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资本主义生态批判与全球生态治理——访加拿大生态学马克思主义学者威廉·莱斯教授

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马克思主义理论学科研究 2024年第2期10卷 4-14页

作者：威廉·莱斯(受访) 李哲(访谈) 加拿大皇家学会南京航空航天大学马克思主义学院江苏南京211106

威廉·莱斯(以下简称莱斯)师承法兰克福学派代表人物赫伯特·马尔库塞,从20世纪60年代起致力于生态问题的研究,时至今日仍笔耕不辍。作为生态学马克思主义研究领域的主要开拓者之一,其早期的“自然·需求·科技”批判理论启迪了国内外... 详细信息

威廉·莱斯(以下简称莱斯)师承法兰克福学派代表人物赫伯特·马尔库塞,从20世纪60年代起致力于生态问题的研究,时至今日仍笔耕不辍。作为生态学马克思主义研究领域的主要开拓者之一,其早期的“自然·需求·科技”批判理论启迪了国内外诸多学者对生态问题的思考。20世纪80年代末至90年代初,莱斯的学术领域拓展到环境风险管理、全球生态治理等领域,取得了突出的理论成就。2023年,李哲对莱斯进行了访谈,就其近60年的学术探索、西方生态学马克思主义学派的发展以及全球气候治理等问题进行了深入交流,以期为资本主义的生态批判、全球生态治理等提供学术借鉴和现实观照。

关键词：生态学马克思主义法兰克福学派生态批判学术探索莱斯全球气候治理环境风险管理理论成就

The Occurrence of Migraine Auras and Possible Triggers

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health 2014年第19期6卷 2688-2696页

作者： william Burke John robinson Brain Research Laboratory Discipline of Physiology and Bosch Institute University of Sydney Sydney Australia Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Vision Science Sydney Australia Discipline of Anatomy and histology and Bosch Institute University of Sydney Sydney Australia School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney Sydney Australia

Our aim is to determine the cause(s) of migraine auras. Our understanding of how migraines and migraine auras originate is very imperfect. An important observation is that migraines occur more frequently in women at reproductive age than in men at a similar age. This suggests that gonadal hormones may be relevant triggers. The occurrence of classical (typical auras without headache) auras in one author (WB) has been recorded. Every aura in six years (85) has been noted, studied and analysed statistically. The auras occur predominantly in Spring and Autumn, especially in the longer reproductive season of Spring. This association is supported statistically. The results support the idea of gonadal hormones as relevant triggers, the strongest candidate being estrogen. Basic mechanisms underlying the auras are discussed, especially the phenomenon of cortical spreading depression. We also propose that both auras and migraines depend upon previous injury to the head or to the brain, giving rise to a condition of “deafferentation hypersensitivity”.

关键词： Migraine Aura Equinox Estrogen Spring Autumn Deafferentation hypersensitivity

Structural Controls and Predictive Mapping of Tin, Niobium and Tantalum Mineralization Associated with the Mayo Darlé Stanniferous Granitoids;Contributions of Geostatistics

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第1期12卷 180-210页

作者： Bah-Yero Liman Ngounouno Ismaïla Mbowou Gbambié Isaac Bertrand Alpha Baster Kenfack Fokem André william Boroh Amadou Diguim Kepnamou Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon Department of Mining Geology School of Geology and Mining and Engineering University of Ngaoundéré Meiganga Cameroon Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Science University of Garoua Garoua Cameroon

The aim of this study of the spatial dispersion of tin, niobium and tantalum mineralization associated with the Mayo Darlé granitoids was to produce prospecting guides through predictive maps of Sn, Nb and Ta in the region. It was based on a database (in appendix) obtained after analysis of rock samples (greisens and quartz veins) collected in the field, using a portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer. Two approaches were used: 1) structural studies in the field using the directions of veins and fractures 2) the use of variographic maps, an essential element in geostatistics for determining directional anisotropies. A joint synthesis of the modelling results shows that tin, tantalum and niobium mineralization at Mayo Darlé is concentrated along strike intervals N315E to N320E, with mineralization also occurring along strike N35E for high-grade Sn, medium-grade Ta and low-grade Nb. In short, mineral concentrations disperse progressively in space: positively from east to west for tantalum and niobium, and inversely for tin.

关键词： Mayo Darlé Tin Niobium Tantalum Geostatistics Mapping

Social and Economic Considerations for Creating Sustainable Climate Change haven Communities

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第1期15卷 76-93页

作者： Elizabeth C. hirschman william Bourgin Angel Castilla Caitlin Glover Caitlyn Justice Manuel Munoz Braydon Thompson Justin Snider Olivia Toomer Department of Business and Economics University of Virginia-Wise Wise USA

As Climate Change haven Communities are constructed across the Northern hemisphere, it will be necessary to attract two types of migrants to populate them. The first group consists of professionals and companies in eco-sustainable businesses, such as law firms, insurance companies, investment firms, banking, technological innovation, mass media, medical research and pharmaceutical research. The second group will consist of persons engaged in organic/eco-sustainable agriculture whose crops and animal husbandry practices can be transferred successfully to Climate Change haven regions. The present research focuses on the social and economic variables that must be taken into account to insure that each new Climate Change haven Community becomes successfully integrated with the local population and forms a cohesive, harmonious social structure. Examples are given from the United States, France, Spain, Portugal and Italy.

