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A three-dimensional feature extraction-based method for coal cleat characterization using X-ray μCT and its application to a Bowen Basin coal specimen

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Journal of rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第1期16卷 153-166页

作者： Yulai Zhang Matthew Tsang Mark Knackstedt Michael turner Shane Latham Euan Macaulay rhys Pitchers ArC Training Centre for M3D Innovation Research School of PhysicsAustralian National UniversityCanberraACT2601Australia Department of Materials Physics Research School of PhysicsAustralian National UniversityCanberraACT2601Australia Anglo American Steelmaking Coal BrisbaneQLD4000Australia SCT Operations Pty Ltd. WollongongNSW2500Australia

Cleats are the dominant micro-fracture network controlling the macro-mechanical behavior of *** understanding of the spatial characteristics of cleat networks is therefore important to the coal mining *** fracture networks(DFNs)are increasingly used in engineering analyses to spatially model fractures at various *** reliability of coal DFNs largely depends on the confidence in the input cleat *** of these parameters can be made from image-based three-dimensional(3D)characterization of coal cleats using X-ray micro-computed tomography(m CT).One key step in this process,after cleat extraction,is the separation of individual cleats,without which the cleats are a connected network and statistics for different cleat sets cannot be *** this paper,a feature extraction-based image processing method is introduced to identify and separate distinct cleat groups from 3D X-ray m CT ***(filters)representing explicit cleat features of coal are built and cleat separation is successfully achieved by convolutional operations on 3D coal *** new method is applied to a coal specimen with 80 mm in diameter and 100 mm in length acquired from an Anglo American Steelmaking Coal mine in the Bowen Basin,Queensland,*** is demonstrated that the new method produces reliable cleat separation capable of defining individual cleats and preserving 3D topology after ***-parallel fractures are also identified and separated,which has his-torically been challenging to delineate and rarely reported.A variety of cleat/fracture statistics is measured which not only can quantitatively characterize the cleat/fracture system but also can be used for DFN ***,variability and heterogeneity with respect to the core axis are *** heterogeneity is observed and suggests that the representative elementary volume(rEV)of the cleat groups for engineering purposes may be a complex problem requ

关键词： Cleat separation Cleat statistics Feature extraction Discrete fracture network(DFN)modeling

Thermal conductivity suppression in uranium-doped thorium dioxide due to phonon-spin interactions

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Journal of Materiomics 2024年第3期10卷 709-715页

作者： Zilong Hua Saqeeb Adnan Amey r.Khanolkar Karl rickert David B.turner Timothy A.Prusnick J.Matthew Mann David H.Hurley Marat Khafizov Cody A.Dennett Materials Science and Engineering Department Idaho National LaboratoryIdaho FallsID83415USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA KBr DaytonOH45431USA Azimuth Corporation FairbornOH45324USA Air Force research Laboratory Wright-Patterson AFBOH45433USA Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA

In this work,impact of low level of uranium(U)atom substitution on thermal conductivity of thorium dioxide(ThO_(2))is ***_(2)is an electronic insulator with a wide optical band-gap and no unpaired electrons whose thermal transport is governed by phonons.U-substitution introduces unpaired f-electrons resulting in paramagnetic behavior of UeThO_(2)at room temperature,which significantly suppresses its thermal conductivity.A single crystal of UeThO_(2)with graded composition of U is grown using a hydrothermal synthesis method,and thermal conductivity measurements are performed in re-gions with uniform composition of U at levels of 0%,6%,9%and 16%.Measured thermal conductivity profiles over 77e300 K temperature range are analyzed using an analytical expression for phonon-mediated thermal transport based on Klemens-Callaway *** dependent thermal con-ductivity is found to deviate significantly from the rayleigh scattering trend expected for a simple substitutional point defect with a small perturbation to mass and interatomic *** the resonant scattering term,observed large suppression of thermal conductivity at low temperatures can be closely ***,the extracted phonon-spin coupling constants imply a nonlinear relation of phonon-spin interaction intensity with respect to U doping *** study reveals how phonon-spin scattering contributed by unpaired f-electrons in U atoms influences thermal transport in the UeThO_(2)system.

