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Goal-Oriented Control Systems(GOCS):From HOW to WHAT

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第4期11卷 816-819页

作者： wen-hua Chen the Department of Aeronautical and Automotive Engineering Loughborough UniversityLeicestershireLE113TUU.K.

Brief:New control theory is required to underpin safe design and deployment of future highly automated systems to deal with uncertain environments and complicated tasks,enabled by AI and other advanced ***-Oriented Control Systems offer potential to transform the control system design from currently instructing a control system how to perform a task to specifying what is to be achieved.

关键词： automated instru system

Effect of respiratory syncytial virus on the activity of matrix metalloproteinase in mice

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Chinese Medical Journal 2007年第1期120卷 5-11页

作者： LI wen SHEN hua-hao Department of Respiratory Medicine Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University College of Medicine Institute of RespiratoryDiseases Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310009 China

Background Respiratory syncytial virus （RSV） is a common pathogen in the lower respiratory tract of infants and children. Recent studies have shown that in adults, especially in the eldedy population who have relatively weak immunity, lower respiratory tract infection is not uncommon. RSV was detected in 22% hospitalized patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）, and the detection rate was only next to that of parvovirus and influenza virus respectively. Further studies revealed that lung infection of RSV could lead to inflammatory destruction and structural remodeling. This study was undertaken to examine the effect of infection with RSV on matrix metalloproteinase （MMPs） in mice, and to explore the role of RSV in the pathogenesis of pulmonary diseases. Methods Twenty BALB/c mice were divided randomly into an RSV infection group and a blank control group. The mice in the RSV infection group were given 100 pl liquid containing 10s PFU of RSV by intranasal instillation. Three days after the infection, the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） was harvested and RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect MMP-9 and the expression of tissue inhibitors of matdx metalloproteinase （TIMP）-I mRNA in lung tissues. Gelatin zymography was employed to detect the activities of MMP-9 and MMP-2 in BALF. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expressions of E-cadherin （E-cd） and proliferating call nuclear antigen （PCNA） in the lung tissues. Results In the BALF of the mice infected with RSV, the activities of MMP-9 and MMP-2 were significantly increased （t=-6.08, P〈0.01 and t=5.68, P〈0.01）. The levels of mRNAand proteins of MMP-9 in the lung tissues of the mica infected with RSV were significantly elevated, and the mRNA and protein levels were significantly higher than those of the blank controls. Though the ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1 mRNA in the lung tissues of the infected mica was not significantly different from that of the normal c

关键词： respiratory syncytial virus matrix metalloproteinase inhibitory agents E-caherin,. proliferating cell nuclear antigen

Experimental observation of spontaneous symmetry breaking in a quantum phase transition

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第2期67卷 34-39页

作者： wen Ning Ri-hua Zheng Jia-hao Lu Fan Wu Zhen-Biao Yang Shi-Biao Zheng Fujian Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optics College of Physics and Information EngineeringFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088China

Spontaneous symmetry breaking(SSB)plays a central role in understanding a large variety of phenomena associated with phase transitions,such as superfluid and *** far,the transition from a symmetric vacuum to a macroscopically ordered phase has been substantially *** process bridging these two distinct phases is critical to understanding how a classical world emerges from a quantum phase transition,but so far remains unexplored in *** here report an experimental demonstration of such a process with a quantum Rabi model engineered with a superconducting *** move the system from the normal phase to the superradiant phase featuring two symmetry-breaking field components,one of which is observed to emerge as the classical *** results demonstrate that the environment-induced decoherence plays a critical role in the SSB.

关键词： quantum phase transition Rabi model spontaneous symmetry breaking superconducting circuit Schrodinger cat states

Learnware:small models do big

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 39-50页

作者： Zhi-hua ZHOU Zhi-hao TAN National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University

There are complaints about current machine learning techniques such as the requirement of a huge amount of training data and proficient training skills,the difficulty of continual learning,the risk of catastrophic forgetting,and the leaking of data privacy/*** research efforts have been focusing on one of those concerned issues separately,paying less attention to the fact that most issues are entangled in *** prevailing big model paradigm,which has achieved impressive results in natural language processing and computer vision applications,has not yet addressed those issues,whereas becoming a serious source of carbon *** article offers an overview of the learnware paradigm,which attempts to enable users not to need to build machine learning models from scratch,with the hope of reusing small models to do things even beyond their original purposes,where the key ingredient is the specification which enables a trained model to be adequately identified to reuse according to the requirement of future users who know nothing about the model in advance.

