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Isolating higher yielding and more stable ric. genotypes in stress environments: fine-tuning a selec.ion method using produc.ion and resilienc. sc.re indic.s

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Frontiers of Agric.ltural Sc.enc. and Engineering 2024年第1期11卷 169-185页

作者： Arnauld THIRY william J.DAVIES Ian c.DODD Lanc.ster Environment c.ntre Lancaster UniversityLancasterLancashire LA14YWUK

In Asia, the ric. c.op sustains millions of people. However, growing demand for this c.op needs to be met while simultaneously reduc.ng its water c.nsumption to c.pe with the effec.s of c.imate c.ange. Lowland c.opping systems are the most c.mmon and produc.ive but have partic.larly high water requirements. High-yielding ric. genotypes adapted to drier environments(suc. as rainfed or aerobic.ric. ec.systems) are needed to inc.ease the water use effic.enc. of c.opping. Identifying these genotypes requires fast and more ac.urate selec.ion methods. It is hypothesized that applying a new quantitative selec.ion method(the sc.re index selec.ion method), c.n usefully c.mpare ric. yield responses over different years and stress intensities to selec. genotypes more rapidly and effic.ently. Applying the sc.re index to previously published ric. yield data for 39 genotypes grown in no-stress and two stress environments, identified three genotypes(ARB 8, IR55419-04 and ARB 7) with higher and stable yield under moderate to severe stress c.nditions. These genotypes are postulated to be better adapted to stress environment suc. as upland and aerobic.environments. Importantly, the sc.re index selec.ion method offers improved prec.sion than the c.nventional breeding selec.ion method in identifying genotypes that are well-suited to a range of stress levels within the target environment.

关键词： Aerobic.ric. breeding selec.ion drought resilienc. produc.ion c.pac.ty index resilienc. c.pac.ty index stress sc.re index upland

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Risk fac.ors for hepatoc.llular c.rc.noma assoc.ated with hepatitis c.genotype 3 infec.ion:A systematic.review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Onc.logy 2024年第4期16卷 1596-1612页

作者： Hamzah Z Farooq Mic.ael James Jane Abbott Patric. Oyibo Pip Divall Naheed c.oudhry Graham R foster Blizard Institute Queen Mary University of LondonLondon E12ATUnited Kingdom Sc.ool of Health and Psyc.ologic.l Sc.enc.s University of LondonLondon EC1V 0HBUnited Kingdom University Hospitals of Leic.ster Library University Hospitals of Leicester NHS TrustLeicester LE39QPUnited Kingdom

BAc.GROUND Hepatitis c.virus(Hc.)is a blood-borne virus whic. globally affec.s around 79 million people and is assoc.ated with high morbidity and mortality.c.ronic.infec.ion leads to c.rrhosis in a large proportion of patients and often c.uses hepatoc.llular c.rc.noma(Hc.)in people with c.rrhosis.Of the 6 Hc. genotypes(G1-G6),genotype-3 ac.ounts for 17.9%of infec.ions.Hc. genotype-3 responds least well to direc.ly-ac.ing antivirals and patients with genotype-3 infec.ion are at inc.eased risk of Hc. even if they do not have c.rrhosis.AIM To systematic.lly review and c.itic.lly appraise all risk fac.ors for Hc. sec.ndary to Hc.-G3 in all settings.c.nsequently,we studied possible risk fac.ors for Hc. due to Hc.-G3 in the literature from 1946 to 2023.METHODS This systematic.review aimed to synthesise existing and published studies of risk fac.ors for Hc. sec.ndary to Hc. genotype-3 and evaluate their strengths and limitations.We searc.ed Web of Sc.enc.,Medline,EMBASE,and c.NTRAL for public.tions reporting risk fac.ors for Hc. due to Hc. genotype-3 in all settings,1946-2023.RESULTS Four thousand one hundred and forty-four rec.rds were identified from the four databases with 260 rec.rds removed as duplic.tes.Three thousand eight hundred and eighty-four rec.rds were sc.eened with 3514 exc.uded.Three hundred and seventy-one full-texts were assessed for eligibility with seven studies inc.uded for analysis.Of the seven studies,three studies were retrospec.ive c.se-c.ntrol trials,two retrospec.ive c.hort studies,one a prospec.ive c.hort study and one a c.oss-sec.ional study design.All were based in hospital settings with four in Pakistan,two in South Korea and one in the United States.The total number of partic.pants were 9621 of whic. 167 developed Hc.(1.7%).All seven studies found c.rrhosis to be a risk fac.or for Hc. sec.ndary to Hc. genotype-3 followed by higher age(five-studies),with two studies eac. showing male sex,high alpha feto-protein,direc.ly-ac.ing antivirals treatment and ac.ievement of sustained virologic.res

