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Application of single and combination therapy of clarithromycin and tamoxifen to suppress breast cancer cell proliferation and metabolism

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中华乳腺病杂志（电子版） 2012年第1期6卷 26-31页

作者： wings t.y.loo Louis W.C.Chow Adrian y.S yip Mary N.B.Cheung UNIMED Medical Institute Organization for Oncology and translational Research Hong Kong Organization for Oncology and translational Research School of Chinese Medicine Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Hong Kong Clinical trial Center Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Hong Kong

Objective this study compares the anti-tumor effects of single and combination use of clarithromycin and tamoxifen on estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer cell lines,Bt-483 and MCF-7 as well as triple negative cell line,MBA-MD-231,which acts as a negative *** effect of solid breast tumor inhibition by clarithromycin is also *** Bt-483,MCF-7 and MBA-MD-231 were cultured in 6-well plates in a 37 ℃ humidified incubator without CO2 for 24 h prior to the addition of the test *** test groups were clarithromycin (Group 1),tamoxifen (Group 2),clarithromycin and tamoxifen (Group 3),and control (Group 4).Group 3 was prepared in 1 to 1 ratio at a concentration of 1.5 mmol/L clarithromycin and 25 μmol/L *** the other hand,1 mm3 solid breast tumors were submerged into various groups as above for 24 *** the harvest day,the proliferation of cancer cells and solid breast tumor samples were measured by WSt-1 proliferation reagent while AtP bioluminescence assay was employed to measure the metabolic rate of the three cell *** the proliferation of Bt-483 and MCF-7 was suppressed most by combination use of clarithromycin and tamoxifen with statistical *** two drugs did not have an inhibitory effect on the hormonal negative cancer *** solid breast tumor samples,all the test groups showed reduced metabolic rate as compared with the control group (Ption use of tamoxifen and clarithromycin are effective in suppressing cell proliferation and metabolism rate of breast cancer cells while single use of clarithromycin effectively inhibits the proliferation of solid breast tumor.

关键词：摘要编辑部编辑工作读者

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Broad-spectrum ginsentides are principal bioactives in unraveling the cure-all effects of ginseng

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第2期14卷 653-666页

作者： Shining loo Antony Kam Bamaprasad Dutta Xiaohong Zhang Nan Feng Siu Kwan Sze Chuan-Fa Liu Xiaoliang Wang James P.tam School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637551Singapore Academy of Pharmacy Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China Department of Biological Sciences Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100050China Department of Health Sciences Brock UniversityNiagara RegionON L2S 3A1Canada

Stress and illness connection is complex and involves multiple physiological *** ginsengs,reputed for their broad-spectrum“cure-all”effect,are widely prescribed to treat stress and related ***,the identity of ginseng’s“cure-all”medicinal compounds that relieve stress remains ***,we identify ginsentides as the principal bioactives that coordinate multiple systems to restore homeostasis in response to *** are disulfide-rich,cell-penetrating and proteolytic-stable *** affinity-enrichment mass spectrometry target identification together with in vitro,ex vivo and in vivo validations,we show that highly purified or synthetic ginsentides promote vasorelaxation by producing nitric oxide through endothelial cells via intracellular PI3K/Akt signaling pathway,alleviate a1-adrenergic receptor overactivity by reversing phenylephrine-induced constriction of aorta,decrease monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells via CD166/ESAM/CD40 and inhibit P2y12 receptors to reduce platelet *** administered ginsentides were effective in animal models to reduce ADP-induced platelet aggregation,to prevent collagen and adrenalineinduced pulmonary thrombosis as well as anti-stress behavior of tail suspension and forced swimming tests in ***,these results strongly suggest that ginsentides are the principal panacea compounds of ginsengs because of their ability to target multiple extra-and intra-cellular proteins to reverse stress-induced damages.

关键词： Ginseng Cysteine-rich peptides Microproteins Cure-all Stress Homeostasis

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Presence of extensive intraductal component in patients undergoing breast conservative surgery predicts presence of residual disease in subsequent completion mastectomy

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Chinese Medical Journal 2009年第8期122卷 900-905页

作者： Christopher C. E yiu wings t. y. loo C. K. Lam Louis W. C. Chow UNIMED Medical Institute Comprehensive Centre for Breast Diseases Hong Kong China Clinical trial Centre Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong China