关键词： artificial intelligence machine learning learnware

Aboveground biomass stocks of species-rich natural forests in southern China are influenced by stand structural attributes,species richness and precipitation

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Plant Diversity 2024年第4期46卷 530-536页

作者： wen-hao Zeng Shi-Dan Zhu Ying-hua Luo Wei Shi Yong-Qiang Wang Kun-Fang Cao State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation College of ForestryGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Karst Mountainous Areas of Southwestern China School of Life SciencesGuizhou Normal UniversityHuaxi College TownGui'an DistrictGuiyang 550025China

Forests,the largest terrestrial carbon sinks,play an important role in carbon sequestration and climate change *** forest attributes and environmental factors have been shown to impact aboveground biomass,their influence on biomass stocks in species-rich forests in southern China,a biodiversity hotspot,has rarely been *** this study,we characterized the effects of environmental factors,forest structure,and species diversity on aboveground biomass stocks of 30 plots(1 ha each) in natural forests located within seven nature reserves distributed across subtropical and marginal tropical zones in Guangxi,*** results indicate that forest aboveground biomass stocks in this region are lower than those in mature tropical and subtropical forests in other ***,we found that aboveground biomass was positively correlated with stand age,mean annual precipitation,elevation,structural attributes and species richness,although not with species *** we compared stands with the same basal area,we found that aboveground biomass stock was higher in communities with a higher coefficient of variation of diameter at breast *** findings highlight the importance of maintaining forest structural diversity and species richness to promote aboveground biomass accumulation and reveal the potential impacts of precipitation changes resulting from climate warming on the ecosystem services of subtropical and northern tropical forests in ***,many natural forests in southern China are not fully ***,their continued growth will increase their carbon storage over time.

关键词： Subtropical forest Marginal tropical forest Aboveground biomass Species diversity Forest structural attribute Environment factor

Formation of free-surface vortex and vortex suppression by rotating stopper-rod at end of tundish casting

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第5期31卷 1104-1116页

作者： Qing Fang Peng Zhao hua Zhang wen-hao Zhou Gang Yu Jia-hui Wang Hong-wei Ni The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081HubeiChina Hunan Valin Xiangtan Iron and Steel Co. Ltd.Xiangtan411101HunanChina Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for New Processes of Ironmaking and Steelmaking Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430081HubeiChina

A rotating stopper-rod technique was proposed to suppress the formation of free-surface vortex in the *** large eddy simulation model coupled with volume of fluid model was developed to study the steel–slag–gas three-phase flow *** critical slag entrapment height of the free-surface vortex and mass of residual steel were predicted at different rotating speeds(30,60,90 and 120 r/min)of the rotating *** numerical model was verified by water model *** results showed that by rotating the stopper-rod in the opposite direction of the vortex above the submerged entry nozzle,the formation of vortex can be effectively disturbed and the critical height of the free-surface vortex can be *** for the 2nd strand,when the rotating speeds are 30,60,90 and 120 r/min,the critical height of the free-surface vortex above the 2nd strand is 7.3,4.7,6.3 and 7.4 cm,respectively.A reasonable rotating speed should be 60 r/min,which can reduce about 2 tons of residual *** rotating speeds just can reduce about 1.6 tons of residual steel.

关键词： Tundish Free-surface vortex Stopper-rod Numerical simulation Multiphase flow

Isotopic insights on quantitative assessments of interaction of eco-hydrological processes in multi-scale karst watersheds

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 156-170页

作者： Zhuo hao Yang Gao Qingwen Zhang wen wen Agricultural Clean Watershed Research Group Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in AgricultureCAASBeijing100081China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing100101China School of Humanities and Social Sciences Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China

