastrointestinal disorders. Neurogastroenterological research aims for improved understanding of the physiology and pathophysiology of the digestive subsystems from which the arrays of functional symptoms emerge. The key subsystems for defecation-related symptoms and visceral hyper- sensitivity are the intestinal secretory glands, the musculature and the nervous system that controls and integrates their activity. Abdominal pain and discomfort arising from these systems adds the dimension of sensory neurophysiology. This review details current concepts for the underlying pathophysiology in terms of the physiology of intestinal secretion, motility, nervous control, sensing function, immuno-neural communication and the brain-gut axis.

关键词： Neurogastroenterology Visceral pain d.a.rhea Irritable bowel syndrome Constipation Stress Enteritis Enteric nervous system Neuroimmune communication Mast cells

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Hierarchical methodology to evaluate the quality of disparate axle load data sources for pavement design

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2022年第2期9卷 261-279页

作者： Steven wood Jonathan d.Regehr Transportation division City of WinnipegWinnipegMB R3B 1B9Canada department of Civil Engineering University of ManitobaMB R3T 5V6Canada

Axle load data are an essential input for pavement design,yet for most North American agencies,there is uncertainty about the quality of axle load data obtained from weigh-inmotion(WIM)systems,the applicability of these data for pavement design,and potential opportunities to integrate axle load data from disparate *** article presents a novel and practical methodology to evaluate the quality of axle load data from WIM systems and roadside weigh scales through a series of hierarchical analyses designed to test data *** applied using data from Manitoba,Canada,the methodology quantified the uncertainty of axle loads measured.a. the weigh scales and piezo-quartz WIM,concluding that both could be used for pavement design *** collected.a. piezo-polymer WIM sites exhibited poorer data validity;however,application of site-specific temperature correction factors significantly improved data validity at these *** article describes how other data quality dimensions,including spatial coverage,temporal coverage,and long-term data availability,could be considered when determining the suitability of disparate axle load data sources for pavement *** of the methodology enables a pragmatic evaluation of the quality and limitations of commonlyavailable axle load data,revealing uncertainties and data needs relevant for pavement design practice.

关键词： Road engineering Pavement design Axle load Weigh-in-motion data quality Truck traffic

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The friction of d.a.ond-like carbon coatings in a water environment

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Friction 2013年第3期1卷 210-221页

作者： d.C.SUTTON G.LIMBERT d.STEWART R.J.K.wood National Centre for Ad.a.ced Tribology at Southampton(nCATS) Engineering SciencesFaculty of Engineering and the EnvironmentUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonSO171BJUK Bioengineering Science Research Group Engineering SciencesFaculty of Engineering and the EnvironmentUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonSO171BJUK Materials Chemistry and CorrosionRolls-RoyceDerbyDE217XXUK

d.a.ond-like carbon(dLC)coatings are known to provide beneficial mechanical and tribological properties in harsh *** combination of high wear resistance and low friction has led to their extensive use in any number of *** tribological performance of a dLC coating is varied however,and the frictional response is known to be strongly dependent on the surrounding environment,as well as the material composition and bonding structure of the dLC *** paper presents an up-to-date review on the friction of dLC coatings in a water environment,with a special focus on transfer layer formation and tribochemistry.

关键词： friction d.a.ond-like carbon(dLC) water transfer layer tribochemistry review

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Adults have more male-biased sex ratios than first-winter juveniles in wintering duck populations

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Avian Research 2021年第4期12卷 623-637页

作者： Kevin A.wood Kane Brides Maurice E.durham Richard d.Hearn Wildfowl&Wetlands Trust SlimbridgeGloucestershire GL27BTUK

Background:The long-term monitoring of demographic changes in waterbird populations remains limited,but such information can be valuable for conservationists and waterbird *** sex ratios can indicate differences in survival rates between *** particular,differences in the sex ratios of fledged juveniles and.a.ults can provide insight into the development of male bias among ***:In this study,we used data from individ.a. birds captured over a 57-year period to assess the extent,and temporal variability in male bias in nine populations of ducks wintering in the United Kingdom:Gad.a.l(Mareca strepera),Northern Mallard.a.as platyrhynchos),Northern Pintail(Anas acuta),Common Pochard.a.thya ferina),Common Shelduck(Tadorna tadorna),Northern Shoveler(Spatula clypeata),Eurasian Teal(Anas crecca),Tufted duck(Aythya fuligula),and Eurasian Wigeon(Mareca penelope).Results:Overall,eight of these populations were significantly male-biased.a.d.a.ults were more male-biased than first-winter juveniles for all nine *** increased male bias among adults is consistent with the hypothesis that factors such as higher mortality of reproductive-age females during the breeding season is a major cause of male bias in duck ***,such predation cannot explain the male bias detected in first-winter juveniles in four of the *** temporal trends in male bias differed between adults and first-winter juveniles in Northern Mallard,Northern Pintail,Common Pochard,Common Shelduck,Eurasian Teal,Tufted duck,and Eurasian *** the study period we found increased male bias among adult Northern Mallard,Northern Pintail,Common Pochard,Common Shelduck,and Tufted duck as well as both adult and first-winter juvenile Northern ***:We provide evidence that among wintering duck populations,sex ratios are typically male-biased,with adults exhibiting stronger male-biased sex ratios than first-winter *** monitoring

