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Impacts of major volcanic eruptions over the past two millennia on both global and Chinese climates:A review

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 61-78页

作者： weiyi SUN Deliang chen Guonian LÜ Liang NING Chaochao GAO Renhe ZHANG Bin WANG Jian LIU Key Laboratory for Virtual Geographic Environment Ministry of EducationState Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Geographical Environment Evolution of Jiangsu ProvinceJiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and ApplicationSchool of Geography ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Regional Climate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg 40530Sweden College of Environmental and Resource Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences&Institute of Atmospheric Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200437China Department of Atmospheric Sciences and Atmosphere-Ocean Research Center University of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96825USA Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Numerical Simulation of Large Scale Complex Systems School of Mathematical ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Open Studio for the Simulation of Ocean-Climate-Isotope Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China

Major volcanic eruptions(MVEs)have attracted increasing attention from the scientific community.Previous studies have explored the climatic impact of MVEs over the past two millennia.However,proxy-based reconstructions and climate model simulations indicate divergent responses of global and China’s regional climates to MVEs.Here,we used multiple data from observations,reconstructions,simulations,and assimilations to summarize the historical facts of MVEs,the characteristics and mechanisms of their climatic impact,and directions for future research.We reviewed volcanic datasets and determined intensive MVE periods;these periods corresponded to the years 530–700,1200‒1460,and 1600‒1840 CE.After tropical MVEs,a substantial cooling effect is observed throughout the globe and China on the interannual-interdecadal time scales but an inconsistent cooling magnitude is detected between reconstructions and simulations.In the first summer after tropical MVEs,a decrease in global and monsoonal precipitation is observed.In reconstructions and simulations,an increased precipitation is seen for the Yangtze River Basin,while large uncertainties in precipitation changes are present for other regions of China.Decadal drought can be induced by frequent eruptions and volcanism superimposed on low solar irradiation and internal variability.MVEs affect climate directly through the radiative effect and indirectly by modulating internal variability,such as the El Niño‒Southern Oscillation(ENSO)and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation(AMO).However,changes in the phase,amplitude,and periodicity of ENSO and AMO after MVEs and the associated mechanisms remain controversial,which could account for model-reconstruction disagreements.Moreover,other internal variability,uncertainties in reconstruction methods and aerosol‒climate models,and climate background may also induce model-reconstruction disagreements.Knowledge gaps and directions for future research are also discussed.

关键词： Major volcanic eruption Climate variability Mechanism Past two millennia Internal variability

Targeted Deposition in a Lithiophilic Silver-Modified 3D Cu Host for Lithium-Metal Anodes

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第5期6卷 355-363页

作者： weiyi chen Shaopeng Li chenhui Wang Hui Dou Xiaogang Zhang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies College of Materials Science and TechnologyNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China

Lithium-metal batteries are regarded as the"Holy Grail"of next-generation batteries.However,lithium dendrite and anode volume expansion in cycles seriously hinders lithium-metal battery applications.Herein,we propose a precise and efficient strategy for stabilizing lithium-metal batteries via a lithiophilic Ag-modified Cu current host(Li@CuM/Ag).By applying the magnetron sputtering method,the lithiophilic silver layer can be anchored homogeneously on the Cu mesh.The lithiophilic silver layer effectively guides uniform Li deposition in the 3D host and realizes spatial control over Li nucleation.In addition,a dendrite-free lithium anode is successfully realized,which has been proven by in situ optical dynamic tests and Li deposition simulations.The symmetrical cell can maintain a low overpotential(230 mV)and long cycle life(90 h)at a large current of 10 mA cm^(-2)for a plating amount of 3 mAh cm^(-2).Furthermore,Li@CuM/Ag||LiCoO2 cells exhibited a high-capacity retention rate(86.39%)after 150 cycles at 2 C.Lithiophilic hosts based on magnetron sputtering provide a feasible strategy for applications of lithium-metal batteries.