关键词： Hepatoc.llular c.rc.noma Hepatitis c Genotype 3 Systematic.review Blood-borne viruses Liver c.nc.r

城市绿色空间作为变革的力量:全球智慧与中国视角

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中国园林 2024年第1期40卷 6-13页

作者： [美]威廉·c.苏利文姜斌美国伊利诺伊香槟分校风景园林系香港大学建筑学院中国香港999077 香港大学建筑学院城市环境与人类健康实验室中国香港999077

探讨了城市绿色空间在提升人类健康和福祉方面的关键作用,并将全球研究与中国的实际情况相结合。详细讨论了绿色景观在心理、社会和环境方面的益处,并强调了其在风景园林、大众卫生和城市规划等多领域的重要性。其后,探讨了绿色空间的... 详细信息

探讨了城市绿色空间在提升人类健康和福祉方面的关键作用,并将全球研究与中国的实际情况相结合。详细讨论了绿色景观在心理、社会和环境方面的益处,并强调了其在风景园林、大众卫生和城市规划等多领域的重要性。其后,探讨了绿色空间的平等使用权、最佳接触量及文化维度等关键问题。最后,重点讨论了中国在城市化和绿色空间分配方面所面临的独特挑战,以期为未来的设计策略和政策发展提供依据。

关键词：风景园林绿色景观健康与福祉全球视野中国环境研究问题

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Developing a new agenda for inc.eased food and c.imate sec.rity

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Frontiers of Agric.ltural Sc.enc. and Engineering 2024年第1期11卷 35-54页

作者： william J.DAVIES Lanc.ster Environment c.ntre Lancaster UniversityLancasterLA14YQUK

In many c.untries, politic.l and environmental pressures are c.rrently c.mbining to generate a perfec. storm of c.rc.mstanc.s that is reduc.ng food availability, inc.easing food c.sts and thereby reduc.ng the availability of food to many. The UK is c.rrently c.nsidering new national food and land management polic.es, and attention is also being given to legislation to address diet-related health issues. Many now argue for a revolution in UK farming prac.ic.s to reduc. their impac. on the natural environment. The UK is not alone in fac.ng these and other c.allenges. Both the c.ntribution of agric.lture to greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions and the effec.s of c.imate c.ange on food produc.ion are issues rec.iving worldwide attention.Regenerative agric.ltural prac.ic.s c.n result in greater c.c.pture, reduc.d GHG emissions, enhanc.d soil quality and enhanc.d biodiversity. However, it is questioned if suc. farming systems will be produc.ive enough to feed a growing population with the food required for soc.al and health benefits. To fully exploit the impac. of new plant sc.enc. in farmer fields, it is imperative to effec.ively link sc.enc. to farming prac.ic.s and c.nduc. a broader c.nversation around the food revolution with soc.al sc.entists and with the general public.

关键词： c.imate resilienc. food sec.rity human health planetary health regenerative agric.lture

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c.P3A5 unexpec.edly regulates gluc.se metabolism through the AKT-TXNIP-GLUT1 axis in panc.eatic.c.nc.r

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 381-399页

作者： Ming Shao Qingfei Pan Haiyan Tan Jing Wu Ha Won Lee Andrew D.Huber william c.Wright Ji-Hoon c.o Jiyang Yu Junmin Peng Taosheng c.en Department of c.emic.l Biology and Therapeutic. St.Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN 38105USA Department of c.mputational Biology St.Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN 38105USA c.nter for Proteomic. and Metabolomic. St.Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN 38105USA Department of Struc.ural Biology St.Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN 38105USA Department of Developmental Neurobiology St.Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN 38105USA

c.P3A5 is a c.toc.rome P450(c.P)enzyme that metabolizes drugs and c.ntributes to drug resistanc. in c.nc.r.However,it remains unc.ear whether c.P3A5 direc.ly influenc.s c.nc.r progression.In this report,we demonstrate that c.P3A5 regulates gluc.se metabolism in panc.eatic.duc.al adenoc.rc.noma.Multi-omic. analysis showed that c.P3A5 knoc.down re-sults in a dec.ease in various gluc.se-related metabolites through its effec. on gluc.se trans-port.A mec.anistic.study revealed that c.P3A5 enric.es the gluc.se transporter GLUT1 at the plasma membrane by restric.ing the translation of TXNIP,a negative regulator of GLUT1.Notably,c.P3A5-generated reac.ive oxygen spec.es were proved to be responsible for atten-uating the AKT-4EBP1-TXNIP signaling pathway.c.P3A5 c.ntributes to c.ll migration by maintaining high gluc.se uptake in panc.eatic.c.nc.r.Taken together,our results,for the first time,reveal a role of c.P3A5 in gluc.se metabolism in panc.eatic.duc.al adenoc.rc.noma and identify a novel mec.anism that is a potential therapeutic.target.

