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Research 2024年第2期2023卷 541-552页

作者： Zhaojie Xu Fan Mo Gucheng Yang Penghui Fan Botao Lu wei Liang Fanli Kong Luyi Jing wei Xu Juntao liu Mixia Wang Yirong Wu Xinxia Cai State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology Aerospace Information Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Epilepsy severely impairs the cognitive behavior of *** remains unclear whether epilepsy-induced cognitive impairment is associated with neuronal activities in the medial entorhinal cortex(MEC),a region known for its involvement in spatial *** explore this neural mechanism,we recorded the spikes and local field potentials from MEC neurons in lithium-pilocarpine-induced epileptic rats using self-designed microelectrode *** the open field test,we identified spatial cells exhibiting spatially selective firing properties and assessed their spatial representations in relation to the progression of ***,we analyzed theta oscillations and theta modulation in both excitatory and inhibitory ***,we used a novel object recognition test to evaluate changes in spatial cognitive ability of epileptic *** the epilepsy modeling,the spatial tuning of various types of spatial cells had suffered a rapid and pronounced damage during the latent period(1 to 5 d).Subsequently,the firing characteristics and theta oscillations were *** the chronic period(>10 d),the performance in the novel object experiment *** conclusion,our study demonstrates the detrimental effect on spatial representations and electrophysiological properties of MEC neurons in the epileptic latency,suggesting the potential use of these changes as a"functional biomarker"for predicting cognitive impairment caused by epilepsy.

关键词： epilepsy impaired involvement

Depositional process of hyperpycnal flow deposits:A case study on Lower Cretaceous Sangyuan outcrop in the Luanping Basin,Northeast china

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china Geology 2024年第3期7卷 505-516页

作者： De-zhi Yan Ru-kai Zhu Hao Shou Zhao-hui Xu wei-hong liu Si-cheng Zhu Zhi-cheng Lei Jing-ya Zhang Chang liu Yi Cai Huai-min Xu Research institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChinaBeijing 100083China National Energy Tight Oil and Gas R&D center Beijing 100083China Petrochina Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Beijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory on Radioactive Geoscience and Big Data Technology Department of Information and EngineeringEast China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China

Sedimentary process research is of great significance for understanding the distribution and characteristics of *** the detailed observation and measurement of the Sangyuan outcrop in Luanping Basin,this paper studies the depositional process of the hyperpycnal flow deposits,and divides their depositional process into three phases,namely,acceleration,erosion and *** the acceleration phase,hyperpycnal flow begins to enter the basin nearby,and then speeds up *** developed in the acceleration phase are *** addition,the original deposits become unstable and are taken away by hyperpycnal flows under the eroding *** a result,there are a lot of mixture of red mud pebbles outside the basin and gray mud pebbles within the *** the erosion phase,the reverse deposits are eroded and become thinner or even ***,no reverse grading characteristic is found in the proximal major channel that is closer to the source,but it is still preserved in the middle branch channel that is far from the *** entering the deceleration phase,normally grading deposits appear and cover previous *** final deposits in the basin are *** are reverse,and others are *** are superimposed with each other under the action of hyperpycnal *** analysis of the Sangyuan outcrop demonstrates the sedimentary process and distribution of hyperpycnites,and reasonably explain the sedimentary characteristics of *** is helpful to the prediction of oil and gas exploration targets in gravity flow deposits.

关键词： Hyperpycnal flow Sedimentary characteristics Depositional process Gravity flow deposit Hyperpycnite Red mud pebble Gray mud pebble Oil and gas exploration engineering Luanping Basin

数字时代人口监测中的多源数据应用——现状及展望

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人口与经济 2024年第5期 63-77页

作者：郭涛吴康李栋刘涛戚伟首都经济贸易大学城市经济与公共管理学院北京100070 城市群系统演化与可持续发展的决策模拟北京市重点实验室北京100070 清华大学中国新型城镇化研究院北京100084 北京大学城市与环境学院北京100871 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所北京100101

人口监测是开展人口规划、统计、预测及预警等的基础性工作,是政府科学决策的基石。我国人口监测的传统数据仍存在漏报重报、质量不高、时效不强、属性不全、融合不深等问题,难以实施有效的人口精细化管理,也限制了监测数据在人口学研... 详细信息