关键词： Climate Change haven Community Sustainability Organic/Eco Farming Internal Migration Social Integration

Floristic Composition, Population Structure, and Recruitment Status of Plant Species: A Case Study of Farmer-Managed Natural Regeneration Practices in Arid and Semi-Arid Lands in Kenya

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Open Journal of Forestry 2024年第2期14卷 141-154页

作者： Simon Kosgei Choge Samson Okoth Ojunga Dub Isacko Dokata william Kimen Chepkirui Justus Musau Faith Milkah Muniale Ivan Kiplagat Kiptui Kenya Forestry Research Institute-Rift Valley Eco-Region Research Program Marigat Kenya Kenya Forestry Research Institute-Lake Victoria Eco-Region Research Program Kisumu Kenya Kenya Forestry Research Institute-Rift Valley Eco-Region Research Program Londiani Kenya CRIFSUP Project World Vision Kenya Nairobi Kenya

The technique of Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR) is being promoted as a cost-effective approach for restoring degraded arable dry lands. Its effectiveness has been observed in many countries across the globe, where it is a traditional practice, and is now being encouraged across the African continent. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of FMNR on floristic Composition, Vegetation Structure, and Regeneration Status of woody Plant Species in the severely degraded Central Rift, Kenya. The study systematically assessed how FMNR influenced species composition, vegetation structure and regeneration status from two sample plots involved in FMNR practices. Transect lines and quadrats methods were utilized to collect data, specifically regarding the floristic composition, vegetation structure, and regeneration status of woody plant species. Quadrats and sub-quadrats of varying sizes (10 m by 10 m, 5 m by 5 m, and 1 m by 1 m) were nested along the transect lines for data collection. Furthermore, measurements of tree growth and development, including root collar diameter, diameter at breast height (D130) and heights within the study blocks, were taken. The data was then analyzed using R-software. Results showed a marked progressive increase in numbers of trees, saplings, seedlings, shrubs and herbs in all FMNR sites and reductions in all non-FMNR sites. The study advocates for widespread promotion of the FMNR practice both as an environmental conservation and restoration strategy.

关键词： Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration FMNR Floristic Composition Vegetation Structure Regeneration Biodiversity

Prevalence of Work-Aggravated Asthma among Bakery Workers in Abidjan (Cote d’Ivoire)

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health 2024年第3期16卷 204-217页

作者： Loukou Leandre Konan Esme Marie Laure Essis Brou Michel Kouassi Marius Kedote Julius Fobil william Yavo Ossey Bernard Yapo Issaka Tiembre National Institute of Public health Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Interuniversity Doctoral Program Cotonou Benin Medical Sciences Training and Research Unit Department of Public Health and Biostatistics Felix Houphouet Boigny University Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Global Environmental Occupational health (GEOhealth) Accra Ghana UFR of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences Department of Public Health Felix Houphou&#235t Boigny University Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Nangui Abrogoua University Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire National Institute of Public hygiene Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

Introduction: Work-aggravated asthma is pre-existing or concomitant asthma whose symptoms are aggravated by the work environment. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of this pathology and its associated factors among bakery workers in Abidjan. Materials and Methods: This descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of four (4) months from 18 December 2019 to 18 April 2020. Two questionnaires were used, one on employees and the other on the indoor environment of bakeries. In addition, a spirometry test was performed on all bakery workers. Statistical analysis was performed using stata 15.1 software. Results: A total of 599 bakery employees, including bakers (59.73%), sales assistants/ cashiers (23.52%), cleaners (6.34%) and administrative staff (10.18%), were investigated. The mean age was 30.8 ± 8 years, with a sex ratio (M/F) = 2.2. Asthma symptoms were found in 95 (15.86%) employees, of whom 74 (77.9%) had work-related asthma and 11 (14.9%) had asthma aggravated by work. The factors associated with work-aggravated asthma were personal or family history of allergy or atopy [ORa = 3.75;CI95%: 1.56 - 8.93;p = 0.003], exposure to dust [ORa = 5.01;CI95%: 1.43 - 7.50;p = 0.011] and humidity level (60% - 70%) [ORa = 1.80;CI 95%: 0.99 - 3.28;p = 0.05]. Conclusion: Work-aggravated asthma is a reality in bakeries in Abidjan, with an estimated prevalence of 14.9%. Two of the three factors associated with this condition suggest a link with indoor air pollution. Combating air pollution in these establishments must therefore be a priority for the relevant authorities, in order to provide employees with a working environment that protects their health.

