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Catalytic effect in lithium metal batteries: From heterogeneous catalyst to homogenous catalyst

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 305-326,I0008页

作者： Haining fan xuan-wen Gao Hailong Xu Yichun Ding Shi-Xue Dou wen-Bin Luo School of Fashion and Textiles The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 100872China Institute for Energy Electrochemistry and Urban Mines Metallurgy School of MetallurgyNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819LiaoningChina Institute of Energy Materials Science University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200000China State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710000ShaanxiChina

Lithium metal batteries are regarded as prominent contenders to address the pressing needs owing to the high theoretical capacity.Toward the broader implementation,the primary obstacle lies in the intricate multi-electron,multi-step redox reaction associated with sluggish conversion kinetics,subsequently giving rise to a cascade of parasitic issues.In order to smooth reaction kinetics,catalysts are widely introduced to accelerate reaction rate via modulating the energy barrier.Over past decades,a large amount of research has been devoted to the catalyst design and catalytic mechanism exploration,and thus the great progress in electrochemical performance has been realized.Therefore,it is necessary to make a comprehensive review toward key progress in catalyst design and future development pathway.In this review,the basic mechanism of lithium metal batteries is provided along with corresponding advantages and existing challenges detailly described.The main catalysts employed to accelerate cathode reaction with emphasis on their catalytic mechanism are summarized as well.Finally,the rational design and innovative direction toward efficient catalysts are suggested for future application in metal-sulfur/gas battery and beyond.This review is expected to drive and benefit future research on rational catalyst design with multi-parameter synergistic impacts on the activity and stability of next-generation metal battery,thus opening new avenue for sustainable solution to climate change,energy and environmental issues,and the potential industrial economy.

关键词： Energy storage and conversion Metal battery Sulfur battery Air battery Catalytic effect Heterogeneous catalyst Homogeneous catalyst

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Significant contribution of carbonyls to atmospheric oxidation capacity(AOC)during the winter haze pollution over North China Plain

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 377-388页

作者： Xue Yang Gen Zhang Guang Pan Guolan fan Houyong Zhang xuan Ge Mingyue Du School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Shandong Jianzhu UniversityJi’nan 250101China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather&Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of China Meteorological Administration Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Shandong Jinan Ecological Environment Monitoring Center Ji’nan 250101China

Atmospheric carbonyl compounds play significant roles in the cycling of radicals and have exhibited surprisingly high levels in winter that were well correlated to particulate matter,for which the reason have not been clearly elucidated.Here we measured carbonyl compounds and other trace gasses together with PM_(2.5)over urban Jinan in North China Plain during the winter.Markedly higher carbonyl concentrations(average:14.63±4.21 ppbv)were found during wintertime haze pollution,about one to three-times relative to those on nonhaze days,with slight difference in chemical composition except formaldehyde(HCHO).HCHO(3.68 ppbv),acetone(3.17 ppbv),and acetaldehyde(CH_3CHO)(2.83 ppbv)were the three most abundant species,accounting for~75% of the total carbonylson both haze and non-haze days.Results from observational-based model(OBM)with atmospheric oxidation capacity(AOC)indicated that AOC significantly increased with the increasing carbonyls during the winter haze events.Carbonyl photolysis have supplied key oxidants such as RO_(2) and HO_(2),and thereby enhancing the formation of fine particles and secondary organic aerosols,elucidating the observed haze-carbonyls inter-correlation.Diurnal variation with carbonyls exhibiting peak values at early-noon and night highlighted the combined contribution of both secondary formation and primary diesel-fuel sources.1-butene was further confirmed to be the major precursor for HCHO.This study confirms the great contribution of carbonyls to AOC,and also suggests that reducing the emissions of carbonyls would be an effective way to mitigate haze pollution in urban area of the NCP region.

