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The multi-kingdom microbiome catalog of the chicken gastrointestinal tract

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Biosafety and Health 2024年第2期6卷 101-115页

作者： Yanan Wang Mengqi Qu Yuhai Bi william j.Liu Sufang Ma Bo Wan Yongfei Hu Baoli Zhu Gaiping Zhang George F.Gao International j.int Research Center of National Animal Immunology College of Veterinary MedicineHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450046China CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100101China Longhu Laboratory Zhengzhou 450046China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Chicken is an important food animal worldwide and plays an important role in human life by providing meat and *** recent significant advances in gut microbiome studies,a comprehensive study of chicken gut bacterial,archaeal,and viral genomes remains *** this study,we constructed a chicken multi-kingdom microbiome catalog(CMKMC),including 18,201 bacterial,225 archaeal,and 33,411 viral genomes,and annotated over 6,076,006 protein-coding genes by integrating 135 chicken gut metagenomes and publicly available metagenome-assembled genomes(MAGs)from ten *** found that 812 and 240 MAGs in our dataset were putative novel species and genera,respectively,far beyond what was previously *** newly unclassified MAGs were predominant in Phyla Firmicutes_A(n=263),followed by Firmicutes(n=126),Bacteroidota(n=121),and Proteobacteria(n=87).Most of the classified species-level viral oper-ational taxonomic units belong to ***,63.24%of chicken gut viromes are predicted to infect two or more hosts,including complete circular ***,we found that diverse auxiliary metabolic genes and antibiotic resistance genes were carried by ***,our CMKMC provides the largest integrated MAGs and viral genomes from the chicken gut to date,functional insights into the chicken gastrointestinal tract microbiota,and paves the way for microbial interventions for better chicken health and productivity.

关键词： Chicken Microbiome Metagenome assembled genomes Archaeome Virome Antibiotic resistance gene

The secondary inj.ry cascade after spinal cord inj.ry: an analysis of local cytokine/chemokine regulation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1308-1317页

作者： Daniel j.Hellenbrand Charles M.Quinn Zachariah j.Piper Ryan T.Elder Raveena R.Mishra Taylor L.Marti Phoebe M.Omuro Rylie M.Roddick j.e Sung Lee william L.Murphy Amgad S.Hanna Department of Neurosurgery University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Forward BIO Institute University of Wisconsin-Madison

After spinal cord inj.ry, there is an extensive infiltration of immune cells, which exacerbates the inj.ry and leads to further neural degeneration. Therefore, a maj.r aim of current research involves targeting the immune response as a treatment for spinal cord inj.ry. Although much research has been performed analyzing the complex inflammatory process following spinal cord inj.ry, there remain maj.r discrepancies within previous literature regarding the timeline of local cytokine regulation. The obj.ctives of this study were to establish an overview of the timeline of cytokine regulation for 2 weeks after spinal cord inj.ry, identify sexual dimorphisms in terms of cytokine levels, and determine local cytokines that significantly change based on the severity of spinal cord inj.ry. Rats were inflicted with either a mild contusion, moderate contusion, severe contusion, or complete transection, 7 mm of spinal cord centered on the inj.ry was harvested at varying times post-inj.ry, and tissue homogenates were analyzed with a Cytokine/Chemokine 27-Plex assay. Results demonstrated pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 were all upregulated after spinal cord inj.ry, but returned to uninj.red levels within approximately 24 hours post-inj.ry, while chemokines including monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 remained upregulated for days post-inj.ry. In contrast, several anti-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors including interleukin-10 and vascular endothelial growth factor were downregulated by 7 days post-inj.ry. After spinal cord inj.ry, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, which specifically affects astrocytes involved in glial scar development, increased more than all other cytokines tested, reaching 26.9-fold higher than uninj.red rats. After a mild inj.ry, 11 cytokines demonstrated sexual dimorphisms; however, after a severe contusion only leptin levels were different between female and male rats. In conclus

关键词： astrocytes chemokines cytokines inflammation macrophages microglia secondary damage spinal cord inj.ry

An Overview of MODIS Radiometric Calibration and Characterization

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2006年第1期23卷 69-79页

作者： Xiaoxiong XIONG william barnes Earth Sciences Directorate NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD 20771 USA University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD 21250 USA

