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Thermoelectrocatalysis: an emerging strategy for converting waste heat into chemical energy

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 19-21页

作者： Yuqiao Zhang Shun Li Jianming Zhang Li-Dong Zhao Yuanhua Lin weishu liu Federico Rosei Institute of Quantum and Sustainable Technology(IQST) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang University State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Centre for Energy Materials and Telecommunications Institut national de la recherche scientifique

Waste heat emissions are universally present in the environment and industrial production. Innovations aimed at efficiently utilizing low-grade thermal energy have long been desired. Among these, thermoelectric materi...

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Polaron interfacial entropy as a route to high thermoelectric performance in DAE-doped PEDOT:PSS films

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 259-270页

作者： Jiajia Zhang Caichao Ye Genwang Wei Liang Guo Yuhang Cai Zhi Li Xinzhi Wu Fangyi Sun Qikai Li Yupeng Wang Huan Li Yuchen Li Shuaihua Wang Wei Xu Xuefeng Guo Wenqing Zhang weishu liu Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Material Design Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering National Biomedical Imaging Centre Peking University Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Oxide Materials and Devices Southern University of Science and Technology

Enhancing the thermoelectric transport properties of conductive polymer materials has been a long-term challenge, in spite of the success seen with molecular doping strategies. However, the strong coupling between the thermopower and the electrical conductivity limits thermoelectric performance. Here, we use polaron interfacial occupied entropy engineering to break through this intercoupling for a PEDOT:PSS(poly（3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene）-poly（4-styrenesulfonate）) thin film by using photochromic diarylethene（DAE） dopants coupled with UV-light modulation. With a 10-fold enhancement of the thermopower from 13.5 μV K-1to 135.4 μV K-1and almost unchanged electrical conductivity, the DAE-doped PEDOT:PSS thin film achieved an extremely high power factor of 521.28 μW m-1K-2from an original value of 6.78 μW m-1K-2. The thermopower was positively correlated with the UV-light intensity but decreased with increasing temperature, indicating resonant coupling between the planar closed DAE molecule and PEDOT. Both the experiments and theoretical calculations consistently confirmed the formation of an interface state due to this resonant coupling. Interfacial entropy engineering of polarons could play a critical role in enhancing the thermoelectric performance of the organic film.

关键词： thermoelectric PEDOT: PSS interfacial occupied entropy resonant coupling UV-light modulation

A general White–Box strategy for designing thermoelectric cooling system

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InfoMat 2022年第11期4卷 132-150页

作者： Kang Zhu Biao Deng Xin Qian Yupeng Wang Huan Li Peng Jiang Ronggui Yang weishu liu Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdongChina Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Technologies Ministry of EducationSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdongChina School of Energy and Power Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina State Key Laboratory of Catalysis CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalianLiaoningChina

Thermoelectric cooling(TEC)is critically important in thermal management of laser modules or chips and potentially for personalized thermoregulation.The formulae for efficiency in standard textbooks can only describe the performance of a TEC module with ideal thermal conditions,that is,fixed terminal temperatures,but are unable to deal with a real TEC system where heat transfer at its interfaces with the heat source and sink are finite and with thermal resistances.Here,we define the TEC system-level performance indices,that is,the maximum cooling power,temperature difference,and coefficient of performance,by introducing a set of explicit formulae.The external heat transfer conditions are taken into account as dimensionless thermal resistance parameters.With these formulae,the TEC system performances are evaluated elegantly with errors well within±5%over broad operating conditions.We further optimize the cooling power and the coefficient of performance in practical scenarios and establish a general White–Box design procedure for TEC systems,which enables a transparent design process and straightforward analysis of performance bottlenecks.A set of cooling experiments are performed to validate the analytical model and to illustrate the dependence of system design on realistic thermal conditions.By choosing the suitable TEC module parameter under given external heat transfer conditions,the cooling power can be improved by more than 100%.This work sheds some light on the integral design of TEC systems for broad applications to take full advantage of the advanced thermoelectric materials in the cooling field.