关键词： Carbonyls Haze Observation-based model Source apportionment Atmospheric oxidation capacity

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Deciphering the population structure and genetic basis of growth traits from whole-genome resequencing of the leopard coral grouper(Plectropomus leopardus)

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Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 329-340页

作者： Shao-xuan Wu Qi-fan Zeng wen-Tao Han Meng-Ya Wang Hui Ding Ming-xuan Teng Ming-Yi Wang Pei-Yu Li Xin Gao Zhen-Min Bao Bo Wang Jing-Jie Hu MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding College of Marine Life Sciences/Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan ProvinceSanya Oceanographic InstitutionOcean University of ChinaQingdaoShandong/SanyaHainan 266100/572025China Hainan Seed Industry Laboratory SanyaHainan 572025China Southern Marine Science and Engineer Guangdong Laboratory GuangzhouGuangdong 511458China

The leopard coral grouper(Plectropomus leopardus)is a species of significant economic importance.Although artificial cultivation of P.leopardus has thrived in recent decades,the advancement of selective breeding has been hindered by the lack of comprehensive population genomic data.In this study,we identified over 8.73 million single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)through whole-genome resequencing of 326 individuals spanning six distinct groups.Furthermore,we categorized 226 individuals with high-coverage sequencing depth(≥14×)into eight clusters based on their genetic profiles and phylogenetic relationships.Notably,four of these clusters exhibited pronounced genetic differentiation compared with the other populations.To identify potentially advantageous loci for P.leopardus,we examined genomic regions exhibiting selective sweeps by analyzing the nucleotide diversity(θπ)and fixation index(FST)in these four clusters.Using these high-coverage resequencing data,we successfully constructed the first haplotype reference panel specific to P.leopardus.This achievement holds promise for enabling high-quality,cost-effectiveimputationmethods.Additionally,we combined low-coverage sequencing data with imputation techniques for a genome-wide association study,aiming to identify candidate SNP loci and genes associated with growth traits.A significant concentration of these genes was observed on chromosome 17,which is primarily involved in skeletal muscle and embryonic development and cell proliferation.Notably,our detailed investigation of growth-related SNPs across the eight clusters revealed that cluster 5 harbored the most promising candidate SNPs,showing potential for genetic selective breeding efforts.These findings provide a robust toolkit and valuable insights into the management of germplasm resources and genome-driven breeding initiatives targeting P.leopardus.

关键词： Plectropomus leopardus Whole-genome resequencing Growth Haplotype reference panel Single nucleotide polymorphisms

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Use of curcumin and its nanopreparations in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第3期30卷 280-282页

作者： Zi-wen Meng Bing Chang Li-xuan Sang Department of Gastroenterology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110022Liaoning ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110001Liaoning ProvinceChina

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a nonspecific inflammatory disease of the intestine that includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Because IBD is difficult to heal and easily relapses,it could worsen patient quality of life and increase economic burdens.Curcumin(CUR)is a bioactive component derived from the rhizome of turmeric(Curcuma longa).Many basic and clinical studies have shown that CUR can efficiently treat IBD by decreasing the activity of proinflammatory cytokines by communicating with transcription factors and signaling molecules.However,due to the limitations of being almost insoluble in aqueous solutions and having low oral bioavailability,it is important to select appropriate pharmaceutical preparations.

关键词： Curcumin Inflammatory bowel disease Bioavailability Nanotherapeutics

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Sequence structure controllable polymerization-induced self-assembly

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第1期67卷 390-397页

作者： Zi-xuan Chang Ren-Man Zhu Chun-Yan Hong wen-Jian Zhang Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China

Polymerization-induced self-assembly(PISA)combines synthesis and self-assembly of artificial polymers in one-pot,which brings us one step closer to emulating biosynthesis.However,the reported PISA formulations primarily focus on developing nano-objects with new chemical compositions and rarely on structural regulation of polymers with specific components.Herein,sequence structure controllable polymerization-induced self-assembly(SCPISA)is reported by using 7-(2-methacryloyloxyethoxy)-4-methylcoumarin(CMA)as a monomer.During the copolymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate(HEMA)and CMA,controlled incorporation of CMA units into the polymer chains can be realized by programmable light/heat changes.SCPISA-based P(HEMA-co-CMA)copolymers with the same composition but different sequence structures generate a range of assemblies.Moreover,the morphologies of the resultant nano-objects can also be controlled by regulating the feed molar ratio of CMA and HEMA,which is similar to the conventional PISA,but the synthesis procedure is obviously simplified in SCPISA.The versatility of the methodology is further demonstrated by the fabrication of different functional nano-objects with sequence structure-dependent morphologies in SCPISA systems with different functional monomers.