关键词： lithiophilic modification lithium-metal battery lithium-metal host magnetron sputtering targeted deposition

Analysis of specific lipid metabolites in cord blood of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

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BIOCELL 2022年第6期46卷 1565-1573页

作者： YANQIU LI chenJUN HAO weiyi chen QINGJU MENG Obstetrics Department Maternal and Child Health Hospital of PanYu DistrictGuangzhou511483China

This work aimed to clarify the interaction between the fetus and pregnant patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM),the lipid metabolomics analysis of the fetal umbilical cord blood of GDM patients and normal pregnant women were performed to screen out the specific lipid metabolites for pathogenesis of GDM.From 2019–2020,21 patients with GDM and 22 normal pregnant women were enrolled in Hexian Memorial Hospital,Panyu District,Guangzhou.The general information such as weight,height,age,body mass index(BMI)before pregnancy were analyzed.Non-targeted metabonomic detection and analysis were performed in umbilical cord plasma using LCMS method.The age,BMI,delivery methods,and infant weight were different between GDM and control.There were 167 lipid metabolites in umbilical cord blood associated with GDM.Among them,158 upregulated and 9 downregulated in GDM.There were 13 dysregulated metabolites with C<30,including Lyso-phosphatidyl-colines LPC 16:0,18:2,18:1,18:0,20:4 and 22:6,glycerophosphocholines PC O-16:1,oleoylcarnitine CAR 18:2 and 18:1,dihexosylceramides Hex2Cer 13:0;2O,phosphatidylethanolamine PE O-22:6_2:0 and PE O-22:6_3:0 and sphingomyelin SM 8:0;2O/11:0.Those metabolites were associated with glycerophospholipid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism.Therefore,Lyso-phosphatidyl-colines,glycerophosphocholines,oleoylcarnitine,dihexosylceramides,phosphatidylethanolamine,and sphingomyelin were main lipid metabolites of GDM,which might be used for diagnosis and treatment of GDM.

关键词： Lipid Metabolite Gestational diabetes mellitus Pregnancy Infant

Hydroxylated metal–organic-layer nanocages anchoring single atomic cobalt sites for robust photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2410-2419页

作者： weiyi Pan Zhihe Wei Yanhui Su Yuebin Lian Zhangyi Zheng Huihong Yuan Yongze Qin Xulan Xie Qianqian Bai Zhenyang Jiao Wei Hua Jinzhou chen Wenjun Yang Zhao Deng Yang Peng Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations College of EnergySoochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China School of Photoelectric Engineering Changzhou institute of technologyChangzhou 213032China Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China

Assembly of two-dimensional(2D)metal–organic layers(MOLs)based on the hard and soft acid–base theorem represents an exquisite strategy for the construction of photocatalytic platforms in virtue of the highly exposed active sites,much improved mass transport,and greatly elevated stability.Herein,nanocages composed of MOLs are produced for the first time through a cosolvent approach utilizing zirconium-based UiO-66-(OH)2 as the structural precursor.To endow the catalytic activity for CO_(2) conversion,single atomic Co^(2+)sites are appended to the Zr-oxo nodes of the MOL cages,demonstrating a remarkable CO yield of 7.74 mmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1) and operational stability of 97.1%product retention after five repeated cycles.Such an outstanding photocatalytic performance is mainly attributed to the unique nanocage morphology comprising enormous 2D nanosheets for augmented Co^(2+)exposure and the abundant surface hydroxyl groups for local CO_(2) enrichment.This work underlines the tailoring of both metal–organic framework(MOF)morphology and functionality to boost the turnover rate of photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR).

关键词： photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction metal–organic layer nanocage single-atom catalyst co-catalyst

Sahara’s surface transformation forced an abrupt hydroclimate decline and Neolithic culture transition in northern China

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The Innovation 2024年第1期5卷 70-79页

作者： Yandong Hou Hao Long Sumiko Tsukamoto Zhengyao Lu Jie chen Daniel EIbarra Toru Tamura Qiong Zhang weiyi Sun Jingran Zhang Lei Gao Manfred Frechen Ji Shen State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of Sciences(NIGLAS)Nanjing 210008China Leibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics(LIAG) Department of Geochronology30655 HannoverGermany Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science Lund University22100 LundSweden Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China College of Atmospheric Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Institute at Brown for Environment and Society and Department of Earth Environmentaland Planetary SciencesBrown UniversityProvidenceRI 02912USA Geological Survey of Japan National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and TechnologyTsukubaIbaraki 305-8567Japan Graduate School of Frontier Sciences University of TokyoKashiwaChiba 277-8561Japan Department of Physical Geography and Bolin Centre for Climate Research Stockholm University10691 StockholmSweden School of Geography Nanjing Normal UniversityJiangsu Centre for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and ApplicationKey Laboratory of Virtual Geographic EnvironmentMinistry of Education of ChinaNanjing 210023China School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

