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Agenesis of the dorsal pancreas

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2009年第3期15卷 376-377页

作者： wolfgang j.Schnedl Claudia Piswanger-Soelkner Sandra j.Wallner Robert Krause Rainer W Lipp Practice for General Internal Medicine Hauptstrasse 5A-8940 LiezenAustria Department of Internal Medicine Medical UniversityAuenbruggerplatz 15A-8036 GrazAustria Institute of Pathophysiology Center for Molecular MedicineHeinrichstrasse 31aA-8010 GrazAustria

During the last 100 years in medical literature,there are only 54 reports,including the report of Pasaoglu et al(World j.Gastroenterol 2008;14:2915-2916),with clinical descriptions of agenesis of the dorsal pancreas in *** of the dorsal pancreas,a rare congenital pancreatic malformation,is associated with some other medical conditions such as hyperglycemia,abdominal pain,pancreatitis and a few other *** approximately 50% of reported patients with this congenital malformation,hyperglycemia was *** of hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus in all patients with agenesis of the dorsal pancreas including description of fasting blood glucose,oral glucose tolerance test,glycated hemoglobin and medical treatment would be a future *** autosomal dominant transmission has been suggested in single families,more family studies including imaging technologies with demonstration of the pancreatic duct system are needed for evaluation of this *** this letter to the editor,we aim to increase available information for the better understanding of this rare disease.

关键词： Agenesis of dorsal pancreas Diabetesmellitus Glucose intolerance Abdominal pain Pancreatitis

Influence of gastric inhibitory polypeptide on pentagastrinstimulated gastric acid secretion in patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy controls

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2006年第12期12卷 1874-1880页

作者： j.ris j.Meier Michael A Nauck Bartholomaeus Kask j.ns j.Hoist Carolyn F Deacon wolfgang E Schmidt Baptist Gallwitz Department of Medicine I St. Josef-HospitalRuhr-University Bochum Germany Diabeteszentrum Bad Lauterberg Germany Department of Medical Physiology The Panum Institute University of Copenhagen Denmark Department of Medicine IV Eberhard-Karls- University Ttibingen Germany

AIM： Gastric inhibitory polypeptide is secreted from intestinal K-cells in response to nutrient ingestion and acts as an incretin hormone in human physiology. While animal experiments suggested a role for GIP as an inhibitor of gastric secretion, the GIP effects on gastric acid output in humans are still controversial. METHODS： Pentagastrin was administered at an infusion rate of 1 μg . kg^-1 . h^-1 over 300 min in 8 patients with type 2 diabetes （2 female, 6 male, 54± 10 years, BMI 30.5 ± 2.2 kg/m^2; no history of autonomic neuropathy） and 8 healthy subj.cts （2/6, 46 ± 6 years., 28.9 ± 5.3 kg/ m^2）. A hyperglycaemic clamp （140 mg/dl） was performed over 240 min. Placebo, GIP at a physiological dose （1 pmol . kg^-1 . min^-1）, and GIP at a pharmacological dose （4 mol . kg^-1 . min^-1） were administered over 60 min each. Boluses of placebo, 20 pmol GIP/kg, and 80 pmol GIP/kg were inj.cted intravenously at the beginning of each infusion period, respectively. Gastric volume, acid and chloride output were analysed in 15-min intervals. Capillary and venous blood samples were drawn for the determination of glucose and total GIP. Statistics were carried out by repeated-measures ANOVA and one-way ANOVA. RESULTS： Plasma glucose concentrations during the hyperglycaemic clamp experiments were not different between patients with type 2 diabetes and controls. Steady-state GIP plasma levels were 61 ±8 and 79 ± 12 pmol/I during the low-dose and 327±35 and 327± 17 pmol/I during the high-dose infusion of GIP, in healthy control subj.cts and in patients with type 2 diabetes, respectively （P= 0.23 and p 0.99）. Pentagastrin markedly increased gastric acid and chloride secretion （P〈 0.001）. There were no significant differences in the rates of gastric acid or chloride output between the experimental periods with placebo or any dose of GIP. The temporal patterns of gastric acid and chloride secretion were similar in patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy controls （P= 0.86 and P= 0.6

