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Childhood sleep:assessments,risk factors,and potential mechanisms

World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期20卷 105-121页

作者： Jianghong Liu Xiaopeng Ji Elizabeth Rovit Susannah pitt Terri Lipman School of Nursing University of Pennsylvania418 Curie Blvd.Room 426Claire M.Fagin HallPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA School of Nursing College of Health SciencesUniversity of DelawareNewarkDE 19716USA geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine ScrantonPA 18510USA

Background Sleep problem is a highly prevalent health issue among pediatric populations across the *** this review,we aimed to identify risk factors contributing to sleep deficiency and poor sleep hygiene in *** biological,psychosocial,and environmental mechanisms as well as research gaps in the literature are also *** sources A comprehensive search for relevant English language full-text,peer-reviewed publications was performed focusing on pediatric sleep studies from prenatal to childhood and adolescence in a variety of indexes in PubMed,SCOPUS,and Psych *** relevant data based and systematic reviews are *** This paper summarizes many risk factors for childhood sleep problems,including biological(e.g.,genetics,gender,age and puberty,prenatal factors,postnatal factors);nutritional(e.g.,macronutrients,micronutrients,omega-3 fatty acids,obesity);environmental(e.g.,heavy metals,noise,light,air pollution);interpersonal(e.g.,family,exposure to violence,screen media use,physical injury);and community/socioeconomic variables(e.g.,racial/ethnicity and cultural factors,neighborhood conditions and socioeconomic status,school factors,public health disasters/emergencies),to better understand the development of sleep problems in *** Poor childhood sleep is a multifactorial issue affected by a wide range of prenatal and early-life biological,environmental,and psychosocial risk factors and contributors.A better understanding of these risk factors and their mechanisms is an important first step to develop future research and prevention programs focusing on pediatric sleep problems.

关键词： Child sleep Pediatrics Risk factor Mechanisms

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Childhood sleep:physical,cognitive,and behavioral consequences and implications

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期20卷 122-132页

作者： Jianghong Liu Xiaopeng Ji Susannah pitt guanghai Wang Elizabeth Rovit Terri Lipman Fan Jiang School of Nursing University of Pennsylvania418 Curie Blvd.Room 424Claire M.Fagin HallPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA College of Health Sciences University of DelawareNewarkDE 19716USA geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine ScrantonPA 18510USA Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute Department of Developmental and Behavioral PediatricsSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

Background Sleep problems in children have been increasingly recognized as a major public health *** research has extensively studied and presented many risk factors and potential mechanisms for children’s sleep *** this paper,we aimed to identify and summarize the consequences and implications of child sleep *** sources A comprehensive search for relevant English language full-text,peer-reviewed publications was performed focusing on pediatric sleep studies from prenatal to childhood and adolescence in a variety of indexes in PubMed,SCOPUS,and Psych Info published in the past two *** relevant data-based articles and systematic reviews are *** Many adverse consequences are associated with child sleep deficiency and other sleep problems,including physical outcomes(e.g.,obesity),neurocognitive outcomes(e.g.,memory and attention,intelligence,academic performance),and emotional and behavioral outcomes(e.g.,internalizing/externalizing behaviors,behavioral disorders).Current prevention and intervention approaches to address childhood sleep problems include nutrition,exercise,cognitive–behavioral therapy for insomnia,aromatherapy,acupressure,and *** interventions may be particularly important in the context of coronavirus disease *** research and policy strategies can target the risk factors of child sleep as well as the efficacy and accessibility of *** given the increasing prevalence of child sleep problems,which have been shown to affect children’s physical and neurobehavioral wellbeing,understanding the multi-aspect consequences and intervention programs for childhood sleep is important to inform future research direction as well as a public health practice for sleep screening and intervention,thus improving sleep-related child development and health.