关键词： system-level performance thermoelectric cooling White–Box design

Room-temperature thermoelectric materials: Challenges and a new paradigm

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Journal of Materiomics 2022年第2期8卷 427-436页

作者： Zhijia Han Jing-Wei Li Feng Jiang Jiating Xia Bo-Ping Zhang Jing-Feng Li weishu liu The Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Technologies School of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for Novel Electronic Information Materials and Devices Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong518055China

Room-temperature thermoelectric materials provide promising solutions for energy harvesting from the environment,and deliver a maintenance-free power supply for the internet-of-things(IoTs).The currently available Bi_(2)Te_(3) family discovered in the 1950s,still dominates industrial applications,however,it has serious disadvantages of brittleness and the resource shortage of tellurium(1×10^(-3) ppm in the earth's crust).The novel Mg_(3)Sb_(2) family has received increasing attention as a promising alternative for room-temperature thermoelectric materials.In this review,the development timeline and fabrication strategies of the Mg 3 Sb 2 family are depicted.Moreover,an insightful comparison between the crystal-linity and band structures of Mg_(3)Sb_(2) and Bi_(2)Te_(3) is drawn.An outlook is presented to discuss challenges and new paradigms in designing room-temperature thermoelectric materials.

关键词： Thermoelectric materials Mg_(3)Sb_(2) Bi_(2)Te_(3) Chemical bond engineering

Thermoelectric interface materials:A perspective to the challenge of thermoelectric power generation module

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Journal of Materiomics 2019年第3期5卷 321-336页

作者： weishu liu Shengqiang Bai Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for Novel Electronic Information Materials and Devices Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China The State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050China

The past years has observed a significantly boost of the thermoelectric materials in the scale of thermoelectric figure-of-merit,i.e.ZT,because of its promising application to harvest the widely distributed waste heat.However,the simplified thermoelectric materials'performance scale also shifted the focus of thermoelectric energy conversion technique from devices-related efforts to materials-level works.As a result,the thermoelectric devices-related works didn't get enough attention.The device-level challenges behind were kept unknown until recent years.However,besides the thermoelectric materials properties,the practical energy conversion efficiency and service life of thermoelectric device is highly determined by assembling process and the contact interface.In this perspective,we are trying to shine some light on the device-level challenge,and give a special focus on the thermoelectric interface materials(TEiM)between the thermoelectric elements and electrode,which is also known as the metallization layer or solder barrier layer.We will go through the technique concerns that determine the scope of the TEiM,including bonding strength,interfacial resistance and stability.Some general working principles are summarized before the discussion of some typical examples of searching proper TEiM for a given thermoelectric conversion material.

关键词： Thermoelectric power generation Thermoelectric interface materials Bonding strength Interfacial resistance Stability

Anionic entanglement-induced giant thermopower in ionic thermoelectric material Gelatin-CF_(3)SO_(3)K–CH_(3)SO_(3)K

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eScience 2023年第5期3卷 105-112页

作者： Qikai Li Cheng-Gong Han Shuaihua Wang Cai-Chao Ye Xinbo Zhang Xiao Ma Tao Feng Yuchen Li weishu liu Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong 518055China Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for Novel Electronic Information Materials and Devices Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongPokfulam Road 999077Hong KongChina Center for Advanced Analytical Science Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and DevicesGuangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials and DevicesSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Ionic thermoelectric(i-TE)technologies can power Internet of Things(IoT)sensors by harvesting thermal energy from the environment because of their large thermopowers.Present research focuses mostly on using the interactions between ions and matrices to enhance i-TE performance,but i-TE materials can benefit from utilizing different methods to control ion transport.Here,we introduced a new strategy that employs an ion entanglement effect.A giant thermopower of 28 mV K^(-1)was obtained in a quasi-solid-state i-TE Gelatin-CF_(3)SO_(3)K–CH_(3)SO_(3)K gel via entanglement between CF_(3)SO_(3)^(-)and CH_(3)SO_(3)^(-)anions.The anionic entanglement effect involves complex interactions between these two anions,slowing anionic thermodiffusion and thus suppressing bipolar effects and boosting p-type thermopower.A Au@Cu|Gelatin-CF_(3)SO_(3)K–CH_(3)SO_(3)K|Au@Cu i-TE device with a generator mode delivers a specific output energy density of 67.2 mJ m^(-2)K^(-2)during 2 h of discharging.Long-term operation.

