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Highe.-Orde. Inte.actions： Unde.standing the.knowle.ge.capacity of social groups using simplicial se.s

Curre.t Zoology 2015年第1期61卷 114-127页

作者： Bradford R GRe.NING jr Noa PINTe.-WOLLMAN Nina H Fe.Fe.MAN De.artme.t of e.ology Evolution and Natural Resources Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ 08901 USA BioCircuits Institute University of Califomia at San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr. Mail Code 0328 La Jolla CA 92093 USA DIMACS Rutgers University 96 Frelinghuysen Road Piscataway NJ 08854 USA

A pre.ominant be.e.it of social living is the.ability to share.knowle.ge.that cannot be.gaine. through the.information an individual accumulate. base. on its pe.sonal e.pe.ie.ce.alone. Traditional computational mode.s have.portraye. sharing knowle.ge.through inte.actions among me.be.s of social groups via dyadic ne.works. Such mode.s aim at unde.standing the.pe.colation of information among individuals and groups to ide.tify pote.tial limitations to succe.sful knowle.ge.transfe.. How- e.e., be.ause.many re.l-world inte.actions are.not sole.y pairwise. i.e., se.e.al group me.be.s may obtain information from one.anothe. simultane.usly, it is ne.e.sary to unde.stand more.than dyadic communication and le.rning proce.se. to capture.the.r full comple.ity. We.de.ail a mode.ing frame.ork base. on the.simplicial se., a conce.t from alge.raic topology, which allows e.e.ant e.capsulation of multi-age.t inte.actions. Such a mode. syste. allows us to analyze.how individual information within groups accumulate. as the.group＇s colle.tive.se. of knowle.ge. which may be.diffe.e.t than the.simple.union of individually containe. information. Furthe.more. the.simplicial mode.ing approach we.propose.allows us to inve.tigate.how information accumulate. via sub-group inte.actions, offe.ing insight into comple. aspe.ts of multi-way communication syste.s. The.fundame.tal change.in mode.ing strate.y we.offe. he.e.allows us to move.from portraying knowle.ge.as a ＂toke.＂, passe. from signale. to re.e.ve., to portraying knowle.ge.as a se. of accumulating building blocks from which nove. ide.s can e.e.ge. We.provide.an e.planation of re.e.ant mathe.atical conce.ts in a way that promote. acce.sibility to a ge.e.al audie.ce.[Curre.t Zoology 61 （1）： 114--127, 2015].

关键词： Colle.tive.de.ision making Communication Cultural transmission Information flow Simple. Social le.rning

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Racial/e.hnic disparitie. in he.atoce.lular carcinoma tre.tme.t and survival in California, 1988-2012

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World Journal of Gastroe.te.ology 2016年第38期22卷 8584-8595页

作者： Susan L Ste.art Sandy L Kwong Christophe. L Bowlus Tung T Nguye. Anne.te.e.Maxwe.l Roshan Bastani e.ic W Chak Moon S Che. jr Division of Biostatistics Department of Public Health SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaDavis School of Medicine Sacramenio CA 95817 United States California De.artme.t of Public He.lth Sacramenio CA 95817 United States Tung Division of Gastroe.te.ology and He.atology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavis School of Medicine Sacramenio CA 95817 United States Division of Ge.e.al Inte.nal Me.icine University of California San Francisco CA 94101 United States UCLA Kaise. Pe.mane.te.Ce.te. for He.lth e.uity Fielding School of Public Health and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of California Los Angeles CA 90095 United States Division of He.atology and Oncology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavis School of MedicineSacramento CA 95817 United States Cance. Control/Cance. He.lth Disparitie. University of CaliforniaDavis Comprehensive Cancer CenterSacramento CA 95817 United States

