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Distinct but correct: generating diversified and entity-revised medical response

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 94-113页

作者： bin LI bin SUN Shutao LI Encheng CHEN Hongru LIU Yixuan WENG Yongping bai Meiling HU College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan University School of Mathematics Sun Yat-sen University JD Technology National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of Sciences Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing Xiangya Hospital of Central South University

Medical dialogue generation(MDG) is applied for building medical dialogue systems for intelligent consultation. Such systems can communicate with patients in real time, thereby improving the efficiency of clinical diagnosis. However, predicting correct entities and correctly generating distinct responses remain a great challenge. Inspired by actual doctors’ responses to patients, we consider MDG a two-stage task: entity prediction and dialogue generation. For entity prediction, we design an ent-mac post pre-training strategy by leveraging external medical entity knowledge to enhance the pre-trained model. For dialogue generation, we propose an entity-aware fusion MDG method in which predicted entities are integrated into the dialogue generation model through different encoding fusion mechanisms, using information from different sources. Because the diverse beam search algorithm can produce responses with entities that deviate from the predicted entities, an entity-revised diverse beam search is proposed to correct the entities entailed in the generated responses and make the generated responses more distinct. The experimental results on the China Conference on Knowledge Graph and Semantic Computing 2021(A/B tests) and the International Conference on Learning Representations 2021(online test) datasets show that the proposed method outperforms several state-of-the-art methods, which demonstrates its practicability and effectiveness.

关键词： medical entity prediction ent-mac post pre-training strategy entity-aware fusion medical dialogue generation encoding fusion mechanism entity-revised diverse beam search

Clinical study on microscopic syndrome differentiation and traditional Chinese medicine treatment for liver stomach disharmony in chronic gastritis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第5期16卷 1377-1384页

作者： Chun-Yan bai wei Tian Qian Zhang Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Beijing Aerospace General HospitalBeijing 100076China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine People’s Hospital of HengshuiHengshui 053000Hebei ProvinceChina Department of Internal Medicine Hebei Academy of Chinese Medicine SciencesShijiazhuang 050000Hebei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Chronic gastritis(CG)is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by inflammation of the stomach lining.Liver-stomach disharmony(LSD)syndrome is believed to contribute to CG symptoms.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of microcosmic syndrome differentiation and Chinese herbal medicine(CHM)treatment in patients with CG and LSD syndrome.METHODS Sixty-four patients with CG and LSD syndrome were randomly divided into two groups:The treatment group received CHM based on microcosmic syndrome differentiation and the control group received conventional Western medicine.The treatment course lasted 12 wk.The primary outcome was improvement in dyspeptic symptoms,measured using the Nepean Dyspepsia Index.The secondary outcomes included the improvement rate of endoscopic findings,histopathological findings,and microcosmic syndrome scores and the incidence of adverse events.RESULTS After 12 wk of treatment,the treatment group showed significantly greater improvement in dyspeptic symptoms than the control group(93.75%vs 65.63%,P0.05).No serious adverse events were observed in either group.CONCLUSION Microcosmic syndrome differentiation and CHM treatment can effectively improve dyspeptic symptoms and endoscopic findings in patients with CG and LSD syndrome and have a good safety profile.Further studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods are required to confirm the long-term efficacy and mechanism of action of this treatment.

关键词： Chronic gastritis Liver-stomach disharmony Microcosmic syndrome differentiation Chinese herbal medicine Randomized controlled trial Microcosmic syndrome scores

How to Construct a Lower Risk FOF Based on Correlation Network? The Method of Principal Component Risk Parity Asset Allocation

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第3期37卷 1052-1079页

作者： bai wei ZHANG Junting LIU Haifei LIU Kai School of Management and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Postdoctoral Workstation of Bank of Jiangsu Co. LtdNanjing 210006China College of Finance Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China University of Prince Edward Island 550 University AveCharlottetownPE C1A4P3Canada

In order to build a low-risk Fund of Funds(FOF), from the perspective of correlation, the principal component factor is used to improve the traditional risk parity model. Principal component analysis is used to decompose the underlying assets and generate unrelated principal component factors,and then the authors can construct a principal component risk parity portfolio. The proposed empirical results based on China’s mutual fund market show that the performance of principal component risk parity portfolio(PCRPP) is better than that of equal weight portfolio(EWP) and traditional risk parity portfolio(RPP). That is to say, not only the PCRPP in this paper has much lower risk than EWP and RPP, but also slightly better than EWP and RPP in terms of average return. Moreover, the study of dividing the underlying assets shows that the PCRPP in this paper is not sensitive to the underlying assets. The PCRPP in this paper is better than EWP and RPP for both the better performing funds and the worse performing funds. In addition, the empirical results on dynamic portfolio adjustments show that it is not appropriate to adjust asset allocation too frequently when the expected rate of return is calculated using the arithmetic mean.

