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信贷紧缩非祸首

中国改革 2010年第3期 41-44页

作者：陈飞(翻译) 威廉·鲍尔斯(william powers) 美国国际贸易委员会不详

历史性银行危机的分析。然而，有证据说明，全球贸易融资的减少并未对贸易形成重大冲击。贸易融资对于全球贸易的减少最多只是扮演了一个小角色。

关键词：信贷紧缩贸易融资银行危机全球贸易

2015年美国心脏协会／美国卒中协会对2013年急性缺血性卒中患者早期处理指南关于血管内治疗的局部更新

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国际脑血管病杂志 2015年第11期23卷 801-814页

作者：蔡必扬李华代齐良徐格林南京军区南京总医院神经内科 210002

目的本指南旨在对急性缺血性卒中血管内治疗的现有推荐意见提供局部更新。如相关内容与上一版指南重叠，则以本指南的推荐意见为准。方法此次局部更新对2013年以来发表的8项有关血管内治疗的临床随机试验结果和其他相关资料进行了分析... 详细信息

目的本指南旨在对急性缺血性卒中血管内治疗的现有推荐意见提供局部更新。如相关内容与上一版指南重叠，则以本指南的推荐意见为准。方法此次局部更新对2013年以来发表的8项有关血管内治疗的临床随机试验结果和其他相关资料进行了分析。本文并未对上一版指南发布后的所有文献进行全面回顾，而仅仅纳入了支持对现有推荐意见进行修改的关键性新证据。指南撰写委员会成员由美国心脏协会（American Heart Association，AHA）／美国卒中协会（American Stroke Association，ASA）卒中委员会下属的科学声明监督委员会以及AHA／ASA文稿监督委员会任命。整个指南制定过程严格遵守AHA的利益冲突政策。采用美国心脏协会，美国卒中协会的疗效确定性水平和证据分级方案对推荐意见进行分级。由6名同行评议专家以及卒中委员会科学声明监督委员会和卒中委员会领导委员会成员对指南草案进行发表前审阅。结果本循证指南介绍了急性缺血性卒中血管内治疗的患者选择、操作规程以及促进血管内治疗的医疗体系。结论某些血管内介入操作被证明能够为经过选择的急性缺血性卒中患者提供临床益处，应组建相应的医疗体系以促进血管内治疗的开展。

关键词： AHA科学声明血管内介入治疗动脉内输注神经影像学支架卒中治疗学

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Chinese Political Theory in Dialogue with Rousseau

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Journal of Foreign Languages and Cultures 2022年第1期6卷 123-140,155页

作者： Martin powers University of Michigan

Within the vast body of scholarship on the Enlightenment,only a small portion addresses the role of China in the debates of that *** those,scarcely any concerns the relationship between China and Rousseau's *** the connections are many,and *** essay surveys a body of Chinese political theory available to Rousseau,then compares Rousseau's understanding of sovereignty,the“people,”popular will,public opinion,and the authority of office,with comparable terms present in the Chinese theory available to *** aim of this exercise is not so much to establish influence,though that can be dificult to ***,the essay attermpts to show that Rousseau's system generates contradictions in part because he attempts to combine parliamentary procedure with the conception of sovereignty and the popular will found in his Chinese sources.

关键词： China political theory Rousseau sovereignty popular will checks and balances public opinion corruption

A sweet new study: tropical forest species use nonstructural carbohydrates in different ways during drought

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第4期13卷 387-388页

作者： Jennifer S.powers Departments of Ecology Evolution and Behaviorand Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of MinnesotaSt.PaulMN 55108USA

Anthropogenic climate change results in more than just elevated *** regimes are also impacted,and these changes include altered rainfall amounts,seasonality and variability(Feng et al.2013),and increases in the frequency and severity of droughts(Dai 2013).Climate change is likely to have profound consequences for forests(Brodribb et al.2020).While the potential effects of droughts on forests through tree mortality have been acknowledged for some decades(Karnig and Wyford 1968),a concerted focus on trees and droughts in the scientific literature is relatively *** evidence in support of this claim,a Web of Science search for the key words‘tree and mortality and drought’for the years 1900 through 2020 reveals that 82%of articles on this topic have been published in the last *** such,there is still disagreement on the mechanisms through which individual trees,species and forest communities respond to drought(Brodribb et al.2020).