关键词： Work-Aggravated Asthma Occupational Asthma Work-Related Asthma Bakeries Abidjan Ivory Coast

Stromal cell decidualization and embryo implantation: a vulnerable step leading to successful pregnancy

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Reproductive and Developmental Medicine 2024年第2期8卷 101-110页

作者： Luhan Jiang Sudini R.Fernando Suranga P.Kodithuwakku Dandan Cao william S.B.Yeung Kai-Fai Lee Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology School of Clinical MedicineLKS Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China Department of Animal Science Faculty of Animal Science&Export AgricultureUva Wellassa UniversityBadulla 50000Sri Lanka Department of Animal Science Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of PeradeniyaPeradeniya 20400Sri Lanka Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation.The University of hong Kong-Shenzhen hospital Shenzhen 518053China

Endometrial stromal cell decidualization is a crucial step in endometrial remodeling during *** is controlled by orchestrated ovarian hormones,followed by the activation of various downstream signaling *** evidence has shown multiple functions of decidualized endometrial stromal cells during embryo implantation,including tissue remodeling,antioxidative stress,angiogenesis,and immune *** distinct secretomes of decidualized stromal cells also reveal their intensive interactions with epithelial,endothelial,and immune ***,aberrant decidualization leads to pregnancy failures,such as recurrent pregnancy loss and repeated implantation *** review aimed to provide an overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying the divergent functions of decidualized endometrial stromal cells and their potential clinical ***,the use of single-cell RNA sequencing data further enhances our understanding of these biological *** review discusses decidualization-related signaling pathways that serve as potential therapeutic targets for treating implantation failure in in vitro fertilization and provides novel approaches to investigate the underlying causes of female infertility.

关键词： Endometrial stromal cell Decidualization Embryo implantation Recurrent pregnancy loss Repeated implantation failure

Entrapment of DNA topoisomerase-DNA complexes by nucleotide/nucleoside analogs

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2019年第4期2卷 994-1001页

作者： william h.Gmeiner Department of Cancer Biology Wake Forest School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27157USA

Topoisomerases are well-validated targets for cancer chemotherapy and DNA topoisomerase 1(Top1)is the sole target of the camptothecin(CPT)class of anticancer *** the last 20 years,multiple studies have shown Top1 activity is modulated by non-native DNA structures and this can lead to trapping of Top1 cleavage complexes(Top1cc)and conversion to DNA double strand *** the perturbations to DNA structure that generate Top1cc are nucleoside analogs that are incorporated into genomic DNA during replication including cytarabine,gemcitabine,and 5-fluoro-2’-deoxyuridine(FdU).We review the literature summarizing the role of Top1cc in mediating the DNA damaging and cytotoxic activities of nucleoside *** also summarize studies demonstrating distinct differences between Top1cc induced by nucleoside analogs and CPTs,particularly with regard to DNA ***,these studies demonstrate that,while Top1 is a common target for both Top1 poisons such as CPT and nucleoside analogs such as FdU,these agents are not *** recent years,studies have shown that Top1 poisons and nucleoside analogs together with other anti-cancer drugs such as cisplatin cause replication stress and the DNA repair pathways that modulate the cytotoxic activities of these compounds are being *** present an overview of this evolving literature,which has implications for how targeting of Top1 with nucleoside analogs can be used more effectively for cancer treatment.

关键词： DNA topoisomerase 1 cancer chemotherapy cytarabine gemcitabine fluoropyrimidine

地球演化历史中氧逸度变化对壳幔循环启动、风化和超大陆循环的指示（英文）

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Science Bulletin 2024年第1期 97-102页

作者：王瑞邬绍宸 Roberto F.Weinberg william J.Collins Peter A.Cawood State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources Institute of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Frontiers Science Center for Deep-time Digital Earth China University of Geosciences (Beijing) School of Earth Atmosphere and Environment Monash University The Institute for Geoscience Research Curtin University

We apply a zircon redox index to a global compilation of detrital zircons to track the variation of oxidation state, expressed as ΔFMQ, through Earth’s history. Those from I-type rocks, which comprise mantle and crustal igneous protoliths, including tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorites(TTGs), generally have a high oxidation state(ΔFMQ > 0). In contrast, zircons from igneous rocks derived from supracrustal source rocks(S-type) are commonly reduced(ΔFMQ h the probability density function derived from the Gaussian-Kernel-Density-Estimation, we use the maximum likelihood estimation(MLE) to distinguish Stype from I-type zircons through Earth’s history using zircon redox. Voluminous S-type magma production shows a ca. 600 Ma cyclicity that is closely related to the supercontinent cycle. We link a cyclic drop in redox values after 2.6 Ga to periodic S-type magma generation associated with burial and melting of metasedimentary rocks during supercontinent assembly and amalgamation. The ΔFMQ of the detrital zircons rise at ～3.5 Ga followed by a consistent average ΔFMQ > 0 over the last 3 Ga. Given that the redox state of magmas is independent of crustal thickness and silica variation, and elevated values are likely more closely related to tectonic setting, we suggest that the consistent average ΔFMQ > 0 from ca.3.5 Ga onwards relates to recycling of oceanic lithosphere back into the mantle in what eventually became established as subduction zones. The more reduced magmas associated with sedimentary sources, became established at 2.6 Ga, presumably in response to continental rocks rising above sealevel, and follow peaks of productivity associated with the supercontinent cycle.

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