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The Uptake and Distribution Evidence of Nano-and Microplastics in vivo after a Single High Dose of Oral Exposure

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期37卷 31-41页

作者： HONG Tao SUN wei DENG Yuan LYU Jian Da JIN cui Hong BAI Ying Long NA Jun ZHANG Rui GAO Yuan PAN Guo wei YANG Zuo Sen YAN Ling Jun Research Center for Universal Health School of Public HealthChina Medical UniversityShenyang 110122LiaoningChina Department of Pain Management Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110004LiaoningChina Department of Toxicology School of Public HealthChina Medical UniversityShenyang 110122LiaoningChina Department of Maternal and Child Health School of Public HealthChina Medical UniversityShenyang 110122LiaoningChina Institute of Preventive Medicine China Medical UniversityShenyang 110122LiaoningChina Institute of Chronic Diseases Liaoning Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionShenyang 110000LiaoningChina

Objective Tissue uptake and distribution of nano-/microplastics was studied at a single high dose by gavage in *** Fluorescent microspheres(100 nm,3μm,and 10μm)were given once at a dose of 200 mg/(kg∙body weight).The fluorescence intensity(FI)in observed organs was measured using the IVIS Spectrum at 0.5,1,2,and 4 h after *** was performed to corroborate these *** In the 100 nm group,the FI of the stomach and small intestine were highest at 0.5 h,and the FI of the large intestine,excrement,lung,kidney,liver,and skeletal muscles were highest at 4 h compared with the control group(P<0.05).In the 3μm group,the FI only increased in the lung at 2 h(P<0.05).In the 10μm group,the FI increased in the large intestine and excrement at 2 h,and in the kidney at 4 h(P<0.05).The presence of nano-/microplastics in tissues was further verified by *** peak time of nanoplastic absorption in blood was *** Nanoplastics translocated rapidly to observed organs/tissues through blood circulation;however,only small amounts of MPs could penetrate the organs.

关键词： Microplastics Nanoplastics IVIS Spectrum small-animal imaging system Tissue distribution Blood

Constructing highly safe and long-life calcium ion batteries based on hydratedvanadium oxide cathodes featuring a pillar structure

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2597-2612页

作者： Chun-Fang Wang Shi-wei Zhang Lan Huang Yuan-Min Zhu Feng Liu Jian-Chuan Wang Li-Ming Tan Chun-Yi Zhi cui-Ping Han Powder Metallurgy Research Institute Central South UniversityChangsha410083China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China Research Institute of Interdisciplinary Science and School of Materials Science and Engineering Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Faculty of Materials Science and Energy Engineering/Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China

Calcium-ion batteries(CIBs)have generated intense interest due to the growing demand for safer,cheaper,and large-scale energy storage ***,their development is still in its infancy,owing to the lack of suitable cathodes for sustaining reversiblc Ca^(2+)intercalation/***,layered H_(2)V_(3)O_(8)(HVO)with Zn^(2+)pre-insertion(ZHVO)is reported as a high-rate and highly durable cathode material for *** existence of Zn^(2+)and H_(2)O pillars could expand the interlayer spacing up to 1.8 nm,which is favorable for the diffusion of bulky Ca^(2+).The formation of Zn-O bonds facilitates electron transfer and enhances electrical ***,the ZHVO cathode achieves superior capacity performance(213.9 mAh·g^(-1)at 0.2 A·g^(-1))and long lifespan(78.3%for 1,000 cycles at 5 A·g^(-1))compared to pristine *** functional theory(DFT)calculations revealed that Zn^(2+)moved during Ca^(2+)intercalation,thereby reducing the diffusion energy barrier and facilitating Ca^(2+)***,a safe aqueous calcium ion cell was successfully assembled.

关键词： Multivalent batteries Calcium-ion batteries Layered structure Vanadium oxide Cathode materials

Pan-African metamorphism and magmatism in the Prydz Belt,East Antarctica:a geochronological perspective

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Advances in Polar Science 2024年第2期35卷 143-156页

作者： BAO Hong WANG wei-(RZ) LIU Xinshu ZHAO Yue GONG Tingnan LIU Xiaochun cui Ying TIAN Zuolin Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Paleomagnetism and Tectonic Reconstruction Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100081China China University of Geosciences(Beijing) Beijing 100081China MOE Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belt and Crustal Evolution School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China

The Prydz Belt in East Antarctica underwent extensive reworking during the late Neoprotertozoic–early Paleozoic Pan-African orogeny,which is characterized by granulite facies,clockwise P–T paths,and high dT/dP *** study compiles the existing age and composition data of zircon and monazite from metamorphic rocks and links their key characteristics to the metamorphic evolution of the Prydz *** frequency of zircon U–Pb ages starts to increase noticeably from~555 Ma,peaking between 530 Ma and 520 Ma,followed by a dramatic decline after 520 *** Th/U values(>0.1)of zircon are observed from~545 Ma,displaying a noticeable increasing trend in Th/U values before a rapid decline from~520 *** frequency of monazite ages progressively increases from~540 Ma,reaching its peak at 515 Ma,and then rapidly decreases after 490 *** with the crystallization behaviors of zircon and monazite,this study suggests that the systematic changes in Th/U values of zircon after 545 Ma indicate a transition in the thermal regime of the Prydz Belt towards the cooling *** growth of zircon and monazite corresponds to the post-peak cooling process,while the crystallization peak of monazite lags behind that of zircon by~5–15 Ma,which indicates a relatively low cooling *** the granitic intrusions accompanied the entire metamorphic evolution,the majority of them are younger than 520 *** results suggest that the Pan-African event likely peaked at~555–545 Ma and gradually cooled to near-solidus conditions at~520–510 Ma,with a relatively slow average cooling process.