人口监测是开展人口规划、统计、预测及预警等的基础性工作,是政府科学决策的基石。我国人口监测的传统数据仍存在漏报重报、质量不高、时效不强、属性不全、融合不深等问题,难以实施有效的人口精细化管理,也限制了监测数据在人口学研究中的广泛应用。随着信息技术的快速发展及移动终端的进一步普及,手机信令、互联网、遥感信息等一系列可直接或间接捕捉“人口行为”的新型数据大量涌现并应用于人口监测,与人口普查、调查等传统数据采集手段互为补充,有望通过交叉协同形成更加全面、更为实用的人口监测多源大数据基础。从人口监测的传统数据、新型数据及新老数据融合三方面入手,系统梳理了数字时代用于人口监测的多源数据。首先,通过梳理传统人口监测的分类及相关应用研究,总结了传统数据的主要优势、瓶颈与不足,进而明确了融合新型数据的需求靶点和必要性。其次,从数据分类及优缺点对比、应用研究等角度对新型数据的相关文献进行梳理,重点分析现阶段应用新型数据的机会和挑战。最后,通过总结传统数据与新型数据融合应用的优势,提炼了有待进一步研究的议题,为应用多源数据实现人口动态监测,推进流动人口统计信息化、规范化和精细化,支撑政府政策制定和人口学研究建立了理论基础。

关键词：多源数据人口监测人口行为人口研究调查普查

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煤系中关键金属元素的成矿作用研究进展与展望

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矿物岩石地球化学通报 2024年第1期43卷 49-63页

作者：代世峰赵蕾王宁魏强刘晶晶中国矿业大学(北京)地球科学与测绘工程学院北京100083 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所北京100101 中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院江苏徐州221116

煤系中关键金属元素的赋存状态、分布规律、成矿机制以及有效提取和综合利用的研究是近10年来煤地质学等相关领域的研究前沿和热点问题,国内外学者在煤系中关键金属矿床的发现,关键金属元素赋存状态,成矿物质来源、迁移、富集和保存,开... 详细信息

煤系中关键金属元素的赋存状态、分布规律、成矿机制以及有效提取和综合利用的研究是近10年来煤地质学等相关领域的研究前沿和热点问题,国内外学者在煤系中关键金属矿床的发现,关键金属元素赋存状态,成矿物质来源、迁移、富集和保存,开发利用潜力评价,精细勘查技术研发,关键元素的分离提取等方面取得了重要研究进展,为煤系关键金属矿产资源的开发利用奠定了坚实的理论和技术基础,同时在揭示与煤系关键金属相关重大地球科学问题方面取得了长足进展。本文结合国内外近些年来的进展,对煤系中关键金属元素(主要是锗、镓、锂、铌、锆等)的成矿作用进行了总结和凝练,指出了存在的问题及其解决方案和思路。

关键词：煤煤系关键金属赋存状态分布规律成矿机制

Multidisciplinary and multiscale nanoscience research roadmap based on large scientific facilities

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Science china Chemistry 2024年第8期67卷 2497-2523页

作者： Yuan Zeng Shuhan Zhang Yuecong Guo Yalin Cong Xu Ding Peihua Li Yunxiang Lin Wenzhi Ren Hui Su weigang Sun liuxin Xu Guikai Zhang Shihua Chen Yu Chen weiren Cheng Shengqi Chu Yong Guan Jinru Han Jie Lin Hengjie liu Zheyi liu Pan Luo Fanchun Meng Sicong Qiao Zongyin Song Ying Wang Zhao Wu Chenyu Yang Meng Yang Shirui Yang Zi Yin Zhibin Yin Pengjun Zhang Hongyu Zhang Pingping Zheng Jia Zhou Wanlin Zhou Pengfei An He Cheng Chunhai Fan Xingjiu Huang Yong Lei Lina Li Mu Li Qinghua liu Shuming Peng Li Song Zhihu Sun Yangchao Tian Fangjun Wang Lihua Wang Liming Wang Shiqiang wei Aiguo Wu Chunlei Xiao Xueming Yang Panchao Yin Jing Zhang Mingxin Zhang Yaling Wang Chunying Chen CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety New Cornerstone Science LaboratoryNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230029China institute of Solid State Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China institutes of Physical Science and information Technology Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology Zhejiang International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and ApplicationCAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and DevicesNingbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical EngineeringZhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical MaterialsNingbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory Huizhou 516000China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and TechnologySouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China institute of Advanced Science Facilities Shenzhen 518107China State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Coal ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesTaiyuan 030001China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Acade

