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Deterministic conversion rule for CNNs to efficient spiking convolutional neural networks

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2020年第2期63卷 196-214页

作者： Xu YANG Zhongxing ZHANG wenping zhu Shuangming YU Liyuan LIU Nanjian WU State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences

This paper proposes a general conversion theory to reveal the relations between convolutional neural network(CNN) and spiking convolutional neural network(spiking CNN) from structure to information processing. Based on the conversion theory and the statistical features of the activations distribution in CNN,we establish a deterministic conversion rule to convert CNNs into spiking CNNs with definite conversion procedure and the optimal setting of all parameters. Included in conversion rule, we propose a novel "nscaling" weight mapping method to realize high-accuracy, low-latency and power efficient object classification on hardware. For the first time, the minimum dynamic range of spiking neuron’s membrane potential is studied to help to balance the trade-off between representation range and precise of the data type adopted by dedicated hardware when spiking CNNs run on it. The simulation results demonstrate that the converted spiking CNNs perform well on MNIST, SVHN and CIFAR-10 datasets. The accuracy loss over three datasets is no more than 0.4%. 39% of processing time is shortened at best, and less power consumption is benefited from lower latency achieved by our conversion rule. Furthermore, the results of noise robustness experiments indicate that spiking CNN inherits the robustness from its corresponding CNN.

关键词： convolutional neural networks(CNN) spiking neural networks(SNN) image classification conversion rule noise robustness neuromorphic hardware

Kondo effect in quantum dots and molecular devices

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第19期50卷 2132-2139页

作者： JIANG Lang LI Hongxiang HU wenping zhu Daoben Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080China

Kondo effect is a very important many-body phenomenon in condensed matter physics,which explains why the resistance increases as the temperature is lowered (usually <10 K) in dilute magnetic alloy, and why the con-ductance increases as temperature is decreased in quantum dots. This paper simply introduces equilibrium and non- equilibrium Kondo effects in quantum dots together with the Kondo effect in quantum dots with even number of electrons (when the singlet and triplet states are degenerate). Fur-thermore, Kondo effect in single atom/molecular transistors is introduced, which indicates a new way to study Kondo effect.

关键词： Kondo效应量子点 Kondo温度分子设备磁性合金

Mitochondria-targeting NIR fluorescent probe for rapid,highly sensitive and selective visualization of nitroxyl in live cells,tissues and mice

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Science China Chemistry 2020年第2期63卷 282-289页

作者： Jianguo Wang wenping zhu Chunbin Li Pengfei Zhang Guoyu Jiang Guangle Niu Ben Zhong Tang College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010021China Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry Gannan Normal UniversityGanzhou 341000China Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science&TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong 999077China HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057China Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China

Nitroxyl(HNO)has been reported to possess unique biological and pharmacological performances,and emerged as a novel therapy for congestive heart *** studies also suggest that HNO may be produced and involved in important metabolisms in ***,due to its high reactivity and short life properties,fast,sensitive and selective observation and monitoring of HNO related dynamic changes in mitochondria still remains a great ***,we synthesized a mitochondria-targeting near-infrared(NIR)fluorescent probe(DCMHNO)for rapid detection of HNO with remarkably high sensitivity,selectivity and *** shows fast response(about 4 min)towards HNO via 2-(diphenylphosphino)benzoyl group through the Staudinger reaction to boost the bright NIR emission(700 nm)with excellent sensitivity(detection limit of 13 nM),high p H stability and very low interference from other *** can selectively locate in mitochondria and visualize exogenous and endogenous HNO in live He La cells with high biocompatibility and *** probe could also monitor the interaction between NO and H2 S that gives rise to the generation of HNO in live He La *** addition,DCMHNO was further utilized in ex vivo NIR imaging of HNO in live mouse liver tissues at the depth of about 50μ*** vivo imaging of HNO with high signal-to-noise ratio in live mice was also realized by using *** remarkable imaging performances could render NIR DCMNHNO as a useful tool to reveal HNO related dynamic changes in live samples.

关键词： fluorescent probe mitochondria-targeting nitroxyl near-infrared high photostability

High-Order Bit Independence Criterion Test for the S-boxes

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2011年第5期16卷 447-451页

作者： GAO Sheng MA wenping zhu Jiwei Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Securityof the Ministry of Education/Xidian University Xi'an 710071Shannxi China

A new security test for the substitution boxes （S-boxes） high-order bit independence criterion （HOBIC） test, is presented. Different from the previous security tests for S-boxes, the HOBIC test can be used to measure the strength of an S-box against attacks that keep some of its input bits constant. Test results over the S-boxes of Data Encryption Standard （DES） and Advanced Encryption Standard （AES） are given and some possible applications of the HOBIC test are analyzed. Meanwhile, the source code for a basic version of the HOBIC test is also provided, the implement process of which shows that it is very fast and efficient for practical applications .