关键词： drought consequences structural

Real-time in situ detection and quantification of bacteria in the Arctic environment

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2014年第2期7卷 35-45页

作者： Linda powers Walther R.Ellis Jr. Christopher R.Lloyd Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Arizona Tuc sonAZ 85721 Department of Biomedical Enginering University of ArizonaTucsonAz 85721 MicroBioSystems of Arizona 1665.E 18th St.Suite 204TucsonAZ 85719

At present,there are no methods that determine the total micro ial load on an abiotic substra tein real *** utility of such a capability ranges from sterilization and medical diagnostics tothe search for new microorganisms in the environment and study of their ecological *** the development of a hand held,fluorescence detection device and demonstrate its applicability to the field detection of Arctic bacteria,This technology is based on the early pioneering work of Britton Chance which elucidated the intrinsic fiuorescence of a number ofmetabolites and protein cofactors in cels,including reduced pyridine nucleotides,cytochromesand flavins.A PDA controls the device(fluorescence excitation and data collection)and processesthe multiwavelength signals to yield bacterial cell counts,including cstimates of ive cells,deadcells and *** existing methods for cell counting,this method requires no samplecontact or addition of *** use of this technology is demonstrated with in situmea surements of two sub-glacial microbial communities at sites in Palander and colonized surfacerocks in the Bockijord Volcanic Complex during AMASE 2008(Arctic Mars Analog Svalbard Expedition),The total bacterial load on the interrogated sample surfaces ranged from1o9 cells/cm^(2).

关键词： Intrinsic fuorescence microbial sensor optical detection amplitude modulation Svalbard Archipelago.

美国国立神经疾病和卒中研究所-加拿大卒中网血管性认知障碍统一标准

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国际脑血管病杂志 2007年第1期15卷 4-24页

作者： Vladimir Hachinski Costantino Iadecola Ron C.Petersen Monique M.Breteler David L.Nyenhuis Sandra E.Black william J.powers Charles DeCarli Jose G.Merino Raj N.Kalaria Harry V.Vinters David M.Holtzman Gary A.Rosenberg Martin Dichgans John R.Marler Gabrielle G.Leblanc 李焰生（译）俞羚（译）高枚春（译）张静芳（译）熊昕丽（译）邹静（译）林岩（译）潘元美（译）不详上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院神经内科 200127

背景和目的：1／3的个体会罹患卒中和（或）痴呆，而且，除卒中或痴呆外，2倍于此数的人会出现认知障碍。常用的卒中量表并不能评价认知功能，而痴呆的诊断标准则集中在认知障碍的晚期阶段，且在很大程度上偏向Alzheimer病（AD）的诊断... 详细信息

背景和目的：1／3的个体会罹患卒中和（或）痴呆，而且，除卒中或痴呆外，2倍于此数的人会出现认知障碍。常用的卒中量表并不能评价认知功能，而痴呆的诊断标准则集中在认知障碍的晚期阶段，且在很大程度上偏向Alzheimer病（AD）的诊断。尚缺乏普遍公认的标准用于识别和描述存在认知障碍的个体，尤其是在早期阶段，而且特别是与血管因素有关的认知障碍或血管性认知障碍。方法：美国国立神经疾病和卒中研究所（MINDS）与加拿大卒中网（CSN）召集临床诊断、流行病学、神经心理学、脑影像学、神经病理学、试验模型、生物标记物、遗传学和临床试验方面的研究人员，为血管性认知障碍的描述和研究推荐一些最低限度的常用的临床和研究标准。结果：将这些讨论的结果发表于此。结论：一个统一标准的制定代表着使用、确认和改进过程中的第一步。使用相同的标准将有助于在认知障碍的早期阶段识别患者，使不同的研究具有可比性，并且通过整合知识来加速研究进展的步伐。