The remote forcing from land surface changes in the Sahara is hypothesized to play a pivotal role in modulating the intensity of the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM)through ocean-atmospheric teleconnections.This modulation has far-reaching consequences,particularly in facilitating societal shifts documented in northern China.Here,we present a well-dated lake-level record from the Daihai Lake Basin in northern China,providing quantitative assessments of Holocene monsoonal precipitation and the consequent migrations of the northern boundary of the EASM.Our reconstruction,informed by a water-and-energy balance model,indicates that annual precipitation reached700 mm during 8–5 ka,followed by a rapid decline to tween 5 and 4 ka.This shift coherently aligns with a signi550 mm be-ficant300 km northwestward movement of the EASM northern boundary during the Middle Holocene(MH),in contrast to its current position.Our findings underscore that these changes cannot be entirely attributed to orbital forcing,as corroborated by simulation tests.Climate model simulations deployed in our study suggest that the presence of the Green Sahara during the MH significantly strengthened the EASM and led to a northward shift of the monsoon rainfall belt.Conversely,the Sahara’s reversion to a desert landscape in the late Holocene was accompanied by a corresponding southward retraction of monsoon influence.These dramatic hydroclimate changes during5–4 ka likely triggered or at least contributed to a shift in Neolithic cultures and societal transformation in northern China.With decreasing agricultural productivity,communities transitioned from millet farming to a mixed rainfed agriculture and animal husbandry system.Thus,our findings elucidate not only the variability of the EASM but also the profound implications of a remote forcing,such as surface transformations of the Sahara,on climatic changes and cultural evolution in northern China.

关键词： Holocene monsoon abrupt

On the evolution and formation of discharge morphology in pulsed dielectric barrier discharge

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第4期26卷 101-113页

作者：陈星宇李孟琦王威逸张权治彭涛熊紫兰 State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China School of Physics Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024People’s Republic of China Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China

The discharge morphology of pulsed dielectric barrier discharge(PDBD) plays important roles in its applications. Here, we systematically investigated the effects of the voltage amplitude,discharge gap, and O_(2)content on the PDBD morphology, and revealed the possible underlying mechanism of the U-shaped formation. First, the morphological evolution under different conditions was recorded. A unique U-shaped region appears in the middle edge region when the gap is larger than 2 mm, while the entire discharge region remains columnar under a 2 mm gap in He PDBD. The width of the discharge and the U-shaped region increase with the increase in voltage, and decrease with the increase of the gap and O_(2)content. To explain this phenomenon,a two-dimensional symmetric model was developed to simulate the spatiotemporal evolution of different species and calculate the electric thrust. The discharge morphology evolution directly corresponds to the excited-state atomic reduction process. The electric thrust on the charged particles mainly determines the reaction region and strongly influences the U-shaped formation.When the gap is less than 2 mm, the electric thrust is homogeneous throughout the entire region,resulting in a columnar shape. However, when the gap is larger than 2 mm or O_(2)is added, the electric thrust in the edge region becomes greater than that in the middle, leading to the U-shaped formation. Furthermore, in He PDBD, the charged particles generating electric thrust are mainly electrons and helium ions, while in He/O_(2)PDBD those that generate electric thrust at the outer edge of the electrode surface are mainly various oxygen-containing ions.