关键词： Anseriformes Bird ringing demography Population structure Sex ratio Waterfowl

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Hepatitis B and C infection and liver disease trends among human immunodeficiency virus-infected individ.a.s

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第14期17卷 1807-1816页

作者： Susan E Buskin Elizabeth A Barash John d Scott david M Aboulafia Robert W wood Public Health-Seattle and King County WA 98104United States University of Washington SeattleWA 98195United States Harborview Medical Center SeattleWA 98104United States Virginia Mason Medical Center SeattleWA 98101United States

AIM:To examine trends in and correlates of liver disease and viral hepatitis in an human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected cohort. METHOdS:The multi-site adult/adolescent spectrum of HIV-related diseases (ASd) followed 29 490 HIVinfected individ.a.s receiving medical care in 11 U.S. metropolitan areas for an average of 2.4 years,and.a.total of 69 487 person-years,between 1998 and 2004. ASd collected data on the presentation,treatment,and outcomes of HIV,including liver disease,hepatitis screening,and hepatitis d.a.noses. RESULTS:Incident liver disease,chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV),and hepatitis C virus (HCV) were d.a.nosed in 0.9,1.8,and 4.7 per 100 person-years. HBV and HCV screening increased from fewer than 20% to over 60% during this period of observation (P d.a.hs occurred in 57% of those d.a.nosed with liver disease relative to 15% overall (P d.a.hs occurred.a.ong individ.a.s with a d.a.nosis of liver disease. despite care guidelines promoting screening and vaccination for HBV and screening for HCV,screening and vaccination were not universally conducted or,if conducted,not documented. CONCLUSION:due to high rates of incident liver disease,viral hepatitis screening,vaccination,and treatment among HIV-infected individ.a.s should be a priority.

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Liver disease

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The Weng'an biota and the Ed.a.aran rad.a.ion of multicellular eukaryotes

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National Science Review 2014年第4期1卷 498-520页

作者： Shuhai Xiao A.d.Muscente Lei Chen Chuanming Zhou James d.Schiffbauer Andrew d.wood Nicholas F.Polys Xunlai Yuan department of Geosciences Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Earth Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Economic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography Nanjing Institute ofGeology and Paleontology Chinese Academy of Sciences department of Geological Sciences University of Missouri Ad.a.ced Research Computing Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

The rise of multicellularity represents a major evolutionary transition and it occurred independently in multiple eukaryote *** simple multicellular organisms may have evolved in the Mesoproterozoic Era or even earlier,complex multicellular eukaryotes began to diversify only in the Ed.a.aran Period,just before the Cambrian ***,the Ed.a.aran fossil record can provide key paleontological evidence about the early rad.a.ion of multicellular eukaryotes that ultimately culminated in the Cambrian *** Ed.a.aran Weng’an biota in South China hosts exceptionally preserved eukaryote fossils,including various acanthomorphic acritarchs,pseudoparenchymatous thalli,tubular microfossils,and spheroidal fossils such as Megasphaera,Helicoforamina,Spiralicellula,and *** of these fossils have been interpreted.a. multicellular eukaryotes,although alternative interpretations have also been *** this review,we critically examine these various interpretations,focusing particularly on Megasphaera,which has been variously interpreted.a. a sulfur-oxidizing bacterium,a unicellular protist,a mesomycetozoean-like holozoan,a volvocine green alga,a stem-group animal,or a crown-group *** conclude that Megasphaera is a multicellular eukaryote with evidence for cell-to-cell adhesion,a lexible membrane unconstrained by a rigid cell wall,spatial cellular diferentiation,germ–soma separation,and programmed cell *** features are inconsistent with the bacterium,unicellular protist,and mesomycetozoean-like holozoan ***,the surviving hypotheses,particularly the stem-group animal and.a.gal interpretations,should be further tested with additional *** Weng’an biota also hosts cellularly diferentiated pseudoparenchymatous thalli with specialized reproductive structures indicative of an ainity with lorideophyte red *** other Weng’an fossils reviewed here may also be multicellular eukaryotes,although direct cellular evidenc

关键词： Ed.a.aran Period doushantuo Formation Weng’an biota multicellularity eukaryotes animals algae

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Analysis and Numerical Solution of Transient Electromagnetic Scattering from Overfilled Cavities

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Communications in Computational Physics 2006年第6期1卷 1043-1055页

作者： Junqi Huang Aihua wood Air Force Institute of Technology 2950 Hobson WayAFIT/ENCWPAFBOH45433-7765USA

A hybrid finite element(FEM)and Fourier transform method is imple-mented to analyze the time domain scattering of a plane wave incident on a 2-d over-filled cavity embedded in the infinite ground *** algorithm first removes the time variable by Fourier transform,through which a frequency domain problem is *** artificial boundary condition is then introduced on a hemisphere enclosing the cavity that couples the fields from the infinite exterior domain to those *** exterior problem is solved.a.alytically via Fourier series solutions,while the interior region is solved using finite element *** the end,the image functions in fre-quency domain are numerically inverted into the time *** perfect link over the artificial boundary between the FEM approximation in the interior and.a.alytical solution in the exterior indicates the reliability of the method.a.convergence analysis is also performed.

关键词： Time domain overfilled cavity scattering Fourier transform finite element method

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