关键词： cryptography Boolean functions S-boxes highorder bit independence criterion (HOBIC) security test

Coleoptile Purple Line Regulated by A-P Gene System Is a Valuable Marker Trait for Seed Purity Identification in Hybrid Rice

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Rice science 2022年第5期29卷 451-461,I0019-I0031页

作者： DU Shuanglin WANG Zhongwei CHEN Yun TAN Yao LI Xiang zhu wenping HE Guanghua LEI Kairong GUO Longbiao ZHANG Yi State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan/Research Center for Perennial Rice Engineering and Technology in Yunnan/School of Agriculture Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Biotechnology Research Institute Chongqing Academy of Agricultural SciencesChongqing 401329China Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops/Rice Research Institute Academy of Agricultural SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China

In plants,a large number of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes encoding enzymes and regulatory genes encoding transcription factors are required for anthocyanin *** purple lines are two purple lines on both sides of coleoptiles after seed ***,the molecular mechanism of coleoptile purple line is not clear in rice so *** this study,two major dominant genes,coleoptile purple line 1(OsCPL1,also known as OsC1)and coleoptile purple line 2(OsCPL2),were isolated via map-based cloning,and both of them were required for anthocyanin biosynthesis of coleoptile purple line in *** knockout and complementation experiments confirmed that OsC1 was required for purple color in most organs,such as coleoptile line,sheath,auricle,stigma and apiculus,whereas OsCPL2 was just required for coleoptile purple ***1 was predominantly expressed in coleoptiles,flag leaves,and green panicles,and highly expressed in young leaves,whereas OsCPL2 was predominantly expressed in coleoptiles,and extremely lowly expressed in the other tested ***-of-function of either OsC1 or OsCPL2 resulted in significant reduction of transcript levels of multiple anthocyanin biosynthesis genes in *** purple line was further used as a marker trait in hybrid *** identification in hybrid rice seeds via coleoptile purple line just needed a little water,soil and a small plate and could be completed within 5 *** marker and field identification analyses indicated that coleoptile purple line was reliable for the hybrid seed purity *** findings disclosed that coleoptile purple line in rice was regulated by two major dominant genes,OsC1 and OsCPL2,and can be used as a simple,rapid,accurate and economic marker trait for seed purity identification in hybrid rice.

关键词： OsC1 OsCPL2 coleoptile purple line anthocyanin seed purity identification marker trait

Activation of LONP1 by 84-B10 alleviates aristolochic acid nephropathy via re-establishing mitochondrial and peroxisomal homeostasis

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第9期22卷 808-821页

作者： XU Xinyue zhu wenping MIAO Mengqiu BAI Mi FAN Jiaojiao NIU Yujia LI Yuting ZHANG Aihua JIA Zhanjun WU Mengqiu School of Medicine Southeast UniversityNanjing 210009China Department of Nephrology Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210008China Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210008China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Early Development and Chronic Diseases Prevention in Children Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China

Pharmaceutical formulations derived from Aristolochiaceae herbs, which contain aristolochic acids(AAs), are widely used for medicinal purposes. However, exposure to these plants and isolated AAs is linked to renal toxicity, known as AA nephropathy(AAN). Currently, the mechanisms underlying AAN are not fully understood, leading to unsatisfactory treatment strategies. In this study, we explored the protective role of 84-B10(5-[[2-(4-methoxyphenoxy)-5-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl] amino]-5-oxo-3-phenylpentanoic acid) against AAN. RNA-seq analysis revealed that the mitochondrion and peroxisome were the most affected cellular components following 84-B10 treatment in AAN mice. Consistently, 84-B10 treatment preserved mitochondrial ultrastructure, restored mitochondrial respiration, enhanced the expression of key transporters(carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2) and enzymes(acylCoenzyme A dehydrogenase, medium chain) involved in mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation, and reduced mitochondrial ROS generation in both aristolochic acid I(AAI)-challenged mice kidneys and cultured proximal tubular epithelial cells. Additionally, 84-B10 treatment increased the expression of key transporters(ATP binding cassette subfamily D) and rate-limiting enzymes(acyl-CoA oxidase 1) involved in peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation and restored peroxisomal redox balance. Knocking down LONP1 expression diminished the protective effects of 84-B10 against AAN, suggesting LONP1-dependent protection. In conclusion, our study provides evidence that AAN is associated with significant disturbances in both mitochondrial and peroxisomal functions. The LONP1 activator 84-B10 demonstrates therapeutic potential against AAN, likely by maintaining homeostasis in both mitochondria and peroxisomes.