Background Local recurrence remains a serious problem among patients undergoing breast conservative surgery. this study aimed at identifying risk factors for residual disease after breast conservative surgery. Methods this retrospective study was based on patients with invasive breast cancer who have received breast conservative surgery and subsequent completion mastectomy. All patients had a clear resection margin in the initial operation. We analyzed the association between the presence of residual disease during completion mastectomy and the following risk factors： t staging, young age, and presence of extensive intraductal component （EIC）, a close margin, lymphovascular permeation （LVP）, positivity of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and c-erbB-2. Results Residual disease was encountered in 21 （45.7%） of 46 patients; EIC was present in 28 patients （60.9%）, of whom 17 had residual disease. Presence of EIC during breast conservation surgery was associated with a higher risk of residual disease during completion mastectomy （P=0.011）. Other variables were not statistically significant risk factors for presence of residual disease. No local recurrence was recorded in our cohort, and the disease-free survival and overall survival after completion mastectomy were similar for patients who had residual disease and those who had not. Conclusions the presence of EIC is a significant risk factor for residual disease in patients after breast conservative surgery. Our findings may suggest the indicated value of completion mastectomy in patients with EIC during initial breast conservative surgery to decrease the risk of subsequent local failure.

关键词： extensive intraductal component breast conservative surgery residual disease completion mastectomy

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Applying the Hidden Markov Model to Analyze Urban Mobility Patterns: An Interdisciplinary Approach

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Chinese Geographical Science 2021年第1期31卷 1-13页

作者： loo Becky P y ZHANG Feiyang HSIAO Janet H CHAN Antoni B LAN Hui Department of Geography the University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Department of Psychology the University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Department of Computer Science the City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

With the emergence of the Internet of things(Iot), there has been a proliferation of urban studies using big data. yet, another type of urban research innovations that involve interdisciplinary thinking and methods remains underdeveloped. this paper represents an attempt to adopt a Hidden Markov Model(HMM) toolbox developed in Computer Science for the analysis of eye movement patterns in Psychology to answer urban mobility questions in Geography. the main idea is that both people’s eye movements and travel behavior follow the stop-travel-stop pattern, which can be summarized using HMM. Methodological challenges were addressed by adjusting the HMM to analyze territory-wide travel survey data in Hong Kong, China. By using the adjusted toolbox to identify the activitytravel patterns of working adults in Hong Kong, two distinctive groups of balanced(38.4%) and work-oriented(61.6%) lifestyles were identified. With some notable exceptions, working adults living in the urban core were having a more work-oriented lifestyle. those with a balanced lifestyle were having a relatively compact zone of non-work activities around their homes but a relatively long commuting distance. Furthermore, working females tend to spend more time at home than their counterparts, regardless of their marital status and lifestyle. Overall, this interdisciplinary research demonstrates an attempt to integrate spatial, temporal, and sequential information for understanding people’s behavior in urban mobility research.

关键词： activity-travel pattern urban mobility activity sequences cluster analysis Hidden Markov Model

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Getting out of energy-intensive and“dirty”transport for sustainable societies

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the Innovation 2022年第6期3卷 29-30页

作者： Becky P.y.loo Kay W.Axhausen Department of Geography University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China School of Geography and Environment Jiangxi Normal UniversityJiangxi 330022China IVt ETH Z€urichZ€urichSwitzerland

INtRODUCtION Societies around the world have committed themselves to achieving the Paris goals of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))reduction and limiting global warming to 1.5Cwith different levels of legal *** transport sector is both a major use of energy and amajor source of air pollutants,including CO_(2),nitrogen oxides,ozone,particularmatter,and volatile organic compounds that cause climate change and harm human health.1,2 the recent Ukraine–Russia war triggered countries to evaluate a fossil–fuel-dependent transport system that is highly vulnerable.

关键词： transport legal ozone

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中国客运交通的碳排放地理特征与展望

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地理研究 2016年第7期35卷 1230-1242页

作者：李琳娜 Becky P.y.loo 香港大学地理系香港999077

围绕全国、省市和"一带一路"三个空间层面,对1990-2012年中国客运交通的碳排放进行了估算和分析。研究表明:1在全国层面上,公路是碳排放总量最大的运输方式,其次是航空,而铁路和水运的碳排放较低且保持稳定;2在省市层面上,交通碳排放呈... 详细信息