The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer （MODIS） is one of the key instruments for NASA＇s Earth Observing System （EOS）, currently operating on both the Terra and Aqua satellites. The MODIS is a maj.r advance over the previous generation of sensors in terms of its spectral, spatial, and temporal resolutions. It has 36 spectral bands： 20 reflective solar bands （RSB） with center wavelengths from 0.41 to 2.1 μm and 16 thermal emissive bands （TEB） with center wavelengths from 3.7 to 14.4 μm, making observations at three spatial resolutions： 250 m （bands 1-2）, 500 m （bands 3-7）, and lkm （bands 8-36）. MODIS is a cross-track scanning radiometer with a wide field-of-view, providing a complete global coverage of the Earth in less than 2 days. Both Terra and Aqua MODIS went through extensive pre-launch calibration and characterization at various levels. In orbit, the calibration and characterization tasks are performed using its on-board calibrators （OBCs） that include a solar diffuser （SD） and a solar diffuser stability monitor （SDSM）, a v-grooved flat panel blackbody （BB）, and a spectro-radiometric calibration assembly （SRCA）. In this paper, we present an overview of MODIS calibration and characterization activities, methodologies, and lessons learned from pre-launch characterization and in-orbit operation. Key issues discussed in this paper include in-orbit efforts of monitoring the noise characteristics of the detectors, tracking the solar diffuser and optics degradations, and updating the sensor＇s response versus scan angle. The experiences and lessons learned through MODIS have played and will continue to play maj.r roles in the design and characterization of future sensors.

关键词： EOS remote sensing Terra Aqua MODIS sensor calibration radiometry

Agriculture green development in China: insights and advances

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第1期11卷 5-19,I0005页

作者： j.anbo SHEN Qichao ZHU Yong HOU Wen-Feng CONG Wen XU j.uliang XU Zhichao AN Xiaoqiang j.AO Kai ZHANG Tianxiang YU Lin MA Oene OENEMA william j.DAVIES Fusuo ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNational Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources Center for Agricultural Resources ResearchInstitute of Genetic and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050021China Wageningen Environmental Research Wageningen University&ResearchWageningen6700 AAthe Netherlands Lancaster Environment Centre University of LancasterLancasterLA14YQUK

Reconciling the tasks of producing adequate amounts of nutritious food for the increasing global population while preserving the environment and natural ecosystems simultaneously is an enormous challenge. The concept of agriculture green development(AGD) and the necessary governmental policies were developed to address the aforementioned challenge in China and to help achieve the related global sustainable development goals. Agriculture green development emphasizes the synergy between green and development;current agriculture has to transform from the intensive farming with high inputs, high environmental impacts and low resource-use efficiency to a more sustainable agriculture, in order to ensure an adequate supply of nutritious food while delivering environmental integrity, improved economic profitability,and social equity. A research program on AGD was established by China Agricultural University with four research themes, namely: green crop production, green integrated crop-animal production, green food and industry,and green ecological environment and ecosystem services, to provide a scientific basis for future developments and to facilitate the implementation of AGD in practice. AGD requires a multistakeholder approach, fueled by innovative and interdisciplinary research. j.int actions have to be taken by governments, farmers, supply industries, consumers, educators, extension services and researchers to support AGD. This requires strong coordination and public awareness campaigns. This review presents the progress that has been made over the past 5 years and makes recommendations for more research and development, in order to better deliver agricultural green and sustainable development on national and international scales.

关键词： Agriculture ecosystem services environmental protection food security green development multi-sectoral cooperation sustainable development

Macroalgal deep genomics illuminate multiple paths to aquatic,photosynthetic multicellularity

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Molecular Plant 2024年第5期17卷 747-771页

作者： David R.Nelson Alexandra Mystikou Ashish j.iswal Cecilia Rad-Menendez Michael j.Preston Frederik De Boever Diana C.El Assal Sarah Daakour Michael W.Lomas j.an-Claude Twizere David H.Green william C.Ratcliff Kourosh Salehi-Ashtiani Division of Science and Math New York University Abu DhabiAbu DhabiUAE Center for Genomics and Systems Biology(CGSB) New York University Abu DhabiAbu DhabiUAE Biotechnology Research Center Technology Innovation InstitutePO Box 9639Masdar CityAbu DhabiUAE Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa Scottish Association for Marine ScienceObanScotlandUK National Center for Marine Algae and Microbiota Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean SciencesEast BoothbayMEUSA Laboratory of Viral Interactomes GIGA InstituteUniversity of LiegeLiegeBelgium School of Biological Sciences Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA

Macroalgae are multicellular,aquatic autotrophs that play vital roles in global climate maintenance and have diverse applications in biotechnology and eco-engineering,which are directly linked to their multicellularity ***,their genomic diversity and the evolutionary mechanisms underlying multicellularity in these organisms remain *** this study,we sequenced 110 macroalgal genomes from diverse climates and phyla,and identified key genomic features that distinguish them from their microalgal *** for cell adhesion,extracellular matrix formation,cell polarity,transport,and cell differentiation distinguish macroalgae from microalgae across all three maj.r phyla,constituting conserved and unique gene sets supporting multicellular *** genes show phylum-and climate-specific expansions that may facilitate niche ***,our study reveals genetic determinants of convergent and divergent evolutionary traj.ctories that have shaped morphological diversity in macroalgae and provides genome-wide frameworks to understand photosynthetic multicellular evolution in aquatic environments.

