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The Weng'an biota and the Ediacaran radiation of multicellular eukaryotes

The Weng’an biota and the Ediacaran radiation of multicellular eukaryotes

作     者:Shuhai Xiao A.D.Muscente Lei Chen Chuanming Zhou James D.Schiffbauer Andrew D.Wood Nicholas F.Polys Xunlai Yuan 

作者机构:Department of Geosciences Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Earth Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Economic Stratigraphy and Palaeogeography Nanjing Institute ofGeology and Paleontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Geological Sciences University of Missouri Advanced Research Computing Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University 

出 版 物:《National Science Review》 (国家科学评论(英文版))

年 卷 期:2014年第1卷第4期

页      面:498-520页

核心收录:

学科分类:070903[理学-古生物学与地层学(含:古人类学)] 0709[理学-地质学] 07[理学] 

基  金:partially supported by the US National Science Foundation(EAR-1124062,EAR-1250800) Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology(2013CB835000) National Natural Science Foundation of China(41272011,41130209) Chinese Academy of Sciences(KZZD-EW-02) 

主  题:Ediacaran Period Doushantuo Formation Weng’an biota multicellularity eukaryotes animals algae 

摘      要:The rise of multicellularity represents a major evolutionary transition and it occurred independently in multiple eukaryote *** simple multicellular organisms may have evolved in the Mesoproterozoic Era or even earlier,complex multicellular eukaryotes began to diversify only in the Ediacaran Period,just before the Cambrian ***,the Ediacaran fossil record can provide key paleontological evidence about the early radiation of multicellular eukaryotes that ultimately culminated in the Cambrian *** Ediacaran Weng’an biota in South China hosts exceptionally preserved eukaryote fossils,including various acanthomorphic acritarchs,pseudoparenchymatous thalli,tubular microfossils,and spheroidal fossils such as Megasphaera,Helicoforamina,Spiralicellula,and *** of these fossils have been interpreted as multicellular eukaryotes,although alternative interpretations have also been *** this review,we critically examine these various interpretations,focusing particularly on Megasphaera,which has been variously interpreted as a sulfur-oxidizing bacterium,a unicellular protist,a mesomycetozoean-like holozoan,a volvocine green alga,a stem-group animal,or a crown-group *** conclude that Megasphaera is a multicellular eukaryote with evidence for cell-to-cell adhesion,a lexible membrane unconstrained by a rigid cell wall,spatial cellular diferentiation,germ–soma separation,and programmed cell *** features are inconsistent with the bacterium,unicellular protist,and mesomycetozoean-like holozoan ***,the surviving hypotheses,particularly the stem-group animal and algal interpretations,should be further tested with additional *** Weng’an biota also hosts cellularly diferentiated pseudoparenchymatous thalli with specialized reproductive structures indicative of an ainity with lorideophyte red *** other Weng’an fossils reviewed here may also be multicellular eukaryotes,although direct cellular evidenc

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