关键词： Behavior Child sleep Consequences Implications Neurocognitive Physical Prevention/intervention

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Baseline effects of lysophosphatidylcholine and nerve growth factor in a rat model of sciatic nerve regeneration after crush injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第5期13卷 846-853页

作者： Ryan L.Wood Keaton S.Karlinsey Austin D.Thompson Mark N.Rigby greggory D.Boatright wil.iam g.pitt Beverly L.Roeder Scott C.Steffensen Alonzo D.Cook Department of Chemical Engineering Brigham Young University Neuroscience Center Brigham Young University Department of Biology Brigham Young University Department of Psychology Brigham Young University

Schwann cells play a major role in helping heal injured nerves. They help clear debris, produce neurotrophins, upregulate neurotrophin receptors, and form bands of Büngner to guide the healing nerve. But nerves do not always produce enough neurotrophins and neurotrophin receptors to repair themselves. Nerve growth factor（NgF） is an important neurotrophin for promoting nerve healing and lysophosphatidylcholine（LPC） has been shown to stimulate NgF receptors（NgFR）. This study tested the administration of a single intraneural injection of LPC（1 mg/mL for single LPC injection and 10 mg/mL for multiple LPC injections） at day 0 and one（day 7）, two（days 5 and 7）, or three（days 5, 7, and 9） injections of NgF（160 ng/mL for single injections and 80 ng/mL for multiple injections） to determine baseline effects on crush ed sciatic nerves in rats. The rats were randomly divided into four groups： control, crush, crush-NgF, and crush-LPC-NgF. The healing of the nerves was measured weekly by monitoring gait; electrophysiological parameters： compound muscle action potential（CMAP） amplitudes; and morphological parameters： total fascicle areas, myelinated fiber counts, fiber densities, fiber packing, and mean g-ratio values at weeks 3 and 6. The crush, crush-NgF, and crush-LPC-NgF groups statistically differed from the control group for all six weeks for the electrophysiological parameters but only differed from the control group at week 3 for the morphological parameters. The crush, crush-NgF, and crush-LPC-NgF groups did not differ from each other over the course of the study. Single injections of LPC and NgF one week apart or multiple treatments of NgF at 5, 7 and 9 days post-injury did not alter the healing rate of the sciatic nerves during weeks 1-6 of the study. These findings are important to define the baseline effects of NgF and LPC injections, as part of a larger effort to determine the minimal dose regimen of NgF to regenerate peripheral nerves.

关键词： lysophosphatidylcholine neurotrophic factor growth factor sciatic nerve crush peripheral nerve regeneration

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作者： Brad pitt主演

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Dothiorella vidmadera, a novel species from grapevines in Australia and notes on Spencermartinsia

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Fungal Diversity 2013年第4期61卷 209-219页

作者： Wayne M.pitt Jose RamonÚrbez-Torres Florent P.Trouillas National Wine and grape Industry Centre School of Agricultural and Wine SciencesCharles Sturt UniversityLocked Bag 588Wagga WaggaNSW 2678Australia Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre 4200 Highway 97Box 5000SummerlandBC V0H1Z0Canada Department of Plant Pathology University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA

Strains of a coelomycete isolated from grapevine cankers in southeastern Australia and identified as Dothiorella iberica in previous studies are redescribed in this study as a novel species based on morphological characters and phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region(ITS1-5.8S-ITS2),and partial sequences of the translation elongation factor 1-αandβ-tubulin *** vidmadera *** most closely related to ***,*** and ***,but differs in morphological characters and DNA *** four species are known to be associated with Botryosphaeria dieback of ***,an unidentified ascomycete isolated from dead wood of grapevines in Western Australia is ***,strains were most closely related to Spencermartinsia viticola,and bore conidia with morphological characters and dimensions consistent with published ***,ascospores were shorter and narrower than previously reported and lacked the terminal apiculi that typify the genus.

关键词： Botryosphaeriaceae grapevine trunk diseases grapevine canker Multigene phylogeny Taxonomy

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交换,计算机网络大趋势——Bay网络公司副总裁兼CTO Daniel pitt先生

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微电脑世界 1997年第11期 21-22页

作者： Daniel pitt Bay网络公司副总裁兼CTO

计算机技术发展到今天,网络大战烽烟正浓,谁掌握了先进的网络技术和产品,谁就掌握了明天。在过去三、五年的角逐中,计算机网络市场更成为业界的热点,以集线器、交换机、路由器及远程访问为中心的网络市场出现高速成长趋势,其成长率达到... 详细信息

计算机技术发展到今天,网络大战烽烟正浓,谁掌握了先进的网络技术和产品,谁就掌握了明天。在过去三、五年的角逐中,计算机网络市场更成为业界的热点,以集线器、交换机、路由器及远程访问为中心的网络市场出现高速成长趋势,其成长率达到了30％～50％,其中集线器年增长率为10％～20％。路由器15％～20％,远程访问40％～50％,而交换机的年增长率达到了150％。由此不难看出,谁拥有了交换机市场,谁就在群雄纷争的网络市场占据了优势。交换乃是计算机网络的大趋势。