关键词： East Antarctica Prydz Belt Pan-African orogeny zircon monazite U–Pb dating

Role of micro-Ca/In alloying in tailoring the microstructural characteristics and discharge performance of dilute Mg-Bi-Sn-based alloys as anodes for Mg-air batteries

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 251-266页

作者： Fei-er Shangguan wei-li Cheng Yu-hang Chen Ze-qin cui Hui Yu Hong-xia Wang Li-fei Wang Hang Li Hua Hou School of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300132China School of Materials Science and Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China

The influence of micro-Ca/In alloying on the microstructural charac teristics,electrochemical behaviors and discharge properties of extruded dilute Mg-0.5Bi-0.5Sn-based(wt.%)alloys as anodes for Mg-air batteries are *** grain size and texture intensity of the Mg-Bi-Sn-based alloys are significantly decreased after the Ca/In alloying,particularly for the In-containing *** that,in addition to nanoscale Mg_(3)Bi_(2)phase,a new microscale Mg_(2)Bi_(2)Ca phase forms in the Ca-containing *** electrochemical test results demonstrate that Ca/In micro-alloying can enhance the electrochemical *** In to alloy the Mg-Bi-Sn-based alloy is effective in restricting the cathodic hydrogen evolution(CHE)kinetics,leading to a low self-corrosion rate,while severe CHE occurred after Ca *** micro-alloying of Ca/In to Mg-Bi-Sn-based alloy strongly deteriorates the compactness of discharge products film and mitigates the"chunk effect"(CE),hence the cell voltage,anodic efficiency as well as discharge capacity are greatly *** In-containing alloy exhibits outstanding discharge performance under the combined effect of the modified microstructure and discharge products,thus making it a potential anode material for primary Mg-air battery.

关键词： Mg-air batteries Mg-Bi-Sn based alloys Electrochemical behaviors Discharge properties

面向数字包容的农民信息获取行为分析:群体聚焦与现实关切

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农业图书情报学报 2024年第1期36卷 33-45页

作者：崔凯中国社会科学院农村发展研究所北京100732 中国社会科学院农村发展研究所农业农村现代化研究中心北京100732

[目的/意义]移动互联时代手机是最主要的信息接入工具,本研究从手机使用层面来考察并揭示农户信息获取行为,透视农村地区信息鸿沟状况,并对重点群体的信息获取行为特征进行分析,提出改善信息获取行为,缩小信息鸿沟的启示。[方法/过程]... 详细信息

[目的/意义]移动互联时代手机是最主要的信息接入工具,本研究从手机使用层面来考察并揭示农户信息获取行为,透视农村地区信息鸿沟状况,并对重点群体的信息获取行为特征进行分析,提出改善信息获取行为,缩小信息鸿沟的启示。[方法/过程]根据全国层面的农村抽样调查,运用主成分分析与RIF回归分析方法,测度农户信息获取行为,识别关键影响因素对提升和改善信息获取行为的作用。[结果/结论]农户信息获取行为评价结果中偏低的“长尾”群体,存在于高龄、初中以下教育程度等群体中,凸显农村地区存在的信息鸿沟现象。关键解释变量对信息获取行为评价结果偏低(中位数以下)群体的边际作用更为突出,提高老龄、受教育程度偏低等重点群体的手机使用效果,对于缩小信息鸿沟有重要贡献,这体现出数字包容理念的必然要求。在改善网络设施条件基础上,还需关注重点群体的手机功能使用和信息内容获取,强化信息供给精准性,激活重点群体的信息需求,提升这类群体在数字环境中的适应性。

关键词：数字包容信息获取信息鸿沟信息需求数字素养

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数字时代的中国慈善:变革、挑战与应对

云南社会科学 2024年第5期 131-143页

作者：崔开云南京师范大学公共管理学院

数字时代的中国慈善正经历着一场广泛且深刻的变革。数字技术的迅速迭代及其应用场景的急速拓展推动了大众慈善的崛起,提升了社会的慈善协作能力,提供了构建网络责任慈善的技术条件,增强了慈善组织的行动能力,以及优化了人们的慈善捐赠... 详细信息