围绕全国、省市和"一带一路"三个空间层面,对1990-2012年中国客运交通的碳排放进行了估算和分析。研究表明:1在全国层面上,公路是碳排放总量最大的运输方式,其次是航空,而铁路和水运的碳排放较低且保持稳定;2在省市层面上,交通碳排放呈现出从东部向中、西部递减的趋势,并且空间分布越来越集中在东部省份;3"一带一路"的主要城市中,"丝绸之路经济带"(简称"一带")的沿线城市表现出较低的交通碳排放,而"21世纪海上丝绸之路"(简称"一路")沿线的港口城市的交通碳排放较高,而且都以公路碳排放为主。未来在满足和控制交通需求的同时,有必要发展以铁路和公共交通为主的低碳交通模式,替代目前以公路为主的交通模式。

关键词：客运交通碳排放地理特征中国一带一路

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Genomic,transcriptomic,and metabolomic analysis of Oldenlandia corymbosa reveals the biosynthesis and mode of action of anti-cancer metabolites

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第6期65卷 1442-1466页

作者： Irene Julca Daniela Mutwil-Anderwald Vaishnervi Manoj Zahra Khan Soak Kuan Lai Lay K.yang Ing t.Beh Jerzy Dziekan yoon P.Lim Shen K.Lim yee W.Low yuen I.Lam Seth tjia yuguang Mu Qiao W.tan Przemyslaw Nuc Le M.Choo Gillian Khew loo Shining Antony Kam James P.tam Zbynek Bozdech Maximilian Schmidt Bjoern Usadel yoganathan Kanagasundaram Saleh Alseekh Alisdair Fernie Hoi y.Li Marek Mutwil School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Shared Analytics Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation(SIFBI)Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)Singapore 138671Singapore Department of Biochemistry National University of SingaporeSingapore 117596Singapore Singapore Botanic Gardens Singapore 259569Singapore Department of Gene Expression Faculty of BiologyInstitute of Molecular Biology and BiotechnologyAdam Mickiewicz UniversityPoznan 61-614Poland IBG-4 Bioinformatics Forschungszentrum JülichJülich 52428Germany Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie Potsdam-Golm 14476Germany Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology Plovdiv 4000Bulgaria

Plants accumulate a vast array of secondary metabolites,which constitute a natural resource for *** corymbosa belongs to the Rubiaceae family,and has been used in traditional medicine to treat different diseases,including ***,the active metabolites of the plant,their biosynthetic pathway and mode of action in cancer are *** fill these gaps,we exposed this plant to eight different stress conditions and combined different omics data capturing gene expression,metabolic profiles,and anti-cancer *** results show that *** extracts are active against breast cancer cell lines and that ursolic acid is responsible for this ***,we assembled a high-quality genome and uncovered two genes involved in the biosynthesis of ursolic ***,we also revealed that ursolic acid causes mitotic catastrophe in cancer cells and identified three high-confidence protein binding targets by Cellular thermal Shift Assay(CEtSA)and reverse ***,these results constitute a valuable resource to further characterize the biosynthesis of active metabolites in the Oldenlandia group,while the mode of action of ursolic acid will allow us to further develop this valuable compound.

关键词： genome medicinal metabolomics mode of action transcriptome

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Ancient migration routes of Austronesian-speaking populations in oceanic Southeast Asia and Melanesia might mimic the spread of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2011年第2期30卷 96-105页

作者： Jean trejaut Chien-Liang Lee Ju-Chen yen Jun-Hun loo Marie Lin Mackay Memorial Hospital #45 Min-Sheng Road

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and non-recombining y chromosome (NRy) are inherited uni-parentally from mother to daughter or from father to son respectively. their polymorphism has initially been studied throughout populations of the world to demonstrate the "Out of Africa" hypothesis. Here, to correlate the distribution of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in different populations of insular Asia, we analyze the mtDNA information (lineages) obtained from genotyping of the hyper variable region (HVS I & II) among 1400 individuals from island Southeast Asia (ISEA), taiwan and Fujian and supplemented with the analysis of relevant coding region polymorphisms. Lineages that best represented a clade (a branch of the genetic tree) in the phylogeny were further analyzed using complete genomic mtDNA sequencing. Finally, these complete mtDNA sequences were used to construct a most parsimonious tree which now constitutes the most up-to-date mtDNA dataset available on ISEA and taiwan. this analysis has exposed new insights of the evolutionary history of insular Asia and has strong implications in assessing possible correlations with linguistic, archaeology, demography and the NPC distribution in populations within these regions. to obtain a more objective and balanced genetic point of view, slowly evolving biallelic y single nucleotide polymorphism (y-SNP) was also analyzed. As in the first step above, the technique was first applied to determine affinities (macro analysis) between populations of insular Asia. Secondly, sixteen y short tandem repeats (y-StR) were used as they allow deeper insight (micro analysis) into the relationship between individuals of a same region. together, mtDNA and NRy allowed a better definition of the relational, demographic, cultural and genetic components that constitute the make up of the present day peoples of ISEA. Outstanding findings were obtained on the routes of migration that occurred along with the spread of NPC during the settlement of insular