关键词： Bimwanger病CADASIL 综合征脑梗死脑血管病痴呆遗传学缺血腔隙性梗死白质疏松神经心理学卒中血管性痴呆

Mending a broken heart with novel cardiogenic small molecules

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Cell Regeneration 2022年第1期11卷 188-191页

作者： Nevan powers Guo N.Huang Cardiovascular Research Institute&Department of Physiology University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoSan FranciscoCA 94158USA Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoSan FranciscoCA 94158USA

Adult mammalian cardiomyocytes are unable to proliferate to regenerate lost tissue after heart *** et al.,reporting in Cell Stem Cell,employ a FUCCI-and MADM-based system to screen for small molecules combinations that produced a collaborative effect on cardiomyocyte cycling and *** authors generate a cocktail of five small molecules that increase cardiomyocyte proliferation and regeneration in vitro and in vivo with high efficiency,and explore its potential in cardiac regenerative repair after myocardial infarction through a new potential pathway for cardiomyocyte cell-cycle re-entry.

关键词： cardio cardiac

Effects of historic wildfire and prescribed fire on site occupancy of bats in Shenandoah National Park,Virginia,USA

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第4期31卷 1255-1270页

作者： Lauren V.Austin Alexander Silvis W.Mark Ford Karen E.powers Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA Resource Environmental Solutions WarrentonVA 20187USA U.S.Geological Survey Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research UnitBlacksburgVA 24061USA Biology Department Radford UniversityRadfordVA 24141USA

Given the likelihood of regional extirpation of several once-common bat species in eastern North America from white-nose syndrome,it is critical that the impacts of forest management activities,such as prescribed fire,are known in order to minimize potentially additive negative effects on bat *** wildfires may offer a suitable surrogate to assess long-term burn impacts on bats for planning,implementing and assessing burn *** examine the effects of historic fire on bats,we sampled bat activities at 24 transect locations in burned and unburned forest stands in the central Appalachian Mountains of Shenandoah National Park(SNP),Virginia,*** was limited evidence of positive fire effects over time on hoary bats(Lasiurus cinereus Beauvois)and big brown bats(Eptesicus fuscus Beauvois)***,there were few or mostly equivocal relationships of bat occupancy relative to burn conditions or time since fire in SNP across species using a false-positive occupancy *** results suggest that fire does not strongly affect bat site occupancy short-or long-term in the central Appalachians.

关键词： Appalachian mountains Bats False-positive occupancy Prescribed fire Wildfire

On the Necessary Grid Resolution for Verified Calculation of Premixed Laminar Flames

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Communications in Computational Physics 2010年第7期8卷 304-326页

作者： Ashraf N.Al-Khateeb Joseph M.powers Samuel Paolucci Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering University of Notre DameNotre DameIndiana 46556-5637USA

We consider the grid resolution necessary to resolve combustion in a mixture of calorically imperfect ideal gases described by detailed kinetics and multicomponent *** the steady premixed laminar flame as a paradigm,the required spatial discretization to capture all detailed physics in the reaction zone is found via 1)determination of the finest grid used in a standard software tool which employs adaptive mesh refinement,2)examination of peak values of intermediate species mass fractions in the flame zone as a function of grid size,3)a formal grid resolution study,and 4)a robust new eigenvalue analysis developed to estimate the finest length *** to laminar premixed flames in hydrogen-air flames reveals that the finest length scale is on the order of 10^(−4) cm for combustion at atmospheric *** at this scale is shown to be necessary to capture detailed species mass fraction profiles;other features such as steady flame speeds and equilibrium thermochemical properties do not have such a stringent length scale requirement.

关键词： Length scales premixed flames detailed kinetics