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Two distinct subpopulations of marginal zone B cells exhibit differential antibody-producing capacities and radioresistance

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 393-408页

作者： Sujin Lee Yeunjung Ko Hyun woo Lee Won joon Oh Hun Gi hong Dinuka Ariyaratne Se Jin Im Tae Jin Kim Department of Immunology Graduate School of Basic Medical ScienceSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSuwon16419Republic of Korea Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine Faculty of Medical SciencesUniversity of Sri JayewardenepuraNugegodaSri Lanka Present address:Immunology and Microbiology Graduate Program Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX77030USA

Marginal zone(MZ)B cells,which are splenic innate-like B cells that rapidly secrete antibodies(Abs)against blood-borne pathogens,are composed of heterogeneous ***,we showed that MZ B cells can be divided into two distinct subpopulations according to their CD80 expression ***80^(high)MZ B cells exhibited greater Ab-producing,proliferative,and IL-10-secreting capacities than did CD80^(low)MZ B ***,CD80^(high)MZ B cells survived 2-Gy whole-body irradiation,whereas CD80^(low)MZ B cells were depleted by irradiation and then repleted with one month after *** of CD80^(low)MZ B cells led to accelerated development of type II collagen(CII)-induced arthritis upon immunization with bovine ***80^(high)MZ B cells exhibited higher expression of genes involved in proliferation,plasma cell differentiation,and the antioxidant ***80^(high)MZ B cells expressed more autoreactive B cell receptors(BCRs)that recognized double-stranded DNA or CII,expressed more immunoglobulin heavy chain sequences with shorter complementarity-determining region 3 sequences,and included more clonotypes with no N-nucleotides or with B-1a BCR sequences than CD80^(low)MZ B *** transfer experiments showed that CD21^(+)CD23^(+)transitional 2 MZ precursors preferentially generated CD80^(low)MZ B cells and that a proportion of CD80^(low)MZ B cells were converted into CD80^(high)MZ B cells;in contrast,CD80^(high)MZ B cells stably remained CD80^(high)MZ B *** summary,MZ B cells can be divided into two subpopulations according to their CD80 expression levels,Ab-producing capacity,radioresistance,and autoreactivity,and these findings may suggest a hierarchical composition of MZ B cells with differential stability and BCR specificity.

关键词： Marginal Zone B Cell CD80 Autoreactivity Radioresistance

Callus proliferation-induced hypoxic microenvironment decreases shoot regeneration competence in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2024年第3期17卷 395-408页

作者： Dohee Koo hong Gil Lee Soon Hyung Bae Kyounghee Lee Pil joon Seo Department of Chemistry Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea Research Institute of Basic Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

Plants are aerobic organisms that rely on molecular oxygen for respiratory energy *** conditions,with oxygen levels ranging between 1%and 5%,usually limit aerobic respiration and affect plant growth and ***,we demonstrate that the hypoxic microenvironment induced by active cell proliferation during the two-step plant regeneration process intrinsically represses the regener-ation competence of the callus in Arabidopsis *** showed that hypoxia-repressed plant regener-ation is mediated by the RELATED TO APETALA2.12(RAP2.12)protein,a memberof the Ethylene Response Factor VIl(ERF-Vll)*** found that the hypoxia-activated RAP2.12 protein promotes salicylic acid(SA)biosynthesis and defense responses,thereby inhibiting pluripotency acquisition and de novo shoot regeneration in *** and genetic analyses revealed that RAP2.12 could bind directly to the SALICYLIC ACID INDUCTION DEFICIENT 2(SID2)gene promoter and activate SA biosynthesis,repressing plant regeneration possibly via a PLETHORA(PLT)-dependent ***,the rap2.12 mutant calli exhibits enhanced shoot regeneration,which is impaired by SA *** together,these find-ings uncover that the cell proliferation-dependent hypoxic microenvironment reduces cellular pluripotency and plant regeneration through the RAP2.12-SID2 module.