关键词： Thermopower Thermodiffusion Ion interactions Energy harvesting Gelatin

China’s SCI-Indexed Publications: Facts, Feelings, and Future Directions

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ECNU Review of Education 2020年第3期3卷 562-569页

作者： weishu liu Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics

Purpose:In relation to the boom in China’s SCI-indexed publications,this opinion piece examines this phenomenon and looks at future possible directions for the reform of China’s research evaluation processes.Design/Approach/Methods:This opinion piece uses bibliographic data for the past decade(2010–2019)from the Science Citation Index Expanded in the Web of Science Core Collection to examine the rise in China’s SCI-indexed publications.Findings:China has surpassed the U.S.and been the largest contributor of SCI publications since 2018.However,while the impact of China’s SCI publications is rising,the scale of this impact still lags behind that of other major contributing countries.China’s SCI publications are also overrepresented in some journals.Originality/Value:Reporting the latest facts about China’s SCI-indexed publications,this article will benefit the reform of China’s research evaluation system.

关键词： China impact factor research evaluation Science Citation Index scientific research

Enhanced thermoelectric performances of flexible PEDOT:PSS film by synergistically tuning the ordering structure and oxidation state

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Journal of Materiomics 2020年第1期6卷 119-127页

作者： Qikai Li Qing Zhou Long Wen weishu liu Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for Novel Electronic Information Materials and Devices Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China

Flexible polymer thermoelectric thin film attracts wide attentions because it is compatible with the wearable electronics and e-skin.Herein,we reported an enhanced thermoelectric power factor of PEDOT:PSS from around 1 μWm^(-1) K^(-2) to 117 μWm^(-1) K^(-2) and high substrate-free strain of 20% through synergistically tuning the ordering structure and the oxidation state.An ionic liquid(EMImTCM)was used to decouple the ionic interaction between PEDOT and PSS,rearranging the morphology of structure that significantly benefit the mechanical flexibility and the electrical conductivity.The addition of Lascorbic acid was confirmed as effective dedoping additive of PEDOT polymer that changed the oxidation state and hence boosted the thermoelectric power factor without notable sacrifice of the mechanical flexibility.Moreover,the electrical conductivity of the corresponding film maintained electrically stable(ΔR/R_(0)<0.12%)under 1000 bending cycles which indicates the great bendability.Our work demonstrated the feasibility to controllably tailor the thermoelectric and mechanical performance of the PEDOT:PSS flexible polymer thermoelectric thin film.

关键词： PEDOT:PSS Ordering Oxidation level Thermoelectric Flexibility

The Electronic Transport Channel Protection and Tuning in Real Space to Boost the Thermoelectric Performance of Mg_(3+δ)Sb_(2-y)Bi_(y) near Room Temperature

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Research 2020年第1期2020卷 146-157页

作者： Zhijia Han Zhigang Gui Y.BZhu Peng Qin Bo-Ping Zhang Wenqing Zhang Li Huang weishu liu Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 10083China Department of Physics Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for Novel Electronic Information Materials and Devices Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

The optimization of thermoelectric materials involves the decoupling of the transport of electrons and phonons.In this work,an increased Mg_(1)-Mg_(2) distance,together with the carrier conduction network protection,has been shown as an effective strategy to increase the weighted mobility(U=μm∗3/2)and hence thermoelectric power factor of Mg_(3+δ)Sb_(2-y)Bi_(y) family near room temperature.Mg_(3+δ)Sb_(0.5)Bi_(1.5) has a high carrier mobility of 247 cm^(2)V^(-1) s^(-1) and a record power factor of 3470μWm^(-1) K^(-2) at room temperature.Considering both efficiency and power density,Mg_(3+δ)Sb_(1.0)Bi_(1.0) with a high average ZT of 1.13 and an average power factor of 3184μWm^(-1) K^(-2) in the temperature range of 50-250℃ would be a strong candidate to replace the conventional n-type thermoelectric material Bi_(2)Te_(2.7)Se_(0.3).The protection of the transport channel through Mg sublattice means alloying on Sb sublattice has little effect on electron while it significantly reduces phonon thermal conductivity,providing us an approach to decouple electron and phonon transport for better thermoelectric materials.

关键词： temperature alloying transport