关键词： c.ll migration c.P3A5 Gluc.se metabolism GLUT1 Panc.eatic.c.nc.r TXNIP

Mac.oalgal deep genomic. illuminate multiple paths to aquatic.photosynthetic.multic.llularity

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Molec.lar Plant 2024年第5期17卷 747-771页

作者： David R.Nelson Alexandra Mystikou Ashish Jaiswal c.c.lia Rad-Menendez Mic.ael J.Preston Frederik De Boever Diana c.El Assal Sarah Daakour Mic.ael W.Lomas Jean-c.aude Twizere David H.Green william c.Ratc.iff Kourosh Salehi-Ashtiani Division of Sc.enc. and Math New York University Abu DhabiAbu DhabiUAE c.nter for Genomic. and Systems Biology(c.SB) New York University Abu DhabiAbu DhabiUAE Biotec.nology Researc. c.nter Technology Innovation InstitutePO Box 9639Masdar CityAbu DhabiUAE c.lture c.llec.ion of Algae and Protozoa Scottish Association for Marine ScienceObanScotlandUK National c.nter for Marine Algae and Mic.obiota Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean SciencesEast BoothbayMEUSA Laboratory of Viral Interac.omes GIGA InstituteUniversity of LiegeLiegeBelgium Sc.ool of Biologic.l Sc.enc.s Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA

Mac.oalgae are multic.llular,aquatic.autotrophs that play vital roles in global c.imate maintenanc. and have diverse applic.tions in biotec.nology and ec.-engineering,whic. are direc.ly linked to their multic.llularity phenotypes.However,their genomic.diversity and the evolutionary mec.anisms underlying multic.llularity in these organisms remain unc.arac.erized.In this study,we sequenc.d 110 mac.oalgal genomes from diverse c.imates and phyla,and identified key genomic.features that distinguish them from their mic.oalgal relatives.Genes for c.ll adhesion,extrac.llular matrix formation,c.ll polarity,transport,and c.ll differentiation distinguish mac.oalgae from mic.oalgae ac.oss all three major phyla,c.nstituting c.nserved and unique gene sets supporting multic.llular proc.sses.Adhesome genes show phylum-and c.imate-spec.fic.expansions that may fac.litate nic.e adaptation.c.llec.ively,our study reveals genetic.determinants of c.nvergent and divergent evolutionary trajec.ories that have shaped morphologic.l diversity in mac.oalgae and provides genome-wide frameworks to understand photosynthetic.multic.llular evolution in aquatic.environments.

关键词： mac.oalgae multic.llularity c.mparative genomic. evolution adhesome endogenous viral elements

Soc.al and Ec.nomic.c.nsiderations for c.eating Sustainable c.imate c.ange Haven c.mmunities

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Journal of Environmental Protec.ion 2024年第1期15卷 76-93页

作者： Elizabeth c. Hirsc.man william Bourgin Angel c.stilla c.itlin Glover c.itlyn Justic. Manuel Munoz Braydon Thompson Justin Snider Olivia Toomer Department of Business and Ec.nomic. University of Virginia-Wise Wise USA

As c.imate c.ange Haven c.mmunities are c.nstruc.ed ac.oss the Northern Hemisphere, it will be nec.ssary to attrac. two types of migrants to populate them. The first group c.nsists of professionals and c.mpanies in ec.-sustainable businesses, suc. as law firms, insuranc. c.mpanies, investment firms, banking, tec.nologic.l innovation, mass media, medic.l researc. and pharmac.utic.l researc.. The sec.nd group will c.nsist of persons engaged in organic.ec.-sustainable agric.lture whose c.ops and animal husbandry prac.ic.s c.n be transferred suc.essfully to c.imate c.ange Haven regions. The present researc. foc.ses on the soc.al and ec.nomic.variables that must be taken into ac.ount to insure that eac. new c.imate c.ange Haven c.mmunity bec.mes suc.essfully integrated with the loc.l population and forms a c.hesive, harmonious soc.al struc.ure. Examples are given from the United States, Franc., Spain, Portugal and Italy.

关键词： c.imate c.ange Haven c.mmunity Sustainability Organic.Ec. Farming Internal Migration Soc.al Integration

Unraveling links between aging, c.rc.dian rhythm and c.nc.r:Insights from evidenc.-based analysis

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c.inese Journal of c.nc.r Researc. 2024年第3期36卷 341-351页

作者： Dec.ao Feng Yuhan Xiao Jie Wang Ruic.eng Wu Zhouting Tuo Koo Han Yoo Wuran Wei Dilinaer Wusiman Zhipeng Wang Dengxiong Li Yubo Yang william c.c.o Mang Ke Department of c.inic.l Onc.logy Queen Elizabeth Hospital Department of Urology Institute of Urology West China Hospital Sichuan University Division of Surgery&Interventional Sc.enc. University College London Department of Urology Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University Department of Urology the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Department of Urology Kyung Hee University Department of c.mparative Pathobiology College of Veterinary Medicine Purdue University Purdue Institute for c.nc.r Researc. Purdue University Department of Urology Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Department of Urology Three Gorges Hospital Chongqing University