关键词： macroalgae multicellularity comparative genomics evolution adhesome endogenous viral elements

Ground-based and additional science support for SMILE

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 275-298页

作者： j.A.Carter M.Dunlop C.Forsyth K.Oksavik E.Donovon A.Kavanagh S.E.Milan T.Sergienko R.C.Fear D.G.Sibeck M.Connors T.Yeoman X.Tan M.G.G.T.Taylor K.Mcwilliams j.Gj.rloev R.barnes D.D.Billet G.Chisham A.Dimmock M.P.Freeman D.-S.Han M.D.Hartinger S.-Y.W.Hsieh Z.-j.Hu M.K.j.mes L.j.usola K.Kauristie E.A.Kronberg M.Lester j.Manuel j.Matzka I.McCrea Y.Miyoshi j.Rae L.Ren F.Sigernes E.Spanswick K.Sterne A.Steuwer T.Sun M.-T.Walach B.Walsh C.Wang j.Weygand j.Wild j.Yan j.Zhang Q.-H.Zhang Planetary Sciences Group School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterUniversity RoadLeicesterLE17RHUK Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Space Science Technology Facilities CouncilOxfordshireUK School of Space and Environment Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Space Environment Monitoring and Information Processing Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyBeijing 100017China Department of Space and Climate Physics UCLMullard Space Science LaboratoryHolmbury St.MaryDorkingSurreyRH56NTUK Birkeland Centre for Space Science Department of Physics and Technology.University of BergenBergenNorway Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Calgary2500 University DriveCalgaryAlbertaCanada T2N 1N4 British Antarctic Survey CambridgeUK Swedish Institute of Space Physics KirunaSweden West Highfield Campus University of SouthamptonUniversity RoadSO171BJUK Goddard Space Flight Center NASAGreenbeltMarylandUSA Athabasca University AthabascaCanada ESTEC European Space AgencyNetherlands University of Saskatchewan SaskatoonCanada The j.hns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory LaurelMarylandUSA Swedish Institude of Space Physics UppsalaSE 75121Sweden Tongj. University Shanghai 200092China Center for Space Plasma Physics Space Science Institute4765 Walnut Street Suite BBoulderColorado80301USA Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai 200136China Finnish Meteorological Institute(FMI) Finland Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences(Geophysics) Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich(LMU)MunichTheresienstr.41MunichD-80333Germany Canadian Space Agency MontrealCanada GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences PotsdamGermany Nagoya University Institute for Space Earth Environment ResearchCenter for Integrated Data ScienceNagoyaAichiJP 464-8601 Northumbria University Newcastle upon TyneTyne and WearUK NE18ST National Space Science Center Chinese Academy SciencesBeijing 100190China Arctic Geophysics University Centre in Svalbard

The j.int European Space Agency and Chinese Academy of Sciences Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)mission will explore global dynamics of the magnetosphere under varying solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field conditions,and simultaneously monitor the auroral response of the Northern Hemisphere *** these large-scale responses with medium and fine-scale measurements at a variety of cadences by additional ground-based and space-based instruments will enable a much greater scientific impact beyond the original goals of the SMILE ***,we describe current community efforts to prepare for SMILE,and the benefits and context various experiments that have explicitly expressed support for SMILE can offer.A dedicated group of international scientists representing many different experiment types and geographical locations,the Ground-based and Additional Science Working Group,is facilitating these *** include constructing an online SMILE Data Fusion Facility,the discussion of particular or special modes for experiments such as coherent and incoherent scatter radar,and the consideration of particular observing strategies and spacecraft *** anticipate growing interest and community engagement with the SMILE mission,and we welcome novel ideas and insights from the solar-terrestrial community.