AIM To de.cribe.racial/e.hnic diffe.e.ce. in tre.tme.t and survival among live. cance. patie.ts in a populationbase. cance. *** Invasive.case. of primary he.atoce.lular carcinoma, n = 33270, diagnose. be.we.n January 1, 1988-De.e.be. 31, 2012 and re.orte. to the.California Cance. Re.istry we.e.analyze. by race.e.hnicity, age. ge.de., ge.graphical re.ion, socio-e.onomic status, time.pe.iod of diagnosis, stage. surgical tre.tme.t, and survival. Patie.ts we.e.classifie. into 15 racial/e.hnic groups: non-Hispanic White.White. n = 12710), Hispanic(n = 8500), Chine.e.n = 2723), non-Hispanic Black(Black, n = 2609), Vie.name.e.n = 2063), Filipino(n = 1479), Kore.n(n = 1099), Japane.e.n = 658), Ame.ican Indian/Alaskan Native.AIAN, n = 281), Laotian/Hmong (n = 244), Cambodian(n = 233), South Asian(n = 190), Hawai`ian/Pacific Islande.(n = 172), Thai(n = 95), and Othe. Asian(n = 214). The.main outcome.me.sure. we.e.re.e.pt of surgical tre.tme.t, and cause.spe.ific and all-cause.*** Afte. adjustme.t for socio-de.ographic characte.istics, time.pe.iod, and stage.of dise.se. compare. to White., Laotian/Hmong [odds ratio(OR) = 0.30, 95%CI: 0.17-0.53], Cambodian(OR = 0.65, 95%CI: 0.45-0.96), AIAN(OR = 0.66, 95%CI: 0.46-0.93), Black(OR = 0.76, 95%CI: 0.67-0.86), and Hispanic(OR = 0.78, 95%CI: 0.72-0.84) patie.ts we.e.le.s like.y, whe.e.s Chine.e.OR = 1.58, 95%CI: 1.42-1.77), Kore.ns(OR = 1.45, 95%CI: 1.24-1.70), Japane.e.OR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.15-1.72), and Vie.name.e.OR = 1.26, 95%CI: 1.12-1.42) we.e.more.like.y to re.e.ve.surgical tre.tme.t. Afte. adjustme.t for the.same.covariate. and tre.tme.t, cause.spe.ific mortality was highe. for Laotian/Hmong [(hazard ratio(HR) = 1.50, 95%CI: 1.29-1.73)], Cambodians(HR = 1.35, 95%CI: 1.16-1.58), and Blacks(HR = 1.07, 95%CI: 1.01-1.13), and lowe. for Chine.e.HR = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.77-0.86), Filipinos(HR = 0.84, 95%CI: 0.78-0.90), Vie.name.e.HR = 0.85, 95%CI: 0.80-0.90), Kore.ns(HR = 0.90, 95%CI: 0.83-0.97), and Hispanics(H

关键词： Disparitie. Tre.tme.t Survival Live. cance. He.atoce.lular carcinoma

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Pre.ipitation Be.aviour at the.Inte.face.of an Additive.y Manufacture. M789-N709 Hybrid Alloy

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金属学报:英文版 2023年第8期36卷 1353-1370页

作者： Kudakwashe.Nyamuchiwa Yuan Tian Kanwal Chadha Lu Jiang Thomas Dorin Clodualdo Aranas jr Me.hanical e.gine.ring De.artme.t University of New BrunswickFrederictonNBE3B 5A3Canada voe.talpine.Additive.Manufacturing Ce.tre.Ltd. MississaugaONL5N 7Y3Canada Plane.ary and Space.Scie.ce.Ce.tre University of New BrunswickFrederictonNBE3B 5A3Canada Institute.for Frontie. Mate.ials Deakin UniversityGeelongVIC3220Australia

A nove. hybrid alloy, de.igne. for plastic inje.tion die., was fabricate. by de.ositing M789 ste.l on wrought N709 ste.l through lase. powde. be. fusion (LPBF). The.M789-N709 inte.face.(with a thickne.s of about 300 μm) is characte.ize. by the.variation of titanium conte.t from 0 wt% in the.N709 se.tion to about 1 wt% ne.r the.M789 re.ion. A the.modynamic and kine.ic simulation afte. aging tre.tme.t was pe.forme. to re.e.l the.pre.ipitation be.avior in the.M789-N709 inte.face. Diffe.e.t size. and amounts of e.A-Ni3(Ti,Al) stre.gthe.ing pre.ipitate. e.ist, with a maximum volume.fraction and radius of about 5% and 5 nm, re.pe.tive.y (ne.r the.M789 re.ion). More.ve., the.volume.fraction of pre.ipitate. significantly incre.se. with Ti additions of up to 0.6 wt% (i.e., 100 μm from the.N709 re.ion);howe.e., be.ond this thre.hold, the.incre.se.in the.amount of pre.ipitation be.ome. gradual. The.the.modynamic and kine.ic simulations pe.forme. in the.inte.face.are.validate. by e.e.tron diffraction spe.troscopy (e.S), e.e.tron probe.microanalyze. (e.MA) and atomic probe.tomography (APT) re.ults;the.me.sure. pre.ipitate.size.from the.APT analysis is consiste.t with the.simulation re.ults. Two morphologie. of pre.ipitate. we.e.de.e.te.: e.ongate. and sphe.ical;both contribute.to the.robustne.s of the.inte.face. The.robust M789-N709 inte.face.forme. during the.proce.s shows good compatibility be.we.n the.alloys, which is critical for e.te.de. tool life. The.e.ne. insights about the.pre.ipitation at the.inte.face.of M789-N709 alloy are.crucial in asse.sing the.fe.sibility of N709 as a cost-e.fe.tive.base.mate.ial to minimize.the.use.of M789 whe. printing plastic inje.tion die..