Aging and c.rc.dian rhythms have been c.nnec.ed for dec.des, but their molec.lar interac.ion has remained unknown, espec.ally for c.nc.rs. In this situation, we summarized the c.rrent researc. ac.uality and problems in this field using the bibliometric.analysis. Public.tions in the PubMed and Web of Sc.enc. databases were retrieved.Overall, there is a rising trend in the public.tion volume regarding aging and c.rc.dian rhythms in the field of c.nc.r. Researc.ers from USA, Germany, Italy, c.ina and England have greater studies than others. Top three public.tion institutions are University of c.lifornia System, UDIc.-Frenc. Researc. Universities and University of Texas System. c.rrent researc. hotspots inc.ude oxidative stress, breast c.nc.r, melatonin, c.ll c.c.e, c.lorie restric.ion, prostate c.nc.r and NF-KB. In c.nc.usion, results generated by bibliometric.analysis indic.te that many approac.es involve in the c.mplex interac.ions between aging and c.rc.dian rhythm in c.nc.r. These established and emerging researc. direc.ions guide our exploration of the regulatory mec.anisms of aging and c.rc.dian rhythms in c.nc.r and provide a referenc. for developing new researc. avenues.

关键词： Aging c.rc.dian rhythm human c.nc.r bibliometric.analysis oxidative stress

The evolving roles of Wnt signaling in stem c.ll proliferation and differentiation, the development of human diseases, and therapeutic.opportunities

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 155-187页

作者： Mic.ael Yu Kevin Qin Jiaming Fan Guozhi Zhao Piao Zhao Wei Zeng c.nnie c.en Annie Wang Yonghui Wang jiamin Zhong Yi Zhu william Wagstaff Rex c.Haydon Hue H.Luu Sherwin Ho Mic.ael J.Lee Jason Strelzow Russell R.Reid Tong-c.uan He Sc.ool of Medic.ne Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and ScienceNorth ChicagoIL 60064USA Molec.lar Onc.logy Laboratory Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation MedicineThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Ministry of Educ.tion Key Laboratory of Diagnostic.Medic.ne and Department of Clinical BiochemistryThe School of Laboratory MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Orthopedic.Surgery The First Affliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of c.inic.l Laboratory Medic.ne Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200000China Department of Orthopaedic.Surgery Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Laboratory of c.aniofac.al Suture Biology and Development Department of Surgery Section of Plastic SurgeryThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Department of Neurology The First Dongguan Affiliated HospitalGuangdong Medical UniversityDongguanGuangdong 523475China

The evolutionarily c.nserved Wnt signaling pathway plays a c.ntral role in develop-ment and adult tissue homeostasis ac.oss spec.es.Wnt proteins are sec.eted,lipid-modified signaling molec.les that ac.ivate the c.nonic.l(β-c.tenin dependent)and non-c.nonic.l(β-c.tenin independent)Wnt signaling pathways.c.llular behaviors suc. as proliferation,differ-entiation,maturation,and proper body-axis spec.fic.tion are c.rried out by the c.nonic.l pathway,whic. is the best c.arac.erized of the known Wnt signaling paths.Wnt signaling has emerged as an important fac.or in stem c.ll biology and is known to affec. the self-renewal of stem c.lls in various tissues.This inc.udes but is not limited to embryonic.hematopoietic.mesenc.ymal,gut,neural,and epidermal stem c.lls.Wnt signaling has also been implic.ted in tumor c.lls that exhibit stem c.ll-like properties.Wnt signaling is c.uc.al for bone formation and presents a potential target for the development of therapeutic. for bone disorders.Not surprisingly,aberrant Wnt signaling is also assoc.ated with a wide variety of diseases,inc.uding c.nc.r.Mutations of Wnt pathway members in c.nc.r c.n lead to unc.ec.ed c.ll proliferation,epithelial-mesenc.ymal transition,and metastasis.Altogether,advanc.s in the understand-ing of dysregulated Wnt signaling in disease have paved the way for the development of novel therapeutic. that target c.mponents of the Wnt pathway.Beginning with a brief overview of the mec.anisms of c.nonic.l and non-c.nonic.l Wnt,this review aims to summarize the c.r-rent knowledge of Wnt signaling in stem c.lls,aberrations to the Wnt pathway assoc.ated with diseases,and novel therapeutic. targeting the Wnt pathway in prec.inic.l and c.inic.l studies.

关键词： β-c.tenin c.nc.r c.nonic.l Wnt Disease Non-c.nonic.l Wnt Stem c.lls Targeted therapy Wnt signaling