The dynamics of hydrological processes and the storage mechanisms of karst water resources are the most important issues in karst *** impact of environmental changes on water quantity,and the evaluation and quantification of eco-hydrological processes remain poorly *** this study,high-frequency continuous monitoring in multi-scale karst watersheds in Southwest China combined the approaches of water isotopes and the hybrid single-particle lagrangian integrated trajectory(HYSPLIT)model to identify the recharge mechanisms between atmospheric vapor,rainfall,surface water,and groundwater,and to reveal the interaction of eco-hydrological *** dominant moisture sources in Puding(PD)County were the Indian Ocean(43-69%)and local moisture(24-33%).Theδ^(18)O and deuterium excess(d-excess)values showed a positive correlation indicating that secondary or sub-cloud evaporation was prominent in the wet *** water line-conditioned excess(lc-excess)indicated that karst water interacted with recent precipitation,groundwater,and evaporation across *** to its specific hydrogeological structure,surface water and rainwater have a higher contribution rate to groundwater *** Chenqi stream replenished the Houzhai River mainly in the form of groundwater,with percentages ranging from 38.1 to 93.5%in the wet season,and 47.8-80.1%in the dry *** the Houzhai outlet,surface water and groundwater interconverted frequently with a percentage of 45.6-49.1%.We believe this is the first systematic study to quantify the supply relationship between water vapor transport,rainfall,surface water and groundwater in the Chinese karst zone,making a significant move forward in the field of karst hydrological processes and improving the efficiency of water resource evaluation and management.

关键词： Stable isotope Moisture sources Water cycle Karst watersheds

Ultra-high-rate Bi anode encapsulated in 3D lignin-derived carbon framework for sodium-ion hybrid capacitors

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 1037-1047页

作者： Ze-hua Lin Xue-Qing Qiu Xi-Hong Zu Xiao-Shan Zhang Lei Zhong Shi-Rong Sun Shu-hua hao Ying-Juan Sun wen-Li Zhang School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology(GDUT)Guangzhou510006China Jieyang Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Rongjiang Laboratory) Jieyang515200China School of Advanced Manufacturing Institute of Green Chemistry and Advanced MaterialsGuangdong University of TechnologyJieyang515200China

Bismuth(Bi),as an alloy-based anode material,has attracted much atte ntion in the developme nt of sodiumion hybrid capacitors(SIHCs)due to its high theoretical ***,the volume expansion of the Bi-based anode during the sodiation/desodiation process results in limited rate *** the present work,a porous Bi-based composite was constructed by a one-step hydrothermal method,and Bi was encapsulated in ligninderived nitrogen-doped porous carbon(Bi@LNPC)after *** obtained Bi nanoparticles could effectively adapt to the strain and shorten the diffusion distance of Na^(+).In addition,porous carbon skeleton provides a rigid conductive network for electronic ***,the assembled sodium-ion half-cell with Bi@LNPC anode shows ultra-high-rate *** the current density was enhanced from 0.1 to 50 A·g^(-1),the specific capacity decreased slightly from 351.5 to 342.8 mAh·g^(-1).Even at an extremely high current density of 200 A·g^(-1),it retains 81.3%capacity retention when compared to a current density of 1 A·g^(-1).The SIHCs assembled by Bi@LNPC show a high energy density of 63 Wh·kg^(-1).This work provides an effective method for developing high-rate Bi anode materials for sodium-ion hybrid capacitors(SIHCs)and sodium-ion batteries(SIBs).

关键词： Bismuth Lignin Sodium-ion batteries Sodium-ion hybrid capacitors Rate Porous carbon

A new liquid membrane diffusion model for characterizing the adsorption kinetics of europium by using a continuous measurement of adsorption platform

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 59-72页

作者： hao-Qi Yu Tao Yu Jian-hua Ye State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China CGN Cangnan Nuclear Power Co. Ltd.Cangnan 325800China Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Devices East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China School of Nuclear Science and Engineering East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China

To explore the kinetic adsorption under continuous and nonequilibrium states, an integration of continuous measurement and adsorption platform kinetics method was proposed, which was initially called the ICM-AP kinetics method, and a corresponding kinetic adsorption experimental method was developed. Adsorption experiments of europium(Eu) on Ca-bentonite,Na-bentonite, and the D231 cation exchange resin were performed using the ICM-AP kinetics method and continuous measurements. Because the kinetic experimental results observed in this study were different from those of traditional batch adsorption data, pseudo-first-order or pseudo-second-order kinetic models were unsuitable for fitting the experimental ***, a liquid membrane diffusion(LMD) model was developed based on the assumption of simultaneous adsorption/desorption to discuss the mechanism of kinetic adsorption. The kinetic adsorption mechanism was also studied by using *** results indicated that the proposed adsorption model can fit the experimental data more suitably, and the adsorption/desorption behaviors of Eu on bentonite and the D231 resin were simultaneously observed, suggesting that the adsorption kinetics of Eu(Ⅲ) was mainly dominated by hydrated Eu(Ⅲ) ions on the liquid membrane.

关键词： ICM-AP method LMD model Adsorption mechanism Eu(Ⅲ)