关键词： Phonon-spin interactions Thermal conductivity UdThO_(2)system

Association of Hypertension and Plant-based Dietary Patterns on Cognitive Impairment: A Nationwide Cohort Study in China

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Fang Liang Jialin Fu Gabrielle turner-McGrievy Yechuang Wang Kai Ding Jing Zeng Justin B Moore rui Li Chengdu High-tech Zone Center for Diseases Control and Prevention School of Public Health， Wuhan University Department of Implementation Science， Division of Public Health Sciences， Wake Forest School of Medicine Department of Health Promotion， Education， and Behavior Arnold School of Public Health， University of South Carolina Columbia， SC USA School of Nursing， Wuhan University

This study investigated the association of hypertension with cognitive impairment and determined whether better adherence to plant-based diet (PBD) patterns may modify the association. We analyzed 4485 elderly individuals with normal cognition at baseline from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (2011-2018). Cognitive function was assessed by the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE)， and cognitive impairment was defined as an MMSE score below 18 points. Diet patterns were assessed using the overall plant-based diet index (PDI)， healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI)， and unhealthful plant-based diet index (uPDI) derived from a simplified food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Blood pressure was measured through physical examination. Cox proportional hazard regression and restricted cubic spline were performed. Participants with hypertension had an increased risk of cognitive impairment compared with normal group. The associations between hypertension and cognitive impairment were more pronounced among participants with lower PDI than those with higher PDI， among participants with lower hPDI than those with higher hPDI， and among participants with higher uPDI than those with lower uPDI. A healthful PBD pattern may attenuate hypertension-induced cognitive impairment， while an unhealthful PBD pattern may exacerbate hypertension-induced cognitive impairment in elderly. Adherence to healthful PBD pattern could be used to prevent or mitigate adverse neurological effects in the hypertensive population.

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Patients’experiences with‘sludge’(administrative burden)in the cancer screening process and its relationship with screening completion,experience and health system distrust

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S2期12卷 8-17页

作者： Michelle S rockwell Brianna Chang Vivian Zagarese Jamie K turner Ally Southworth YingXing Wu Paul Yeaton Li Li Jeffrey S Stein Sarah H Parker John W Epling Department of Family and Community Medicine Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of Family and Community Medicine Carilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine RoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of Health Systems and Implementation Science Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVirginiaUSA Graduate Program in Translational Biology Medicineand HealthVirginia TechRoanokeVirginiaUSA Health Analytics research Team Carilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineCarilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of Family Medicine University of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA Center for Health Behaviors research Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTCRoanokeVirginiaUSA

Objective‘Sludge’refers to administrative burdens or frictions that preclude people from getting what they want or need(eg,duplicative forms,complicated instructions,long waiting times).This mixed methods study evaluated patients’perceptions of sludge in the colorectal cancer(CrC)screening process and some impacts of this *** We employed an exploratory sequential mixed methods study design that comprised patient interviews and a patient *** interviews informed final survey revisions and captured contextual data about patients’experiences with *** transcripts were inductively and deductively analysed to identify overarching *** survey quantified sludge,delayed or forgone screenings,screening experience(Net Promoter Score)and health system distrust(Health System Distrust Scale).We usedχ2 or t-tests for univariable comparisons and logistic or linear regressions to evaluate the association between cumulative sludge score and delayed or forgone screenings,screening experience and health system *** were integrated for *** Southeastern United *** Patients who were 45–75 years of age,at average risk for CrC and had either completed or been referred for CrC screening(colonoscopy or stool-based test)within the previous 12 *** 22 interview participants and 255 survey participants completed the study.38(15%)survey participants rated their screening experience as poor(Net Promoter Score=0–7 out of 10).The mean(SD)Health System Distrust Scale score was 22.4(6.3)out of 45 possible points(higher score=greater distrust).Perceptions of sludge in the CrC screening process varied,with long waiting times and burdensome communication being the most common sources(58%and 35%of participants,respectively).Sludge was positively associated with delayed or forgone screenings(Or=1.42,95%CI 1.28,1.57,pr screening experience(Or=1.15,95%CI 1.04,1.28,p=0.009)and health system distrust(β=0.47,p

关键词： sludge screening burden

Drivers of East Asian summer monsoon variability:Global oceans and the Tibetan Plateau

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Science Bulletin 2024年第16期69卷 2487-2490页

作者： Anmin Duan Guoxiong Wu Bin Wang Andrew G.turner Jun Hu Wenting Hu Ping Zhang Die Hu Yuheng Tang Center for Marine Meteorology and Climate Change State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental ScienceCollege of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Department of Atmospheric Sciences School of Ocean and Earth Science and TechnologyUniversity of HawaiiHonolulu 96822USA Department of Meteorology University of ReadingReading RG67BEUK

The East Asian summer monsoon(EASM)profoundly influences the hydroclimate,ecosystems,and water resources of a densely populated region in *** EASM can lead to floods,droughts,significant economic losses,and social disruption in East Asia and Southeast *** the Indian and African monsoons,the EASM is shaped by both tropical and extratropical climate systems,including tropical oceanic modes,cross-equatorial airflows,the Madden-Julian Oscillation,the thermal condition of the Tibetan Plateau,the South Asia High,and the mid-latitude westerly jet.