数字时代的中国慈善正经历着一场广泛且深刻的变革。数字技术的迅速迭代及其应用场景的急速拓展推动了大众慈善的崛起,提升了社会的慈善协作能力,提供了构建网络责任慈善的技术条件,增强了慈善组织的行动能力,以及优化了人们的慈善捐赠体验。但与此同时,“数字+慈善”也在数据安全、数字鸿沟,以及网络募捐等方面给中国慈善发展带来了重大挑战。为有效应对这些挑战,应在强化慈善数据安全意识的基础上提升慈善数据安全管理和保护能力,通过增强慈善组织整体数字能力弥合慈善领域数字鸿沟,通过优化网络慈善监管机制遏制网络慈善弊案蔓延。

关键词：数字时代中国慈善变革挑战

Simplified p-i-n Perovskite Solar Cells with a Multifunctional Polyfullerene Electron Transporter

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第8期42卷 1060-1066页

作者： Fei-Fei Wang Tian-Xiao Liu Ze-wei cui Ling-Yuan Wang Yun-Jie Dou Xiao-Yu Shi Si-wei Luo Xiao-Dong Hu Zhi-Jun Ren Yang-Yang Liu Yu Zhao Shang-Shang Chen State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials&TechnologySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 21003China

In prevailing p-i-n perovskite solar cells(PSCs),solution-processible fullerene molecules are widely used as electron-transporting layers(ETLs)but they typically suffer from poor uniformity and undesirable stability ***,a separate bathocuproine(BCP)layer is needed to block hole tran sfer,increasing fabrication complexity and ***,we address these limitations by develo ping a novel polymeric ETL(named PF BCP)synthesized by polymerizing C_(60)with *** innovative material achieves both efficient electron transport and hole blocking,while its excellent uniformity minimizes interface recombination and enhances ***,our blade-coated PSCs utilizing PFBCP achieve a high power conversion efficiency exceeding 22%and retain 91%of initial efficiency after 1200 h of light *** development not only paves the way for commercially viable PSCs but also opens avenues for future ETL design to realize even more efficient and stable PSCs.

关键词： Polyfullerene Perovskite solar cells Electron transporter Stability

Vacancy healing for stable perovskite solar cells via bifunctional potassium tartrate

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 64-70,I0002页

作者： Jing Dou Yue Ma Xiuxiu Niu Wentao Zhou Xueyuan wei Jie Dou Zhenhua cui Qizhen Song Tinglu Song Huanping Zhou Cheng Zhu Yang Bai Qi Chen Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Key Laboratory for Theory and Technology of Advanced Battery Materials Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of EducationBIC-ESATSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Perovskite solar cell has gained widespread attention as a promising technology for renewable ***, their commercial viability has been hampered by their long-term stability and potential Pb leakage. Herein, we demonstrate a bifunctional passivator of the potassium tartrate(PT) to address both challenges. PT minimizes the Pb leakage in perovskites and also heals cationic vacancy defects, resulting in improved device performance and stability. Benefiting from PT modification, the power conversion efficiency(PCE) is improved to 23.26% and the Pb leakage in unencapsulated films is significantly reduced to 9.79 ppm. Furthermore, the corresponding device exhibits no significant decay in PCE after tracking at the maximum power point(MPP) for 2000 h under illumination(LED source, 100 mW cm^(-2)).

关键词： Perovskite Potassium tartrate Lead leakage Long-term stability

Quantifying the contribution of activity patterns to PM_(2.5)exposure inequity between urban and rural residents by a novel method

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Building Simulation 2024年第8期17卷 1323-1333页

作者： wei Du Zhanpeng cui Jinze Wang Yuqiong Wang Yungui Li Xiaoan Li Yan Zhou Tao Jiang Kang Mao Xianbiao Lin Jianwu Shi Dengzhou Gao Yiming Qin Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control Faculty of Environmental Science&EngineeringKunming University of Science&TechnologyKunming 650500China Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Environmental Engineering Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation Mianyang Central HospitalSchool of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaMianyang 621000China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao266100China Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education School of Geographical SciencesFujian NormalUniversityFuzhou350117China School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong KongHong KongChina

PM_(2.5)pollution variations in different microenvironments would result in PM_(2.5)exposure inequity between rural and urban *** this study,the real-time PM_(2.5)exposure of urban and rural residents in China was examined based on portable PM_(2.5)sensors together with activity patterns derived from questionnaire surveys,with a focus on students and senior citizens who are sensitive to air *** results showed that PM_(2.5)exposure varied significantly among different resident groups,with higher PM_(2.5)exposure of rural residents than those of urban ***_(2.5)exposure peaks mostly occurred during(Accompanied)cooking activities owing to strong *** and resting were the main activities that affected PM_(2.5)exposures of different resident groups,accounting for 60.7%-94.5%of total daily ***,the long duration of sleeping makes it the predominant activity contributing to PM 25 exposure *** is necessary to obtain point-to-point respiratory volume(respiratory rate)data when measuring real-time PM_(2.5)exposure data and incorporate respiratory volume(respiratory rate)into the analysis of PM_(2.5)*** the first time,this study quantified the PM_(2.5)exposure inequality based on a novel method and can provide useful information for further studies on the exposure inequity.

关键词： PM_(2.5)exposure environmental inequity activity pattern urban and rural difference