关键词： Aristolochic acid nephropathy 84-B10 LONP1 Mitochondrion Peroxisome

Visualization of supramolecular assembly by aggregation-induced emission

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Aggregate

Aggregate 2023年第2期4卷 102-122页

作者： Wu-Jie Guo Tuokai Peng wenping zhu Shixiang Ma Guang Wang Ying Li Bin Liu Hui-Qing Peng Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijingChina Innovation Research Center for AIE Pharmaceutical Biology Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical PharmacologyThe NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseaseSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The Fifth Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina

Supramolecular architectures are constructed by the self-assembly of small building blocks via the use of metal-ligand coordination,π–πstacking interactions,hydrogen bonding,host-guest interactions,and other noncovalent driving forces,which confer unique dynamic reversibility and stimulus responsiveness to the supramolecular materials and also lead to the demand of expensive and complex equipment for the characterization of supramolecular assembly ***,the self-assembly processes bring the monomeric chromophores together,offering possibilities to establish ties between the supramolecular assembly and aggregation-induced emission(AIE)*** to conventional luminescent molecules,AIE luminogens(AIEgens)exhibit significant fluorescence enhancement upon the restriction of molecular motions,thus displaying the advantages of signal amplification and low background *** the above,the real-time,sensitive,and in situ visualization of the formation of self-assemblies and their stimuli responsiveness based on AIE becomes ***,we review recent works that encompass the visualization of supramolecular assembly-related behaviors by means of AIE characteristics of *** organization of this review will be by different types of supramolecular architectures,including metallacycles/cages,micelles/vesicles,supramolecular polymers,and supramolecular *** overview of future opportunities and challenges for the real-time monitoring of supramolecular assembly by AIE is also provided.

关键词： aggregation-induced emission metallacycles/cages micelles/vesicles supramolecular gels supramolecular polymers visualization

Stagewise Training for Hybrid-Distorted Image Restoration

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2023年第6期28卷 793-801页

作者：侯舒娟朱文萍李海 School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Image restoration is the problem of restoring a real degraded *** studies mostly focused on single ***,most of the real images experience multiple distortions,and single distortion image restoration algorithms can not effectively improve the image ***,few existing hybrid distortion image restoration algorithms can not deal with single ***,an end-to-end pipeline network based on stagewise training is proposed in this ***,the network selects three typical image restoration tasks:denoising,inpainting,and super *** whole training process is divided into single distortion training,hybrid distortion training of two types,and hybrid distortion training of three *** design of loss function draws on the idea of deep *** results prove that the proposed method is not only superior to other methods in hybrid-distorted image restoration,but also suitable for single distortion image restoration.

关键词： image restoration stagewise training hybrid distortion single distortion

PRESENT-DAY CRUSTAL MOVEMENT OF NORTH-EASTERN QINGHAI-TIBET PLATEAU

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大地测量与地球动力学 2003年第B12期23卷 89-93,107页

作者： Wang Qingliang,Wang wenping, Cui Duxin, zhu Guizhi and Liang Weifeng (Second Crust Monitoring and Application Center,CEA, Xi’an 710054 ,China) Second Crust Monitoring and Application Center CEA Xi' an 710054 China

GPS observations of CMONOC and other network reveal that, relative to Dingxin fiducial station in Alashan block, the crustal movements of north eastern Qinghai Tibet plateau and its adjacent regions have the following characteristics:(i)The western part of Qilian block is shortening and moving mainly northeastward, the 8 mm/a motion of southern margin of Qaidam basin is almost completely absorbed by compressed subsidence of Qaidam basin and uplift of Qilian mountain; (ii) Eastern part of Qilian block manifests itself mainly as block like rotation or extrusion along Haiyuan left lateral fault,with an angular velocity of 0.135 /Ma; (iii) Due to the clockwise rotation of the eastern Qilian sub block in the NW Liupanshan range, Ordos block shows a slight anticlockwise rotation; (iv) Haiyuan left lateral fault and northern edge thrust fault of Qilian mountain jointly constitute the major northeastern boundary of Qinghai Tibet plateau judging from the present day crustal movement.

关键词：青海-西藏东北部板块表层运动 GPS观测数据处理速度场