关键词： Fund of funds(FOF) mutual funds portfolio risk principal component analysis risk parity portfolio

Aerosol-radiation interaction and its variation in North China within 2015–2019 period under continuous PM_(2.5)improvements

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 81-94页

作者： Zhe Lv Xiaoqi Wang wei wei Huahua bai Xiaoyu Liu Guohao Li Shuiyuan Cheng Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control Beijing 100124China Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection Beijing 100037China Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control and Application Beijing 100037China

A study was conducted on aerosol-radiation interactions over six cities in this region within the 2015–2019 period.WRF-Chem simulations on 2017 showed that based on the six-city average,the aerosol load(PM_(2.5)concentrations)of 121.9,49.6,43.3,and 66.3μg/m^(3)in January,April,July,and October,mainly lowered the level of downward shortwave radiation by 38.9,24.0,59.1,and 24.4 W/m~2and reduced the boundary layer height by 79.9,40.8,87.4,and 31.0 m,via scattering and absorbing solar radiation.The sensitivity of meteorological changes to identical aerosol loads varied in the order July>January>October and April.Then,the cooling and stabilizing effects of aerosols further led to increases in PM_(2.5),by23.0,3.4,4.6,and 7.3μg/m^(3)respectively in the four months.The sensitivity of the effect of aerosols on PM_(2.5)was greatest in January rather than in July,contrary to the effect on meteorology.Moreover,a negative linear relation was observed between daily BLH reductions and aerosol loads in fall and winter,and between PM_(2.5)increases and aerosol loads in all seasons.With the PM_(2.5)pollution improvements in this region,the aerosol radiative forcing was effectively reduced.This should result in daily BLH increases of 10–24 m in fall and winter,and the estimates in Beijing agreed well with the corresponding results based on AMDAR data.Additionally,the reduction in aerosol radiation effects brought about daily PM_(2.5)decreases of 1.6-2.8μg/m^(3),accounting for 7.0%–17.7%in PM_(2.5)improvements.

关键词： Radiative forcing Aerosol PM_(2.5) Boundary layer height(BLH) North China

A comprehensive review on the potential therapeutic benefits of prospective probiotic Christensenella minuta

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Yueyao Fan Yuhang Xiao Yingying Zhang Shiqing Zhang weibin bai Jiali Chen Department of Food Science and Engineering Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection Jinan University State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment Jinan University Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Baptist University

Bacterial family Christensenellaceae performed high heritability and associated with human health status. Numerous studies observed that the abundance of Christensenellaceae could be significantly reduced in patients with intestinal diseases or metabolic disorders， inferred that it may be treated as an effective biomarker. Christensenella minuta (C. minuta) was the first member of Christensenellaceae family isolated from human fecal samples. Accumulating evidences suggested that C. minuta may demonstrate a positive bio-therapeutic effects toward unhealthy status. Hence， this review aimed to systematically summarize the characterization of Christensenellaceae under specific health or diseases， and discover its promising application. Besides， the latest studies on the pharmacological research of C. minuta also summarized. Current important literatures grasped the potential health benefits of C. minuta in managing metabolic disorders， gut ecosystem， and inflammation. Whereas， several critical knowledge gaps about the safe and clinical application remain should be addressed in future verification. C. minuta is worthy to be elevated as the next prospective probiotic star in nutraceutical or medical field and should not be overlooked.

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Surface roughness classification using light scattering matrix and deep learning

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 520-535页

作者： SUN Hao TAN wei RUAN YiXiao bai Long XU JianFeng State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology School of Mechanical Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Wuhan Digital Design and Manufacturing Innovation Center Co. LtdWuhan 430074China

High-quality optical components have been widely used in various applications;thus,extremely high beam quality is required.Moreover,surface roughness is a key indicator of the surface quality.In this study,the angular distribution of light scattering field intensity was obtained for surfaces having different roughness profiles based on the finite difference time domain(FDTD)method,and the results were compared with those obtained using the generalized Harvey-Shack(GHS)theory.It was shown that the FDTD approach can be used for an accurate simulation of the scattered field of a rough surface,and the superposition of results obtained from many surfaces that have the same roughness level was in good agreement with the result given by the analytic GHS model.A light scattering matrix(LSM)method was proposed based on the FDTD simulation results that could obtain rich surface roughness information.The classification effect of LSM was compared with that of the single-incidence scattering distribution(SISD)based on a ResNet-50 deep learning network.The classification accuracy of the model trained with the LSM dataset was obtained as 95.74%,which was 23.40%higher than that trained using the SISD dataset.Moreover,the effects of different noise types and filtering methods on the classification performance were analyzed,and the LSM was also shown to improve the robustness and generalizability of the trained surface roughness classifier.Overall,the proposed LSM method has important implications for improving the data acquisition scheme of current light scattering measurement systems,and it also has the potential to be used for detection and characterization of surface defects of optical components.