关键词：网络互联路由器集线器电话设备 CTO Daniel pitt 计算机网络 Bay

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Increased Temperature and Entropy Production in the Earth’s Atmosphere: Effect on Wind, Precipitation, Chemical Reactions, Freezing and Melting of Ice and Electrical Activity

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Journal of Modern Physics 2019年第8期10卷 966-973页

作者： Michael A. pitt Paraparaumu New Zealand

Since the late nineteenth century, until the present time, there has been an increase in the earth’s global mean surface temperature (gMST). This temperature increase has been calculated at 0.85°C over the period 1880-2012. The causes of this temperature increase include increased levels of greenhouse gases (gHg’s), variations in solar irradiance and changes in absorption and re-radiation of heat. Volcanic activity and orbital cycles work to cool the earth’s surface. A thermodynamic analysis is presented of the earth’s atmosphere. The analysis demonstrates an increase in entropy production as a result of increased gMST. An equation is derived expressing entropy production in the atmosphere based on atmospheric processes (wind, precipitation, chemical reactions, electrical activity and heat transfer). The effects of increased entropy production on wind, precipitation, freezing and melting of ice, chemical reactions and electrical activity are given showing an increase in the combination of the above phenomena.

关键词： Temperature Entropy Earth’s Atmosphere

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Engineering Epistemologies

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Journal of Architectural Research and Development 2019年第6期3卷 41-45页

作者： Joseph C pitt Virginia Polytechnic Institute&State University

The basic point made here is there is no such thing as engineering knowledge *** engineers need to know depends on what subfield of engineering they are working in?There is,however,a commonality among the various subdisciplines of engineering;it is a method revolving around the use of feedback loops.I argue that the use of feedback loops is common to all forms of human reasoning and it is the hallmark of rationality.

关键词： Engineering knowledge Epistemology Common sense

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金融时间序列预测模型——基于离散小波分解与支持向量回归的研究

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统计与决策 2007年第14期23卷 4-7页

作者：戴稳胜吕奇杰 David pitt 中国人民大学财金学院北京100872 台湾清云科技大学工业工程与管理系墨尔本大学精算研究中心

建本研究结合小波转换与支持向量回归,提出一个二阶段时间序列预测模型。先以离散小波分解与重组对金融时间序列数据进行预处理,再以SVR建立预测模型。

关键词：小波转换支持向量回归离散小波分解股价预测期货信息

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SDS-PAgE analysis of whole cell protein and outer memrbane protein patterns of clinical isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第5期2卷 14-19页

作者： Aoichart Nontprasert Cheeraratana Cheeramakara Sasithon Pukrittayakamee David AB Dance Ty L pitt Michael D Smith Sirivan Vanijanonta Nicholas J White Faculty of Tropical Medicine Mahidol UniversityBangkokThailand Health Protection Agency South West Tamar Science ParkDevonUnited Kingdom Public Health Laboratory Service Central Public Health LaboratoryDivision of Hospital InfectionLondonUnited Kingdom Nuffield Department of Medicine John Radcliffe HospitalOxford UniversityUnited Kingdom

Objective:To investigate the banding patterns of whole cell protein(WCP) and outer membrane protein (OMP) of Burkholderia pseudomallei(***) in clinical isolates from patients with melioidosis. Methods:WCP and OMP of of *** in 50 clinical isolates,from 47 patients with melioidosis were prepared and separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAgE) using 10%gels and stained with Coomassie brilliant *** banding patterns were compared by using a laser densitometer and dendrogram. Results:There were 6 different banding patterns of WCP and 2 types of *** 1 -5 WCP had 8 common protein bands at 19.0 - 45.0 kDa with identical OMP *** banding patterns of WCP in type 6 were distinct from the others and also its OMP *** majority of clinical isolates(37/50,74%) were in type 1 *** the remaining isolates,8 were in type 2,2 in type 3,and one each was in type 4 to *** was no significant association between the WCP typing and the demographic or clinical features of the investigated ***:Despite the wide variation of clinical features of melioidosis,the results of this study show that *** had a few differences in the WCP and OMP *** typing of WCP and OMP,using SDS-PAgE analysis,could be an alternative method for phenotypic differentiation in clinical isolates of ***.

关键词： SDS-PAgE Burkholderia pseudomallei Whole cell protein Outer membrane protein Melioidosis

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