关键词： polymerization-induced self-assembly sequence-controlled polymers PET-RAFT polymerization

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Effects of NLRP3 Inflammasome Mediated Pyroptosis on Cardiovascular Diseases and Intervention Mechanism of Chinese Medicine

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第5期30卷 468-479页

作者： ZHONG Yi LI Xin-yue LIANG Tian-jun DING Bao-zhu MA Ke-xin REN wen-xuan LIANG wen-jie College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hebei University of Chinese MedicineHebei Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Liver and Kidney DiseasesInstitute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShijiazhuang 050200China Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang UniversityJiujiangJiangxi Province 332000China Graduate School Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050017China Rural Physician College Hebei Medical UniversityShijazhuang 050017China Medical Department the First Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050030China

Activation of the NOD-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome signaling pathway is an important mechanism underlying myocardial pyroptosis and plays an important role in inflammatory damage to myocardial tissue in patients with cardiovascular diseases(CVDs),such as diabetic cardiomyopathy,ischemia/reperfusion injury,myocardial infarction,heart failure and hypertension.Noncoding RNAs(nc RNAs)are important regulatory factors.Many Chinese medicine(CM)compounds,including their effective components,can regulate pyroptosis and exert myocardium-protecting effects.The mechanisms underlying this protection include inhibition of inflammasome protein expression,Toll-like receptor 4–NF-κB signal pathway activation,oxidative stress,endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS),and mixed lineage kinase 3 expression and the regulation of silent information regulator 1.The NLRP3 protein is an important regulatory target for CVD prevention and treatment with CM.Exploring the effects of the interventions mediated by CM and the related mechanisms provides new ideas and perspectives for CVD prevention and treatment.

关键词： pyroptosis cardiovascular diseases Chinese medicine NOD-like receptor protein 3 mechanisms

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Dynamic interactive bitwise meta-holography with ultra-high computational and display frame rates

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第1期7卷 36-46页

作者： Yuncheng Liu Ke Xu Xuhao fan Xinger Wang xuan Yu Wei Xiong Hui Gao Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Optics Valley Laboratory Wuhan 430074China

Interactive holography offers unmatched levels of immersion and user engagement in the field of future display.Despite of the substantial progress has been made in dynamic meta-holography,the realization of real-time,highly smooth interactive holography remains a significant challenge due to the computational and display frame rate limitations.In this study,we introduced a dynamic interactive bitwise meta-holography with ultra-high computational and display frame rates.To our knowledge,this is the first reported practical dynamic interactive metasurface holographic system.We spa-tially divided the metasurface device into multiple distinct channels,each projecting a reconstructed sub-pattern.The switching states of these channels were mapped to bitwise operations on a set of bit values,which avoids complex holo-gram computations,enabling an ultra-high computational frame rate.Our approach achieves a computational frame rate of 800 kHz and a display frame rate of 23 kHz on a low-power Raspberry Pi computational platform.According to this methodology,we demonstrated an interactive dynamic holographic Tetris game system that allows interactive gameplay,color display,and on-the-fly hologram creation.Our technology presents an inspiration for advanced dynamic meta-holography,which is promising for a broad range of applications including advanced human-computer interaction,real-time 3D visualization,and next-generation virtual and augmented reality systems.