关键词： Gastric inhibitory polypeptide Gastric acid secretion Type 2 diabetes Hyperglycemic clamp Pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretion

Solid-State NMR Spectroscopic Study of Chromophore-Protein Interactions in the Pr Ground State of Plant Phytochrome A

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Molecular Plant 2012年第3期5卷 698-715页

作者： Chen Song Lars-Oliver Essen wolfgang Ga＇rtner j.n Hughes j.rg Matysik Leids Instituut voor Chemisch Onderzoek Universiteit Leiden PO Box 9502 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands Fachbereich Chemie Philipps-Universita＇t Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Stral3e D-35032 Marburg Germany Max-Planck-lnstitut for Bioanorganische Chemie StiftstraBe 34-36 D-45470 MCu＇lheim an der Ruhr Germany Pflanzenphysiologie Justus-Liebig-Universita＇t SenckenbergstraBe 3 D-35390 Giessen Germany

Despite extensive study, the molecular structure of the chromophore-binding pocket of phytochrome A （phyA）, the principal photoreceptor controlling photomorphogenesis in plants, has not yet been successfully resolved. Here, we report a series of two-dimensional （2-D） magic-angle spinning solid-state NMR experiments on the recombi- nant N-terminal, 65-kDa PAS-GAF-PHY light-sensing module of phytochrome A3 from oat （Avena sativa）, assembled with uniformly 13C- and lSN-labeled phycocyanobilin （u-[13C,15N]-***3）. The Pr state of this protein was studied regarding the electronic structure of the chromophore and its interactions with the proximal amino acids. Using 2-D 13C-13C and 1Hj.N experiments, a complete set of 13C and 15N assignments for the chromophore were obtained. Also, a large number of 1H-13C distance restraints between the chromophore and its binding pocket were revealed by inter- facial heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy. 13C doublings of the chromophore A-ring region and the C-ring carbox- ylate moiety, together with the observation of two Pr isoforms, Pr-I and Pr-II, demonstrate the local mobility of the chromophore and the plasticity of its protein environment. It appears that the interactions and dynamics in the binding pocket of phyA in the Pr state are remarkably similar to those of cyanobacterial phytochrome （Cphl）. The N-terminus of the region modeled （residues 56-66 of phyA） is highly mobile. Differences in the regulatory processes involved in plant and Cphl phytochromes are discussed.

关键词： solid-state NMR plant phytochrome chromophore-protein interaction signal transduction

Probiotics in dietary guidelines and clinical recommendations outside the European Union

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2014年第43期20卷 16095-16100页

作者： Stephan Ebner Linda N Smug wolfgang Kneifel Seppo j.Salminen Mary Ellen Sanders University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna 1190 ViennaAustria Department of Bioprocess Engineering Wroc?aw University of EconomicsKomandorska 118/12053-345 Wroc?awPoland University of Turku 20014 TurkuFinland Dairy and Food Culture Technologies CentennialCO 80122United States

Fermented foods have been consumed for centuries across many geographical locales and have traditionally been considered healthy foods, partly because of the live microbes contained in them. The concept of “probiotics” further requires that the microbes be defined and their health effects be demonstrated through human intervention studies or other suitable investigations before marketing with corresponding health messages. Here, we review recommendations for fermented foods and probiotics in several countries outside the EU, focusing on food-based dietary guidelines. We emphasize recommendations on yoghurt and probiotics made by expert bodies. We found that dietary guidelines commonly advocate the consumption of yoghurt or similar products, but specific comments on probiotics are rare. Further, we reviewed guidelines from clinical associations. In general, they acknowledge the beneficial effects of probiotics, but often suggest the need for further research. This is true despite good quality evidence supporting the role of probiotics for certain health effects, such as prevention of eczema in infants, management of side effects from antibiotics and alleviation of functional bowel symptoms. Additional research to support future dietary recommendations should focus on determining effect size, identifying responders and non-responders, clarifying strain-specificity of effects and confirming mechanisms.