关键词： callus cell proliferation-induced hypoxia SID2 plant regeneration salicylic acid RAP2.12

Factor analysis of recent major heatwaves in East Asia

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 374-383页

作者： Arim Yoon Jeongwon Kim Jooyeop Lee Hyun Min Sung Je-woo hong Seung-Ki Min Junhong Lee Jinkyu hong Ecosystem-Atmosphere Process Laboratory Department of Atmospheric SciencesYonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea National Institute of Meteorological Sciences Jeju 63568Republic of Korea Korea Adaptation Center for Climate Korea Environment InstituteSejong 30121Republic of Korea Division of Environmental Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohang 37673Republic of Korea Max Planck Institute for Meteorology Hamburg 20146Germany Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology Yonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

Heatwaves(HWs)present a major hazard to our society and more extreme heatwaves are expected with future climatic ***,it is important to improve our understanding of the underlying processes that drive HWs,in order to boost our socioeconomic-ecological *** this study,we quantified the influences of key driving factors(large-scale atmospheric circulation,soil moisture,and sea surface temperature)and their synergies on recent heatwaves in East *** conducted a factor separation analysis for three recent HW events by constraining the key factors in the regional Weather Research and Forecasting model with their climatologies or pseudo-observations in different *** study showed distinct spatial variations in the HW-controlling factors in East *** synergistic interaction of large-scale circulation and soil moisture was the most important factors in the 2013 Chinese *** the 2018 HWs in Korea and Japan,the same stagnant large-scale atmospheric circulation played a dominant role in driving the HW *** land-atmosphere coupling via soil moisture,its interaction with circulation,and SST exhibited stronger influences during the Korean HW than the Japanese *** analysis also revealed temporal variations in the factors driving Korean and Chinese HWs due to typhoon passage and other multiple processes over heterogeneous surfaces(i.e.,topographically induced Foehn winds,large-scale warm advection from the warm ocean,spatial differences in soil moisture).Our findings suggest that future heatwave-related studies should consider interactive contributions of key factors,their interplay with surface heterogeneities of complex terrain.

关键词： Heatwave East Asia Large-scale circulation Soil moisture Sea surface temperature Synergistic impacts

Tailoring local structures of atomically dispersed copper sites for highly selective CO_(2) electroreduction

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Carbon Energy 2024年第4期6卷 79-90页

作者： Kyung‐Jong Noh Byoung joon Park Ying Wang Yejung Choi Sang‐Hoon You Yong‐Tae Kim Kug‐Seung Lee Jeong woo Han Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)PohangGyeongbukRepublic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)PohangGyeongbukRepublic of Korea Pohang Accelerator Laboratory(PAL) Beamline DivisionPohangGyeongbukRepublic of Korea

Atomically‐dispersed copper sites coordinated with nitrogen‐doped carbon(Cu–N–C)can provide novel possibilities to enable highly selective and active electrochemical CO_(2) reduction ***,the construction of optimal local electronic structures for nitrogen‐coordinated Cu sites(Cu–N_(4))on carbon remains ***,we synthesized the Cu–N–C catalysts with atomically‐dispersed edge‐hosted Cu–N_(4) sites(Cu–N_(4)C_(8))located in a micropore between two graphitic sheets via a facile method to control the concentration of metal ***‐hosted Cu–N_(4)C_(8) catalysts outperformed the previously reported M–N–C catalysts for CO_(2)‐to‐CO conversion,achieving a maximum CO Faradaic efficiency(FECO)of 96%,a CO current density of–8.97 mA cm^(–2) at–0.8 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE),and over FECO of 90%from–0.6 to–1.0 V versus *** studies revealed that the micropore of the graphitic layer in edge‐hosted Cu–N_(4)C_(8) sites causes the d‐orbital energy level of the Cu atom to shift upward,which in return decreases the occupancy of antibonding states in the*COOH *** research suggests new insights into tailoring the locally coordinated structure of the electrocatalyst at the atomic scale to achieve highly selective electrocatalytic reactions.

关键词： atomic local structure density functional theory electrochemical CO_(2)reduction metal nitrogen‐doped carbon single‐atom catalyst

Stable immobilization of lithium polysulfides using three-dimensional ordered mesoporous Mn_(2)O_(3) as the host material in lithium-sulfur batteries

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Carbon Energy 2024年第6期6卷 99-112页

作者： Sung joon Park Yun Jeong Choi Hyun-seung Kim Min Joo hong hongjun Chang Janghyuk Moon Young-Jun Kim Junyoung Mun Ki Jae Kim Department of Energy Science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea Department of Energy Engineering Konkuk UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Advanced Batteries Research Center Korea Electronic Technology InstituteSeongnamRepublic of Korea Department of Future Energy Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Department of Energy Systems Engineering Chung-Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology(SIEST) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea

Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)have drawn significant attention owing to their high theoretical discharge capacity and energy ***,the dissolution of long-chain polysulfides into the electrolyte during the charge and discharge process(“shuttle effect”)results in fast capacity fading and inferior electrochemical *** this study,Mn_(2)O_(3)with an ordered mesoporous structure(OM-Mn_(2)O_(3))was designed as a cathode host for LSBs via KIT-6 hard templating,to effectively inhibit the polysulfide shuttle ***-Mn_(2)O_(3)offers numerous pores to confine sulfur and tightly anchor the dissolved polysulfides through the combined effects of strong polar-polar interactions,polysulfides,and sulfur chain *** OM-Mn_(2)O_(3)/S composite electrode delivered a discharge capacity of 561 mAh g^(-1) after 250 cycles at 0.5 C owing to the excellent performance of OM-Mn_(2)O_(3).Furthermore,it retained a discharge capacity of 628mA h g^(-1) even at a rate of 2 C,which was significantly higher than that of a pristine sulfur electrode(206mA h g^(-1)).These findings provide a prospective strategy for designing cathode materials for high-performance LSBs.

关键词： host material lithium-sulfur battery ordered mesoporous structure shuttle effect transition-metal oxides

Recent trends in the epidemiology and clinical outcomes of inflammatory bowel disease in South Korea,2010-2018

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1154-1163页

作者： Seulji Kim Hyun Jung Lee Seung woo Lee Sanghyun Park Seong-joon Koh Jong Pil Im Byeong Gwan Kim Kyung-Do Han Joo Sung Kim Department of Internal Medicine Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical SciencesSeoul 01812South Korea Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 03080South Korea Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science Soongsil UniversitySeoul 06978South Korea

BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)was previously regarded as a Western disease;however,its incidence is increasing in the *** epidemiology of IBD in Asia differs significantly from the patterns in the *** To comprehensively investigate the epidemiology of IBD in South Korea,inclu-ding its incidence,prevalence,medication trends,and *** We analyzed claims data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service and Rare and Intractable Diseases(RIDs),operated by the National Health Insurance Service of South *** with IBD were identified based on the International Classification of Diseases,Tenth Revision,and RID diagnostic codes for Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC)from 2010 to *** In total,14498 and 31409 patients were newly diagnosed with CD and UC,respectively,between 2010 and *** annual average incidence of CD was 3.11 cases per 105 person-years,and that of UC was 6.74 cases per 10^(5) *** 2014,the incidence rate of CD has been stable,while that of UC has steadily increased,shifting the peak age group from 50-year-olds in 2010 to 20-year-olds in *** CD and UC prevalence increased consistently over the study period;the use of 5-aminosali-cylates and corticosteroids gradually decreased,while that of immunomodulators and biologics steadily increased in both CD and *** clinical outcomes of IBD,such as hospitalization and surgery,decreased during the study *** The CD incidence has been stable since 2014,but that of UC has increased with a shift to a younger age at peak incidence between 2010 and *** clinical outcomes improved over time,with increased use of immunomodu-lators and biologics.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Incidence Prevalence

Effect of atractylenolide Ⅲ on zearalenone-induced Snail1-mediated epithelial–mesenchymal transition in porcine intestinal epithelium

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第05期 2081-2092页

作者： Na Yeon Kim Myoung Ok Kim Sangsu Shin woo-Sung Kwon Bomi Kim joon Yeop Lee Sang In Lee Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology Kyungpook National University Research Institute for Innovative Animal Science Kyungpook National University National Institute for Korean Medicine Development

Background The intestinal epithelium performs essential physiological functions, such as nutrient absorption, and acts as a barrier to prevent the entry of harmful substances. Mycotoxins are prevalent contaminants found in ani-mal feed that exert harmful effects on the health of livestock. Zearalenone(ZEA) is produced by the Fusarium genus and induces gastrointestinal dysfunction and disrupts the health and immune system of animals. Here, we evaluated the molecular mechanisms that regulate the effects of ZEA on the porcine intestinal *** Treatment of IPEC-J2 cells with ZEA decreased the expression of E-cadherin and increased the expression of Snai1 and Vimentin, which induced Snail1-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EMT). In addition, ZEA induces Snail-mediated EMT through the activation of TGF-β signaling. The treatment of IPEC-J2 cells with atractyle-nolide Ⅲ, which were exposed to ZEA, alleviated *** Our findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of ZEA toxicity in porcine intestinal epi-thelial cells and ways to mitigate it.