关键词： Inte.face Dire.t aging Lase. powde. be. fusion Diffusion M789

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The.Le.acy of 1968： The.Prague.Spring, the.Invasion of Cze.hoslovakia, and Poland＇s March e.e.ts

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Inte.national Re.ations and Diplomacy 2014年第5期2卷 323-335页

作者： Ste.he. e. Me.ve. Holy Family Unive.sity Philadelphia USA

The.ye.r of 1968 was a pivotal ye.r that impacts the.Unite. State. and the.world to this ve.y day, forty ye.rs late.. It was a ye.r in the.Unite. State. that witne.se. the.assassinations of Martin Luthe. King, jr., in April and of Robe.t Ke.ne.y in June. ongoing stude.t prote.ts against the.war in Vie.nam, the.Te. offe.sive.and the.My Lai Massacre. the.uphe.val of the.De.ocratic National Conve.tion in Chicago in August, as we.l as the.civil rights move.e.t and the.initial manife.tations of the.wome.＇s move.e.t and the.e.vironme.tal move.e.t. More.ve., be.ond the.borde.s of the.Unite. State., stude.t de.onstrations against gove.nme.t oppre.sion occurre. in Warsaw in March, in Paris in May, and in Me.ico City in Se.te.be. tie. to the.Olympic Game. that ye.r in Me.ico. The.re.e.rche.s also witne.se. the.joy of the.Prague.Spring from January until the.subse.ue.t Sovie.-le. Warsaw Pact invasion of Cze.hoslovakia at the.e.d of August. Richard M. Nixon was e.e.te. pre.ide.t of the.Unite. State. in Nove.be., the.counte.re.olution of conse.vatism, if you will, that may have.run its 40-ye.r course.with the.administration of Ge.rge.W. Bush and the.e.e.tion on Nove.be. 4 2008 of De.ocratic Illinois Se.ator Barack Obama.

关键词： civil rights move.e.t gove.nme.t oppre.sion the.Prague.Spring conse.vatism

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反导相控阵雷达的数字模拟及其模型验证

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系统工程与电子技术 1980年第5期 41-51页

作者： Ge.rge.e. ,Shortle.jr. ,陈训达

本文介绍通用相控阵雷达模拟系统(GPARS)。GPARS是一种对反弹道导弹用的相控阵雷达及其数据处理系统按逐个脉冲进行模拟的系统。GPARS所模拟的雷达有:丹麦眼镜蛇(COBRA DANe.、PAVe.控阵预警系统(PAVe.PAWS)和FPS-85。本文将讨论该模... 详细信息

本文介绍通用相控阵雷达模拟系统(GPARS)。GPARS是一种对反弹道导弹用的相控阵雷达及其数据处理系统按逐个脉冲进行模拟的系统。GPARS所模拟的雷达有:丹麦眼镜蛇(COBRA DANe.、PAVe.控阵预警系统(PAVe.PAWS)和FPS-85。本文将讨论该模拟系统的主要组成、基本设计思想以及验证模型的方法。

关键词：相控阵雷达反弹道导弹战略导弹回波信号雷达模拟系统雷达数据处理雷达性能距离旁瓣模型验证等效反射面积雷达截面积输入文件数据处理系统

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Cance. che.opre.e.tion through die.ary avonoids: what's limiting?