关键词： Fermented foods Probiotics Dietary guidelines Health claims

Concomitant pancreatic adenocarcinoma in a patient with branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2014年第27期20卷 9200-9204页

作者： j.anna K Law Christopher L wolfgang Matthew j.Weiss Anne Marie Lennon Division of Gastroenterology Johns Hopkins Hospital

Branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms(BD-IPMN) are pre-malignant pancreatic cystic lesions which carry a small risk of malignant transformation within the cyst. Guidelines exist with respect to surveillance of the cysts using computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and/or endoscopic ultrasound(EUS). There are reports that patients with IPMNs are at increased risk of developing pancreatic adenocarcinoma, which arises in an area separate to the IPMNs. We present two cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma arising within the parenchyma, distinct from the IPMN-associated cyst, identified with EUS. This case report highlights that patients with BD-IPMN are at increased risk for pancreatic adenocarcinoma separate from the cyst and also the importance for endosonographers to carefully survey the rest of the pancreatic parenchyma separate from the cyst in order to identify small pancreatic adenocarcinomas.

关键词： Pancreatic adenocarcinoma Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm Endoscopic ultrasound Surveillance

Self-assembled bright luminescent hierarchical materials from a tripodal benzoate antenna and heptadentate Eu(III) and Tb(III) cyclen complexes

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2019年第1期13卷 171-184页

作者： Aramballi j.Savyasachi David F.Caffrey Kevin Byrne Gerard Tobin Bruno D'Agostino wolfgang Schmitt Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) University of Dublin Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland School of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Adaptive Nanostructures and Nanodevices (CRANN) University of Dublin Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland

The europium heptadentate coordinatively unsaturated (Eu(III)) and the terbium (Tb(III)) 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (cyclen) complexes 1 and 2 were used in conj.nction with ligand 3 (1,3,5-benzene-trisethynylbenzoate) to form the supramolecular self-assembly structures 4 and 5;this being investigated in both the solid and the solution state. The resulting self-assemblies gave rise to metal centered emission (both in the solid and solution) upon excitation of 3, confirming its role as a sensitizing antenna. Drop-cased examples of ligand 3, and the solid forms of 4 and 5, formed from both organic and mixture of organic-aqueous solutions, were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy, which showed significant changes in morphology;the ligand giving rise to one dimensional structures, while both 4 and 5 formed amorphous materials that were highly dense solid networks containing nanoporous features. The surface area (216 and 119 m2·g^-1 for 4 and 5 respectively) and the ability of these porous materials to capture and store gases such as N2 investigated at 77 K. The self-assembly formation was also investigated in diluted solution by monitoring the various photophysical properties of 3–5. This demonstrated that the most stable structures were that consisting of a single antennae 3 and three complexes of 1 or 2 (e.g., 4 and 5) in solution. By monitoring the excited state lifetimes of the Eu(III) and Tb(III) ions in H2O and D2O respectively, we showed that their hydration states (the q-value) changed from -2 to 0, upon formation of the assemblies, indicating that the three benzoates of 3 coordinated directly to the each of the three lanthanide centers. Finally we demonstrate that this hierarchically porous materials can be used for the sensing of organic solvents as the emission is highly depended on the solvent environment;the lanthanide emission being quenched in the presence of acetonitrile and THF, but greatly enhanced in the presence of methanol.