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Surface-modified Ag@Ru-P25 for photocatalytic CO_(2) conversion with high selectivity over CH_(4) formation at the solid–gas interface

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Carbon Energy 2024年第1期6卷 182-196页

作者： Chaitanya B.Hiragond Sohag Biswas Niket SPowar Junho Lee Eunhee Gong Hwapyong Kim hong Soo Kim Jin-woo Jung Chang-Hee Cho Bryan M.Wong Su-Il In Department of Energy Science&Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)DaeguRepublic of Korea Department of Chemical&Environmental Engineering Materials Science&Engineering ProgramDepartment of ChemistryDepartment of Physics&AstronomyUniversity of California-RiversideRiversideCaliforniaUSA Department of Physics and Chemistry Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)DaeguRepublic of Korea NiceScience Corporation DaeguRepublic of Korea

Systematic optimization of the photocatalyst and investigation of the role of each component is important to maximizing catalytic activity and comprehending the photocatalytic conversion of CO_(2) reduction to solar fuels.A surface-modified Ag@Ru-P25 photocatalyst with H_(2)O_(2) treatment was designed in this study to convert CO_(2) and H_(2)O vapor into highly selective *** doping followed by Ag nanoparticles(NPs)cocatalyst deposition on P25(TiO_(2))enhances visible light absorption and charge separation,whereas H_(2)O_(2) treatment modifies the surface of the photocatalyst with hydroxyl(–OH)groups and promotes CO_(2) ***-resonance transmission electron microscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,X-ray absorption near-edge structure,and extended X-ray absorption fine structure techniques were used to analyze the surface and chemical composition of the photocatalyst,while thermogravimetric analysis,CO_(2) adsorption isotherm,and temperature programmed desorption study were performed to examine the significance of H_(2)O_(2) treatment in increasing CO_(2) reduction *** optimized Ag1.0@Ru1.0-P25 photocatalyst performed excellent CO_(2) reduction activity into CO,CH4,and C2H6 with a~95%selectivity of CH4,where the activity was~135 times higher than that of pristine TiO_(2)(P25).For the first time,this work explored the effect of H_(2)O_(2) treatment on the photocatalyst that dramatically increases CO_(2) reduction activity.

关键词： gas-phase CO_(2) reduction H_(2)O_(2) treatment plasmonic nanoparticles solar fuel photocatalyst surface modification

Temporal-spatial Generation of Astrocytes in the Developing Diencephalon

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第1期40卷 1-16页

作者： Wentong hong Pifang Gong Xinjie Pan Zhonggan Ren Yitong Liu Guibo Qi Jun-Liszt Li Wenzhi Sun woo-Ping Ge Chun-Li Zhang Shumin Duan Song Qin Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Chinese Institute for Brain Research Beijing 102206China School of Basic Medical Sciences Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Department of Molecular Biology University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTexas 75390-9148USA Department of Neurobiology Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Ministry of Health of ChinaZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310058China State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

tAstrocytes are the largest glial population in the mammalian ***,we have a minimal understanding of astrocyte development,especially fate specification in different regions of the *** lineage tracing of the progenitors of the third ventricle(3V)wall via in-utero electroporation in the embryonic mouse brain,we show the fate specification and migration pattern of astrocytes derived from radial glia along the 3V ***,radial glia located in different regions along the 3V wall of the diencephalon produce distinct cell types:radial glia in the upper region produce astrocytes and those in the lower region produce neurons in the *** genetic fate mapping analysis,we reveal that the first population of astrocytes appears along the zona incerta in the *** occurs at an early time point in the dorsal region relative to that in the ventral region of the developing *** transcriptomic analysis of the region-specific 3V wall and lateral ventricle(LV)wall,we identified cohorts of differentially-expressed genes in the dorsal 3V wall compared to the ventral 3V wall and LV wall that may regulate astrogenesis in the dorsal ***,these results demonstrate that the generation of astrocytes shows a spatiotemporal pattern in the developing mouse diencephalon.

关键词： Radial glia Astrocyte specification Lineage tracing Diencephalon Third ventricle