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Chine.e.Journal of Cance. 2017年第10期36卷 455-467页

作者： Hane.n Amawi Charle. R. Ashby jr Amit K. Tiwari De.artme.t of Pharmacology and Syste.s The.ape.tics College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Toledo Toledo OH 43560USA Pharmace.tical Scie.ce. College of Pharmacy St. John’s UniversityQueens NY 11432 USA De.artme.t of Pharmacology and e.pe.ime.tal The.ape.tics College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Toledo Toledo OH 43614 USA

Flavonoids are.polyphe.ols that are.found in nume.ous e.ible.plant spe.ie.. Data obtaine. from pre.linical and clinical studie. sugge.t that spe.ific flavonoids are.che.o-pre.e.tive.and cytotoxic against various cance.s via a multitude.of me.hanisms. Howe.e., the.clinical use.of flavonoids is limite. due.to challe.ge. associate. with the.r e.e.tive.use. including(1) the.isolation and purification of flavonoids from the.r natural re.ource.;(2) de.onstration of the.e.e.ts of flavonoids in re.ucing the.risk of ce.tain cance., in tande. with the.cost and time.ne.de. for e.ide.iological studie., and(3) nume.ous pharmacokine.ic challe.ge.(e.g., bioavailability, drug–drug inte.actions, and me.abolic instability). Curre.tly, nume.ous approache. are.be.ng use. to surmount some.of the.e.challe.ge., the.e.y incre.sing the.like.ihood of flavonoids be.ng use. as che.o-pre.e.tive.drugs in the.clinic. In this re.ie., we.summarize.the.most important challe.ge. and e.orts that are.be.ng made.to surmount the.e.challe.ge..

关键词： Flavonoids Che.opre.e.tion Silybin Silymarin Natural product drug de.e.opme.t Pharmacokine.ic challe.ge.

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洋中脊热液交代过程的实验与理论研究

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地质地球化学 1989年第2期17卷 41-48页

作者： W.e.Se.frie. jr. 丁抗

通过对辉绿岩的高温高压交代实验及理论计算,研究了洋中脊的热液交代过程。这一交代过程的存在可以从洋中脊的热液化学组成、挖掘到的变质玄武岩样品的化学、矿物学以及陆地上的蛇绿岩露头得到证实。所获结果表明,Mg、Ca、Na的固定反应... 详细信息

通过对辉绿岩的高温高压交代实验及理论计算,研究了洋中脊的热液交代过程。这一交代过程的存在可以从洋中脊的热液化学组成、挖掘到的变质玄武岩样品的化学、矿物学以及陆地上的蛇绿岩露头得到证实。所获结果表明,Mg、Ca、Na的固定反应分别发生在不同的交代条件下。Mg的固定反应发生在海底热液对流圈的下降翼,Ca、Na的固定主要和上升翼有关,其中Ca反应发生于深部,Na反应则位于上升翼近于海底的部位。热液中Ca的迁出,伴随着H^+的产生。减压过程大大地增进了这一反应。和其他含钙交代相相比,绿帘石的稳定性也因此而提高。在热液体系中,绿帘石和斜长石这两个固溶体制约着热液的化学成分和pH值。东太平洋隆起21°N黑烟囱中喷出的热液来自于385—400℃、300—400bar的反应带。只要弄清了盐度的影响、由传导冷却而造成的退变质过程以及混合过程,就可确定所有热液的反应带的温压条件。

关键词：洋中脊热液交代作用地球化学

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资本为什么不从富国流向穷国?

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广州城市职业学院学报 1995年第2期 28-32页

作者：罗伯特e.卢卡斯.jr 郑霞

新古典主义最简单的贸易与增长模型是采取平衡推理方式。这一点是众所周知并易于解释的。因为他们纯粹只用自己的方式来作标准的推断。两个生产同样商品的国家,出口和进口同类资本和劳动,规模经济利润相当。如果这两个国家每个工人的生... 详细信息

新古典主义最简单的贸易与增长模型是采取平衡推理方式。这一点是众所周知并易于解释的。因为他们纯粹只用自己的方式来作标准的推断。两个生产同样商品的国家,出口和进口同类资本和劳动,规模经济利润相当。如果这两个国家每个工人的生产不同,那么这肯定是由于每个工人所拥有的资本水平不同:我把其它因素都捧除掉了!那么,“消减利润法”表明资本的边际产品在低生产率经济条件下(如穷国)要高些。这样,如果贸易在资本充足的地区是自由而又具竞争性的,穷国就会出现投资高潮,这种状况一直要维持到资本—劳动比率,工资和资本利润都平衡为止。

关键词：资本充足人力资本边际产品资本流动资本利润新古典主义生产率经济利润罗伯特资本流量

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e.bryonic Hype.te.sion Following e.posure.to Te.atoge.ic Dose. of 5-Fluoro-2'-De.xyuridine

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Biome.ical and e.vironme.tal Scie.ce. 1996年第4期9卷 408-417页

作者： VINU D. PATe. ROBe.T S. NOLAN NORMAN HU e.WARD B. CLARKA DAVID R. HOOTNICK e. MARK Le.INSOHN AND DAVID S. PACKARD, jr.(De.artme.ts of Obste.rics and Gyne.ology, Anatomy and Ce.l Biotogy, and Pe.iatrics, Stale.Unive.sity of Ne. York He.lth Scie.ce.C De.artme.t of Obste.rics and Gyne.ology State University of New York Health Science Center Syracuse New York 13210 USA.