关键词： self-assembly supramolecular chemistry lanthanides Eu(III) and Tb(III) complexes luminescence metallostars

Classifying handedness in chiral nanomaterials using label error robust deep learning

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npj.Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1417-1423页

作者： C.K.Groschner Alexander j.Pattison Assaf Ben-Moshe A.Paul Alivisatos wolfgang Theis M.C.Scott Department of Materials Science and Engineering UC BerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA School of Physics and Astronomy University of BirminghamBirminghamUK Department of Chemistry University of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA

High-throughput scanning electron microscopy(SEM)coupled with classification using neural networks is an ideal method to determine the morphological handedness of large populations of chiral *** labeling removes the time-consuming manual labeling of training data,but introduces label error,and subsequently classification error in the trained neural ***,we evaluate methods to minimize classification error when training from automated labels of SEM datasets of chiral Tellurium *** the mirror relationship between images of opposite handed particles,we artificially create populations of varying label *** analyze the impact of label error rate and training method on the classification error of neural networks on an ideal dataset and on a practical *** the three training methods considered,we find that a pretraining approach yields the most accurate results across label error rates on ideal datasets,where size and other morphological variables are held constant,but that a co-teaching approach performs the best in practical application.

关键词： error chiral remove

Light metal compound casting

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第1期52卷 46-51页

作者： Konrad j. M. PAPIS j.erg F. LOEFFLER Peter j. UGGOWITZER ETH Zurich Laboratory of Metal Physics and Technology Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 10

‘Compound casting’simplifies j.ining processes by directly casting a metallic melt onto a solid metal substrate. A continuously metallurgic transition is very important for industrial applications, such as j.int structures of spaceframe constructions in transport industry. In this proj.ct, ‘compound casting’ of light metals is investigated, aiming at weight-saving. The substrate used is a wrought aluminium alloy of type AA5xxx, containing magnesium as main alloying element. The melts are aluminium alloys, containing various alloying elements (Cu, Si, Zn), and magnesium. By replacing the natural oxygen layer with a zinc layer, the inherent wetting difficulties were avoided, and compounds with flawless interfaces were successfully produced (no contraction defects, cracks or oxides). Electron microscopy and EDX investigations as well as optical micrographs of the interfacial areas revealed their continu- ously metallic constitution. Diffusion of alloying elements leads to heat-treatable microstructures in the vicinity of the j.ining interfaces in Al-Al couples. This permits significant variability of mechanical properties. Without significantly cutting down on wettability, the formation of low-melting intermetallic phases (Al3Mg2 and Al12Mg17 IMPs) at the interface of Al-Mg couples was avoided by applying a protective coating to the substrate.

关键词： compound casting aluminium alloys magnesium alloys interface structure

A possible important CO_2 sink by the global water cycle

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第3期53卷 402-407页

作者： LIU ZaiHua wolfgang DREYBRODT WANG Haij.ng The State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550002 China Karst Dynamics Laboratory Ministry of Land and Resources Guilin 541004 China Institute of Experimental Physics University of Bremen Bremen 28334 Germany School of Geographical Sciences Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China

The locations,magnitudes,variations and mechanisms responsible for the global CO2 sink are uncer-tain and under ***,we show,based on theoretical calculations and evidences from field monitoring results,that there is a possible important CO2 sink(as DIC-dissolved inorganic carbon)by the global water *** sink constitutes up to 0.8013 Pg C/a(or 10.1% of the total anthropogenic CO2 emission,or 28.6% of the missing CO2 sink),and is formed by the CO2 absorption of water and subsequent enhanced consumption by carbonate dissolution and aquatic plant *** the sink,0.5188 Pg C/a goes to sea via precipitation over sea(0.2748 Pg C/a)and continental rivers(0.244 Pg C/a),0.158 Pg C/a is released to the atmosphere again,and 0.1245 Pg C/a is stored in the continental aquatic ***,the net sink could be 0.6433 Pg C/*** sink may increase with the global-warming-intensified global water cycle,the increase in CO2 and carbonate dust in atmosphere,and reforestation/afforestation,the latter increasing soil CO2,and thus the concentration of the DIC in water.

关键词：二氧化碳全球水循环碳酸盐分解水生植物光合作用