关键词： low-temperature plasma dielectric barrier discharge discharge morphology particle distribution electric thrust

A fluid flow model in the lacunar-canalicular system under the pressure gradient and electrical field driven loads

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2022年第6期43卷 899-916页

作者： Xiaogang WU Xiyu WANG Chaoxin LI Zhaowei WANG Yuqin SUN Yang YAN Yixian QIN Pengcui LI Yanqin WANG Xiaochun WEI weiyi chen College of Biomedical Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Repair of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Taiyuan 030001China

The lacunar-canalicular system(LCS)is acknowledged to directly participate in bone tissue remodeling.The fluid flow in the LCS is synergic driven by the pressure gradient and electric field loads due to the electro-mechanical properties of bone.In this paper,an idealized annulus Maxwell fluid flow model in bone canaliculus is established,and the analytical solutions of the fluid velocity,the fluid shear stress,and the fluid flow rate are obtained.The results of the fluid flow under pressure gradient driven(PGD),electric field driven(EFD),and pressure-electricity synergic driven(P-ESD)patterns are compared and discussed.The effects of the diameter of canaliculi and osteocyte processes are evaluated.The results show that the P-ESD pattern can combine the regulatory advantages of single PGD and EFD patterns,and the osteocyte process surface can feel a relatively uniform shear stress distribution.As the bone canalicular inner radius increases,the produced shear stress under the PGD or P-ESD pattern increases slightly but changes little under the EFD pattern.The increase in the viscosity makes the flow slow down but does not affect the fluid shear stress(FSS)on the canalicular inner wall and osteocyte process surface.The increase in the high-valent ions does not affect the flow velocity and the flow rate,but the FSS on the canalicular inner wall and osteocyte process surface increases linearly.In this study,the results show that the shear stress sensed by the osteocyte process under the P-ESD pattern can be regulated by changing the pressure gradient and the intensity of electric field,as well as the parameters of the annulus fluid and the canaliculus size,which is helpful for the osteocyte mechanical responses.The established model provides a basis for the study of the mechanisms of electro-mechanical signals stimulating bone tissue(cells)growth.

关键词： bone canaliculi osteocyte process pressure gradient electricity fluid shear stress(FSS)

Atomically Dispersed Ruthenium Catalysts with Open Hollow Structure for Lithium-Oxygen Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第2期16卷 154-164页

作者： Xin chen Yu Zhang Chang chen Huinan Li Yuran Lin Ke Yu Caiyun Nan chen chen Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Institute of Solid State ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials Institution College of ChemistryBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875People’s Republic of China

Lithium–oxygen battery with ultrahigh theoretical energy density is considered a highly competitive next-generation energy storage device,but its practical application is severely hindered by issues such as difficult decomposition of discharge products at present.Here,we have developed N-doped carbon anchored atomically dispersed Ru sites cathode catalyst with open hollow structure(h-RuNC)for Lithium–oxygen battery.On one hand,the abundance of atomically dispersed Ru sites can effectively catalyze the formation and decomposition of discharge products,thereby greatly enhancing the redox kinetics.On the other hand,the open hollow structure not only enhances the mass activity of atomically dispersed Ru sites but also improves the diffusion efficiency of catalytic molecules.Therefore,the excellent activity from atomically dispersed Ru sites and the enhanced diffusion from open hollow structure respectively improve the redox kinetics and cycling stability,ultimately achieving a high-performance lithium–oxygen battery.

关键词： Atomically dispersed Open hollow structure Discharge product Lithium Oxygen battery

Advances in the application of hydrogel-based scaffolds for tendon repair

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 296-313页

作者： Renqiang chen Fanglin chen Kenian chen Jian Xu Department of Orthopedics The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiang 310003China Department of Orthopedics The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityLiuzhou Guangxi 545005China

Tendon injuries often lead to joint dysfunction due to the limited self-regeneration capacity of tendons.Repairing tendons is a major challenge for surgeons and imposes a signif-icant financial burden on society.Therefore,there is an urgent need to develop effective stra-tegies for repairing injured tendons.Tendon tissue engineering using hydrogels has emerged as a promising approach that has attracted considerable interest.Hydrogels possess excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability,enabling them to create an extracellular matrix-like growth environment for cells.They can also serve as a carrier for cells or other substances to accelerate tendon repair.In the past decade,numerous studies have made significant prog-ress in the preparation of hydrogel scaffolds for tendon healing.This review aims to provide an overview of recent research on the materials of hydrogel-based scaffolds used for tendon tis-sue engineering and discusses the delivery systems based on them.

关键词： Application Hydrogel-based Repairscaffolds Review Tendon injury Tissue engineering