关键词： magnetosphere ionosphere magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling ground-based experimentation SMILE conj.nctions missions

Considerations for the use of porcine organ donation models in preclinical organ donor intervention research

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期7卷 283-296页

作者： Frazer I.Heinis Shaheed Merani Nicholas W.Markin Kim F.Duncan Michael j.Moulton Lance Fristoe william E.Thorell Raechel A.Sherrick Tami R.Wells Matthew T.Andrews Marian Urban School of Natural Resources Institute of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesUniversity of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNebraskaUSA Division of Transplantation and Vascular Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Department of Anesthesiology University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Clinical Perfusion Nebraska Medicine-Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Department of Neurosurgery University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Nutrition and Health Sciences College of Education and Human SciencesUniversity of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNebraskaUSA Department of Comparative Medicine University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA

Use of animal models in preclinical transplant research is essential to the optimization of human allografts for clinical *** models of organ donation and preservation help to advance and improve technical elements of solid organ recovery and facilitate research of ischemia-reperfusion inj.ry,organ preservation strategies,and future donor-based *** considerations include cost,public opinion regarding the conduct of animal research,translational value,and relevance of the animal model for clinical *** present an overview of two porcine models of organ donation:donation following brain death(DBD)and donation following circulatory death(DCD).The cardiovascular anatomy and physiology of pigs closely resembles those of humans,making this species the most appropriate for pre-clinical *** are also considered a potential source of organs for human heart and kidney *** is imperative to minimize animal loss during procedures that are surgically *** present our experience with these models and describe in detail the use cases,procedural approach,challenges,alternatives,and limitations of each model.

关键词： animal model brain death circulatory death organ transplantation

Microplastic exposure disturbs sleep structure,reduces lifespan,and decreases ovary size in Drosophila melanogaster

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Zoological Research 2024年第4期45卷 805-820页

作者： Wei Yan Zi-j.e Li Zi-Yi Lin Shu-Qin j. william Ka Fai Tse Zhi-Qiang Meng Chang Liu Lei Li Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518000China CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518000China Laboratory of Developmental Disorders and Toxicology Center for Promotion of International Education and ResearchFaculty of AgricultureKyushu UniversityFukuokaFukuoka 819-0395Japan Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518000China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenGuangdong 518000China

The organ-specific toxicity resulting from microplastic(MP)exposure has been extensively explored,particularly concerning the gut,liver,testis,and ***,under natural conditions,these effects are not restricted to specific organs or *** whether MP exposure presents a systemic threat to an entire organism,impacting factors such as lifespan,sleep,and fecundity,is *** this study,we investigated the effects of dietary exposure to two different doses of MPs(1–5μm)using the terrestrial model organism Drosophila *** indicated that the particles caused gut damage and remained within the digestive *** MP exposure significantly shortened the lifespan of adult *** short-term exposure disrupted sleep patterns,increasing the length of daytime sleep ***,one week of MP exposure reduced ovary size,with a trend towards decreased egg-laying in mated *** MPs did not penetrate the brain or ovaries,transcriptome analysis revealed altered gene expression in these *** the ovary,Gene Ontology(GO)analysis indicated genotoxic effects impacting inflammation,circadian regulation,and metabolic processes,with significant impacts on extracellular structure-related *** the brain,GO analysis identified changes in pathways associated with proteolysis and carbohydrate ***,this study provides compelling evidence of the systemic negative effects of MP exposure,highlighting the urgent need to address and mitigate environmental MP pollution.

关键词： Microplastics Sleep Lifespan Reproduction Risk assessment Drosophila melanogaster

Chlorantraniliprole exposure aggravates high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders in mice by regulating gut microbiota and its metabolites

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Ting Gu j.e Lin j.ani Yang william Mumby Quancai Sun Ye Peng Faculty of Medicine， Macau University of Science and Technology School of Food and Biological Engineering， j.angsu University Department of Health， Nutrition， and Food Sciences， Florida State University

Food contaminants， particularly insecticides， are important factors contributing to obesity and other adverse effects. As the most widely used diamide insecticide worldwide， chlorantraniliprole (CP) is ubiquitous in food and the environment. However， the influence of CP on obesity and the gut microbiota remains unknown. In this study， we administered CP/carboxymethyl cellulose sodium to C57BL/6j.mice with a high-fat diet (HFD) via gavage for 13 weeks. The CP exposure induced significant increases in body weight gain， fat mass， serum total cholesterol (TC)， and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Moreover， CP aggravated the imbalance in the gut microbiota by increasing the relative abundance of obesity-associated bacteria and reducing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria. Based on untargeted metabolomics analysis， CP was found to be involved in the regulation of pathways including ‘alanine， aspartate and glutamate metabolism’ and ‘arginine and proline metabolism’. Notably， CP exposure primarily induced alterations in microbial metabolites within these pathways， such as L-(+)-aspartic acid and L-glutamic acid. Additionally， individual metabolites， such as the lipid mediator (oleoyl ethanolamide)， also demonstrated alterations upon CP exposure. Furthermore， Spearman correlation analysis revealed several noteworthy associations between microbial alterations， metabolite changes， and phenotypes. The results of the study demonstrate a connection between microbiota， metabolites， and the effects of CP exposure on HFD-induced obesity， elucidating the critical role of the gut microbiota and its metabolites in the toxic effects of CP.

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