关键词：世界人口迁徙路线鼻咽癌单核苷酸多态性线粒体DNA 东南亚全国人民代表大会短串联重复序列

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HAS tHE PEARL RIVER DELtA BEEN AN EXPORt-ORIENtED ECONOMy?

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 1994年第Z2期4卷 1-24页

作者： C.K.Leung Becky P. y.loo(Department of Geography and Geology, the University of Hong KongPokfulam Road, Hong Kong)

Ever since the introduction of the Open Door Policy, the Pearl River Delta (PRD) has enjoyed very phenomenal export and economic growth. As a result, many scholars have tried to associate the two phenomena and described the region as an,'export-oriented economy'.However, these studies, mostly based on the rapid export growth of the PRD and its status as the most important exporting area of the country,have not paid any heed to the actual export-orientation of the regional economy and, hence, cannot prove that the PRD has been a 'truly'export-oriented economy. in view of these shortcomings. the present paper attempts to re-examine the issue from the viewpoint of the PRD's local economy, at both the regional and county levels. the study period is from 1981 to 1990. Judging from the export-dependency indices and the relative importance of exports in accounting for the economic growth and industrialization of the PRD, this paper concludes that the region, though having signs of increasing export-orientation, cannot be categorized as a 'truly' export-oriented economy. In addition, it also shows that most of the 'evidences' or 'common beliefs' behind the notion of an export-oriented economy in the RD are illusionary, if not erroneous. Finally, the paper explores into the reasons behind the low export-orientation of the PRD and tries to sugyst some ways for boosting the export-orientation of the PRD and tries to suggest some ways for boosting the export-orientation of the region.

关键词： export-oriented economy enterprise index policy Pearl River Delta

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高等植物的氮素代谢Ⅳ.再论氨的初步同化作用

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实验生物学报 1964年第3期 238-244页

作者：罗宗雅汤玉玮中国科学院植物生理研究所中国科学院植物生理研究所上海

氟化钠（1/40M）抑制烯醇化酶的活动,使植物的呼吸剧烈降低。经氟化钠处理的组织,由于丙酮酸来源中断,α-酮戊二酸的合成不能正常进行,某些游离氨基酸,特别是丙氨酸和谷氨酸便作为呼吸基质被消耗。在氟化钠处理的叶片中,丝氨酸浓度的增... 详细信息

氟化钠（1/40M）抑制烯醇化酶的活动,使植物的呼吸剧烈降低。经氟化钠处理的组织,由于丙酮酸来源中断,α-酮戊二酸的合成不能正常进行,某些游离氨基酸,特别是丙氨酸和谷氨酸便作为呼吸基质被消耗。在氟化钠处理的叶片中,丝氨酸浓度的增高可能是由于磷酸甘油酸的累积,再通过甘油酸脱氢酶的作用,促进了羟基丙酮酸形成的结果。丙酮酸和α-酮戊二酸都不能解除氟化纳对呼吸的抑制,表明此代谢抑制剂还对三羧酸循环的某些酶系统起作用。氨同化作用比呼吸作用对氟化钠更加敏感,1/40克分子浓度完全抑制了氨化作用;可能是缺少同化氨必需的碳架受体的缘故。α-酮戊二酸能完全恢复氟化纳对叶片同化氨的抑制作用,主要是合成谷氨酸及谷氨酰胺;丙酮酸和草酸乙酸没有这种作用。此外,α-酮戊二酸还促进处理叶片中丙酮酸和草酰乙酸转化成丙氨酸和天门多氨酸的作用。由此可见,小麦对氨的初步同化作用主要是（如果不是唯一）通过α-酮戊二酸还原氨化成谷氨酸以及后者进一步形成谷氨酰胺而实现的。丙酮酸和草酰乙酸直接氨化的过程假如能够进行也是很弱的。

关键词：丙酮酸草酰乙酸谷氨酸谷氨酞胺草酞乙酸草醋酸 α-氨基戊二酸神经递体戊二酸谷酸二元羧酸氟化物氟化钠氨同化作用茎叶体植物高等植物

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