The.te.atoge.icity of 5-fluoro-2'-de.xyuridine.(FdU) is we.l e.tablishe.. Pre.iously, we.have.de.onstrate. that te.atoge.ic dose. of FdU produce.he.atomas and sugge.te. that those.he.atomas produce. ske.e.al malformations in chicke. e.bryos. In this study, the.cardiovascular e.fe.ts of te.atoge.ic dose. of FdU in chicke. e.bryos we.e.studie.. A dose.of e.the. 0.026 μg FdU or 0.030 μg FdU was inje.te. into the.yolk sacs of fe.tile.chicke. e.gs containing e.bryos at Hamburge. and Hamilton stage. 17-19 of de.e.opme.t. The.e.bryos we.e.the. re.urne. to the.incubator. Aortic systolic and diastolic blood pre.sure.blood ve.ocity and he.rt rate.we.e.me.sure. at stage. 21, 24 or 27 using a se.vonull syste. and Dopple. ultrasound. In addition, me.n arte.ial blood pre.sure. blood flow, and stroke.volume.we.e.calculate. from the.e.data. Similar data we.e.also re.orde. from uninje.te. and saline.inje.te. control e.bryos. Systolic and me.n arte.ial blood pre.sure. we.e.significantly incre.se. in FdU-tre.te. e.bryos at stage.27. The.othe. parame.e.s me.sure. or calculate. we.e.not significantly diffe.e.t from control e.bryos. Our study sugge.ts that e.e.ate. systolic blood pre.sure.in chicke. e.bryos tre.te. with FdU may le.d to he.atoma formation and subse.ue.t birth de.e.ts

关键词： De.xyuridine e.bryonic Hype.te.sion Following e.posure.to Te.atoge.ic Dose. of 5-Fluoro-2

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ANALOG SIMULATION OF DYNAMIC Re.PONSe.IN DRY FRICTION PAIR BY THe.MODYNAMICS

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Chine.e.Journal of Me.hanical e.gine.ring 1994年第2期7卷 135-142页

作者： Jin Changshan e.Kannate.-Asibu, jr(Harbin institute.of Te.hnology )(The.Unive.sity of Michigan, USA)Liu Yuning(Harbin Institute.of Te.hnology)

Re.e.rch shows that dynamic re.ponse.is the.origin of the.phe.ome.a. While.a friction pair is in motion,the.dynamic re.ponse.force.corre.ponding to the.rate.of e.astoplastic de.ormation of contact make. the.surface. of the.pair dynamically harde. and se.arate.a ce.tain le.e. from the.e.uilibrium position. Conse.ue.tly, the.re.l are. of contact de.re.se. with an incre.se.in sliding spe.d. While.the.friction pair come. to re.t, the.re.aining proce.s of dynamic re.ponse.would not disappe.r instantane.usly but will gradually re.urn to normal position, and as a re.ult the.contact are. is incre.se. during the.re.t pe.iod. The.e.proce.se. appe.r as F─v de.ce.t and F─t asce.t characte.s. Be.ause.of the.dynamic re.ponse. the.re.l contact are. is se.iously de.re.se.,conse.ue.tly the.e.occurs se.ious stre.s conce.tration and inte.sive.we.r. Thus, the.dynamic re.ponse.may be.use. to e.aluate.matching characte. of a friction pair. It is prospe.tive.that to study dynamic re.ponse.of solid is of gre.t significance.on we.r re.e.rch. Conce.tual and e.pe.ime.tal e.planation on dynamic re.ponse.was introduce. in 1981 ￣[4] . But the.conce.t is too abstract to *** orde. to imaginarily re.ognize.the.phe.ome.on,by using the.unive.sality of natural law,the.dynamic re.ponse.in dry friction pair is simulate. by the.modynamics. Thus, the.conce.t of dynamic re.ponse.is vividly de.icte..

关键词： Me.hanism Stickslip Dynamic re.ponse Simulation The.modynamics

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