关键词： interactive display meta-holography bitwise operation ultra-high frame rate

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Applications of single-cell RNA sequencing in spermatogenesis and molecular evolution

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Zoological Research 2024年第3期45卷 575-585页

作者： wen-Bo Chen Meng-Fei Zhang fan Yang Jin-Lian Hua College of Veterinary Medicine Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering&TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China

Spermatogenic cell heterogeneity is determined by the complex process of spermatogenesis differentiation.However,effectively revealing the regulatory mechanisms underlying mammalian spermatogenic cell development and differentiation via traditional methods is difficult.Advances in technology have led to the emergence of many single-cell transcriptome sequencing protocols,which have partially addressed these challenges.In this review,we detail the principles of 10x Genomics technology and summarize the methods for downstream analysis of single-cell transcriptome sequencing data.Furthermore,we explore the role of single-cell transcriptome sequencing in revealing the heterogeneity of testicular ecological niche cells,delineating the establishment and disruption of testicular immune homeostasis during human spermatogenesis,investigating abnormal spermatogenesis in humans,and,ultimately,elucidating the molecular evolution of mammalian spermatogenesis.

关键词： Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq) Spermatogenesis Molecular evolution Sertoli cell

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Solvent-free carbon sphere nanofluids towards intelligent lubrication regulation

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Friction 2024年第1期12卷 95-109页

作者： Sheng ZHANG wen LI Xiaoliang MA Xiaoqiang fan Minhao ZHU Tribology Research Institute School of Mechanical EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials Ministry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China

By simply switching the electrical circuit installed on steel/steel contact,the tribological behaviors of nanofluids(NFs)can be regulated in real time,thereby achieving the desired performance of friction reduction and wear resistance.Herein,solvent-free carbon spherical nanofluids(C-NFs)were successfully prepared for intelligent lubrication regulation.C-NFs with excellent lubrication performance can immediately reduce the coefficient of friction(COF)despite applying a weak electric potential(1.5 V).Moreover,polyethylene glycol 400(PEG400)containing 5.0 wt%C-NFs remained responsive to electrical stimulation under the intermittent voltage application with an average coefficient of friction(ACOF)reduction of 20.8%over PEG400.Such intelligent lubrication regulation of C-NFs under an external electric field(EEF)mainly depends on the orderly arranged double-electric adsorption film of ion canopy-adsorbed carbon spheres(CSs).The intermittent electrical application can continuously reinforce the adsorption film and its durability for real-time controlling the sliding interfaces.Electrical-stimulation-responsive intelligent lubricants provide a new technical support for realizing intelligent stepless control of devices.

关键词： solvent-free carbon spherical nanofluids(C-NFs) intelligent lubrication regulation lubrication performance adsorption film

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Upadacitinib for refractory ulcerative colitis with primary nonresponse to infliximab and vedolizumab:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第9期12卷 1685-1690页

作者： xuan Xu Jing-wen Jiang Bing-Yun Lu Xia-Xi Li Department of Gastroenterology Shenzhen HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityShenzhen 518100Guangdong ProvinceChina The First Clinical Medical School Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Many patients with ulcerative colitis(UC)do not respond well to,or tolerate conventional and biological therapies.There is currently no consensus on the treatment of refractory UC.Studies have demonstrated that the selective Janus kinase 1 inhibitor upadacitinib,a small-molecule drug,is effective and safe for treating UC.However,no studies have revealed that upadacitinib is effective in treating refractory UC with primary nonresponse to infliximab and vedolizumab.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 44-year-old male patient with a chief complaint of bloody diarrhoea with mucus and pus,in addition to dizziness.The patient had recurrent disease after receiving mesalazine,prednisone,azathioprine,infliximab and vedolizumab over four years.Based on the endoscopic findings and pathological biopsy,the patient was diagnosed with refractory UC.In particular,the patient showed primary nonresponse to infliximab and vedolizumab.Based on the patient’s history and recurrent disease,we decided to administer upadacitinib.During hospitalisation,the patient was received upadacitinib under our guidance.Eight weeks after the initiation of upadacitinib treatment,the patient’s symptoms and endoscopic findings improved significantly.No notable adverse reactions have been reported to date.CONCLUSION Our case report suggests that upadacitinib may represent a valuable strategy for treating refractory UC with primary nonresponse.

关键词： Upadacitinib Refractory ulcerative colitis Primary nonresponse Infliximab Vedolizumab Case report

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