关键词： surface roughness FDTD simulation GHS theory deep learning light scattering matrix

Solvation strategies in various electrolytes for advanced zinc metal anode

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 740-757页

作者： Zhenxu Wang Lichong bai Hongguang Fan Yanpeng Wang wei Liu School of Materials Science and Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100ShandongChina

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs),known for their high safety,low cost,and environmental friendliness,have a wide range of potential applications in large-scale energy storage systems.However,the notorious dendrite growth and severe side reactions on the anode have significantly hindered their further practical development.Recent studies have shown that the solvation chemistry in the electrolyte is not only closely related to the barriers to the commercialization of AZIBs,but have also sparked a number of valuable ideas to address the challenges of AZIBs.Therefore,we systematically summarize and discuss the regulatory mechanisms of solvation chemistry in various types of electrolytes and the influence of the solvation environment on battery performance.The challenges and future directions for solvation strategies based on the electrolyte environment are proposed to improve their performance and expand their application in AZIBs.

关键词： Solvation strategy Electrolyte Aqueous zinc-ion batteries Zinc dendrite

Prevalence and serotype distribution of nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae among healthy children under 5 years of age in Hainan Province, China

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 42-52页

作者： Jian Wang Li Qiu Shuang bai wei Zhao Ao Zhang Jing Li Jun-Nan Zhang Shan-Shan Zhou Ren Qiu Zhu Huang Jv-Xia Liu Ting-bin Wang Xue Sun Jiang Wu Qun Zheng bin He Min Lv Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control BeijingChina Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases BeijingChina Hainan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention HaikouChina Haikou Center for Disease Control and Prevention HaikouHainanChina Wanning Center for Disease Control and Prevention WanningHainanChina baisha County Center for Disease Control and Prevention BaishaHainanChina Qiongzhong County Center for Disease Control and Prevention QiongzhongHainanChina

Background The thirteen-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine(PCV13)is not included in the national immu-nization program and is administered voluntarily with informed consent in China.In preparation for assessing the impact of pilot introduction in Hainan Province,we conducted a carriage study among children under 5 years of age from four locations in Hainan Province,China.Methods From March to June 2022,nasopharyngeal(NP)swabs,collected from healthy children aged younger than 59 months who lived in the 4 different locations(Haikou,Wanning,baisha and Qiongzhong)in Hainan Province,were tested for pneumococcus using conventional culture.Pneumococcal isolates were serotyped using the Quel-lung reaction.Risk factors associated with pneumococcal colonization were assessed using univariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression adjusting for age,daycare attendance and other factors.Results Pneumococcus was isolated in 710(30.4%)of the 2333 children enrolled.Of 737 pneumococci,29 serotypes were identifed;60.9%were PCV13 serotypes;the most common vaccine serotypes were 6B(20.4%),19F(13.0%),6A(11.9%)and 23F(6.1%);and the most common nonvaccine serotypes were 23A(12.9%),34(6.1%)and nontypeable(NT)pneumococci(5.6%).Children vaccinated with PCV13 had lower carriage(17.7%vs 32.5%;P=0.0001)and fewer PCV13 serotypes(41.9%vs 62.7%;P=0.0017)compared to unimmunized children.After adjustment,NP carriage Was higher among children attending daycare(aOR=2.3,95%CI:1.7-3.2),living in rural areas(aOR=1.4,95%CI:1.1-1.8),living with siblings(aOR=1.3,95%CI:1.0-1.6)and whose mothers had completed senior high/technical sec-ondary school(aOR=1.5,95%CI:1.1-2.0).In contrast,completion of 3-4 doses of PCV13 were associated with a lower carriage rate(aOR=0.6,95%CI:0.4-0.9).Conclusions We established the baseline of pneumococcal carriage,serotype distribution and PCV13 immuni-zation rates among healthy children under 5 years of age in Hainan Province,prior to the introduction of PCV13 into the national immunization program.The high proport

关键词： Pneumococcus Nasopharyngeal carriage Serotypes distribution Children Hainan Province China

Irreducible Representations of GL_(n)(C)of Minimal Gelfand-Kirillov Dimension

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第3期40卷 639-657页

作者： Zhan Qiang bai Yang Yang CHEN Dong Wen LIU bin Yong SUN School of Mathematical Sciences Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006P.R.China School of Sciences JiangnanUniversityWui214122P.R.China School of Mathematical Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058P.R.China Institute for Advanced Study in Mathematics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058P.R.China

In this article,by studying the Bernstein degrees and Goldie rank polynomials,we es-tablish a comparison between the irreducible representations of G=GL_(n)(C)possessing the minimal Gelfand-Kirillov dimension and those induced from finite-dimensional representations of the maximal parabolic subgroup of G of type(n-1,1).We give the transition matrix between the two bases for the corresponding coherent families.

关键词： Bernstein degree coherent continuation Gelfand-Kirillov dimension