关键词： Tibetan monsoon East

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Just us

Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2017年第12期3卷 21-24页

作者： r.Eugene turner Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLAUSA

Introduction:A thorough understanding of ecology is a necessity as the Earth becomes crowded,there is more intense resource use and exhaustion,and the exposure to pollutants has ***:Everyone must be involved as we develop the moral compass and maps for a desirable *** transition will be made within the context of complex social forces,which must be engaged in purposeful collaboration and *** individuals have the embryonic need and possess diverse abilities to contribute to the transcendence of problems arising from the human response to social ***:These will be difficult and nuanced *** example is the Balinese water distribution system,whose site-specific adjustments developed over thousands of *** from country-to-country comparisons show that Eco-civilizations,to be'civil',must be fair,inclusive,and joyful,and more than about misleading metrics like Gross Domestic Product,individuality,material accumulations and ***:We are in this together;it is not'them or us'-it is only'Us'.

关键词： Adaptation Bali science-policy shared governance social equity transitions

A Specific Class of Short Treadmilling Microtubules Enhances Cortical Microtubule Alignment

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Molecular Plant 2016年第8期9卷 1214-1216页

作者： Guillaume Chomicki raymond Wightman Simon r. turner Faculty of Life Sciences University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PT UK

Dear Editor Anisotropic cell expansion is a property of plant cells that is dependent upon the formation of a highly ordered cortical micro- tubule （MT） array. The orientation of cortical microtubules is crit- ical for guiding cellulose synthase complexes in the plasma mem- brane and thereby determining the direction of the cell expansion （Paredez et al., 2006）.

关键词： dependent thereby direction

Nonlinear vibrations of electroelastic shells with relatively large shear deformations

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2006年第6期49卷 660-670页

作者： Joseph A. turner Department of Engineering Mechanics University of Nebraska Lincoln NE 68588-0526 U.S.A.

A set of two-dimensional nonlinear equations for thin electroelastic shells in vibrations with moderately large thickness-shear deformations are obtained from the variational formulation of the three-dimensional equations of nonlinear electroelasticity by expanding the mechanical displacement vector and the electric potential into power series in the shell thickness coordinate and retaining lower order terms. As an example,the equations are used to study nonlinear thickness-shear vibrations of a circular cylindrical shell driven by an electric voltage. Nonlinear amplitude-frequency behavior of electric current near strong resonance is obtained.

关键词： piezoelectricity,shell.

role of surgery in severe ulcerative colitis in the era of medical rescue therapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第29期18卷 3833-3838页

作者： Bosmat Dayan Dan turner The Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit Shaare Zedek Medical CenterThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalem 91031Israel

Despite the growing use of medical salvage therapy,colectomy has remained a cornerstone in managing acute severe ulcerative colitis(ASC) both in children and in *** should be regarded as a life saving procedure in ASC,and must be seriously considered in any steroid-refractory ***,colectomy is not a cure for the disease but rather the substitution of a large problem with smaller problems,including fecal incontinence,pouchitis,irritable pouch syndrome,cuffitis,anastomotic ulcer and stenosis,missed or de-novo Crohn's disease and,in young females,reduced *** notion has led to the widespread practice of offering medical salvage therapy before colectomy in most patients without surgical abdomen or toxic *** salvage therapies which have proved effective in the clinical trial setting include cyclosporine,tacrolimus and infliximab,which seem equally effective in the short *** predictive rules can identify a subset of patients who will eventually fail corticosteroid therapy after only 3-5 d of steroid therapy with an accuracy of 85%-95%.This accuracy is sufficiently high for initiat-ing medical therapy,but usually not colectomy,early in the admission without delaying colectomy if *** approach has reduced the colectomy rate in ASC from 30%-70% in the past to 10%-20% nowadays,and the mortality rate from over 70% in the 1930s to about 1%.In general,restorative proctocolectomy(ileoanal pouch or ileal pouch-anal anastomosis),especially the J-pouch,is preferred over straight pullthrough(ileo-anal) or ileo-rectal anastomosis,which may still be considered in young females concerned about *** in the acute severe colitis setting,is usually performed in three steps due to the severity of the inflammation,concurrent steroid treatment and the generally reduced clinical *** first surgical step involves colectomy and constructing an ileal stoma,the second-constructing the pouch and the third-c

关键词： Acute severe ulcerative colitis Colectomy Corticosteroids Cyclosporine Infliximab Tacrolimus