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IUGS Commission on Geoscience Edoucation, Training and Technology Transfer （COGE） http ：//***/IUGSeducation/***

Episodes 2006年第4期29卷 310-311页

作者： Gary Lewis wesley hill The Geological Society of America 3300 Penrose Place Boulder Colorado 80301 USA 303-357-1043 The Geological Society of America 3300 Penrose Place Boulder Colorado 80301 USA

Background and history on the Commission on Geoscience EducationOur historyIn previous years, IUGS conducted a programme in the area of Geoscience Education and Training. The programme was organised under the status o... 详细信息

关键词：地质科学地质工作地质科学教育行业交流

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Free-electron crystals for enhanced X-ray radiation

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1299-1309页

作者： Lee Wei wesley Wong Xihang Shi Aviv Karnieli Jeremy Lim Suraj Kumar Sergio Carbajo Ido Kaminer Liang Jie Wong School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore. Solid State Institute and Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technion–Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 3200003Israel. School of Electrical Engineering Fleischman Faculty of EngineeringTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 69978Israel Department of Applied Physics Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA. Science Mathematics and TechnologySingapore University of Technology and Design8 Somapah RoadSingapore 487372Singapore. Electrical and Computer Engineering Department UCLA420 WestwoodLos AngelesCA 90095USA. Physics and Astronomy Department UCLA475 Portola PlazaLos AngelesCA 90095USA. SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Stanford University2575 Sand Hill RoadMenlo ParkCA 94025USA

Bremsstrahlung—the spontaneous emission of broadband radiation from free electrons that are deflected by atomic nuclei—contributes to the majority of X-rays emitted from X-ray tubes and used in applications ranging from medical imaging to semiconductor chip ***,we show that the bremsstrahlung intensity can be enhanced significantly—by more than three orders of magnitude—through shaping the electron wavefunction to periodically overlap with atoms in crystalline ***,we show how to shape the bremsstrahlung X-ray emission pattern into arbitrary angular emission profiles for purposes such as unidirectionality and ***,we find that these enhancements and shaped emission profiles cannot be attributed solely to the spatial overlap between the electron probability distribution and the atomic centers,as predicted by the paraxial and nonrecoil theory for free electron light *** work highlights an unprecedented regime of free electron light emission where electron waveshaping provides multi-dimensional control over practical radiation processes like *** results pave the way towards greater versatility in table-top X-ray sources and improved fundamental understanding of quantum electron-light interactions.

关键词： overlap attributed arbitrary

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Measuring Resilience in the Assumed City

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第3期13卷 317-329页

作者： wesley Cheek Ksenia Chmutina Department of Geography and Geology Edge Hill UniversityOrmskirkL394QPUK School of Architecture Building and Civil EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughLE113TUUK

The malleable nature of both the idea of a city and the idea of resilience raises an important question—why measure?Resilience is assumed to be located in the physical infrastructure of specific places or as a quality of the people located *** disasters,we are often trying to conceptualize,measure,or render legible resilience in physical *** what is it that we are trying to measure,and is the idea of a city reflected in these measurements?If cities are organized around something other than resilience,is resilience their natural by-product?What is necessitating the need for increased—and measured—resilience?Using interpretive policy analysis,we explored five well known disaster resilience frameworks(UNDRR's Making Cities Resilient Campaign,UN-Habitat's City Resilience Profiling Programme,The World Bank and GFDRR's Resilient Cities Program,Arup and The Rockefeller Foundation's City Resilience Index,and The Rockefeller Foundation's 100 Resilient Cities)to identify the working definition of‘‘city''and of‘‘resilience.''We conclude that if the demand for cities to become more resilient is an acknowledgment of the risk produced by globalized urbanization,then the call itself is an indictment of the current state of our cities.

关键词： City planning and design Disaster governance Resilience frameworks Urban theory

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