With the advancement of modern science and technology, large scientific facilities are increasingly oriented toward demand and application, and can be used for basic research as well as serving multiple disciplines. Developing large scientific facilities and related analytical technologies enhances understanding of large scientific facilities and popularizes their application in research across multiple disciplines. The combination of light or neutron sources from large scientific facilities and advanced analytical technologies can be achieved for materials structure information, dynamics study of chemical reactions, high dissociation of biomolecules, 3D visualization of energy materials or biological samples, etc. We first introduce the progress of domestic large scientific facilities of synchrotron radiation(SR) and free electron lasers(FELs) with different wavelengths and neutron *** further discuss the comparison between Chinese and typical foreign facilities in X-ray radiation from X-ray tubes, synchrotrons, X-ray FELs, and neutron sources based on physical parameters of light and neutron sources. In addition, we focus on the technological progress and perspectives combined with advanced X-ray radiation and neutron sources of large scientific facilities in china, especially in the nanoscience fields of energy catalysis and biological science. We hope that this roadmap will provide references on technology and methods to experimental users, as well as prospects for future development of technologies based on large research infrastructure facilities. Comprehensive studies and guidelines for basic research to practical application in various disciplines can be made with the assistance of large scientific facilities.

关键词： large scientific facilities synchrotron radiation FEL light sources neutron sources spectroscopic analysis methods X-ray imaging techniques structural information chemical dynamics

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纸质文物的热裂解气相色谱-质谱应用研究

文物保护与考古科学 2024年第1期36卷 44-53页

作者：姚娜王珊郭宏胡红东刘亚昭魏书亚中国文化遗产研究院北京100029 北京科技大学科技史与文化遗产研究院北京100083 婺源博物馆江西上饶333200 北京停云馆文化投资有限公司北京100102

对纸质文物的科学认知是保护这类珍贵文化遗产的关键。本研究将热裂解气相色谱-质谱(Py-GC/MS)技术应用到中国传统的四类典型手工纸(竹纸、麻纸、桑皮纸和构皮纸)的分析中,结果表明竹纸中苯酚类物质含量较高,桑皮纸和构皮纸中含有大分... 详细信息

对纸质文物的科学认知是保护这类珍贵文化遗产的关键。本研究将热裂解气相色谱-质谱(Py-GC/MS)技术应用到中国传统的四类典型手工纸(竹纸、麻纸、桑皮纸和构皮纸)的分析中,结果表明竹纸中苯酚类物质含量较高,桑皮纸和构皮纸中含有大分子三萜类特征物(如β-香树脂醇、α-香树脂醇和豆甾-3,5-二烯等物质),而麻纸中则无此类特征物——利用这些特征化合物可以区分竹纸、麻纸和桑皮/构皮纸。将这一成果应用到一副清代蜡笺纸对联的分析中:确定了该书法用纸为皮纸(桑皮纸或构皮纸);检测出长链脂肪酸和醇类物质,表明蜡笺纸的制作使用了蜂蜡;检测出吡咯及其衍生物,表明该书法蜡笺纸装裱时所用的胶结材料为动物胶;另外检测到了生物碱类物质,表明该蜡笺纸使用了植物染料。综合以上研究表明,Py-GC/MS方法不仅能够确定中国传统纸质文物的纤维来源,同时可以确定纸质文物上蜡、胶结物及染料等信息;结合传统的赫兹伯格(Herzberg)染色法,进一步确定了皮纸的具体种类。蜡笺纸文物材料信息的检测识别可为文物保护与修复工作提供科学依据,此研究方法为纸质文物的科学认知提供新思路。

关键词：热裂解气相色谱-质谱纸质文物蜡笺纸文物材料信息识别热裂解特征物纤维原料鉴别

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Exploiting SAR visual semantics in Tomo SAR for 3D modeling of buildings

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National Science Open 2024年第5期3卷 6-25页

作者： wei Wang Haixia Wang Liankun Yu Qiulei Dong Zhanyi Hu School of Network Engineering Zhoukou Normal UniversityZhoukou 466000China College of Electrical Engineering and Automation Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Recently a new paradigm is emerging in synthetic aperture radar(SAR)three-dimensional(3D)imaging technology where the imaging performance is enhanced by exploiting SAR visual *** by“SAR visual semantics”,we mean primarily the scene conceptual structural information extracted directly from SAR *** this paradigm,a paramount open problem lies in what and how the SAR visual semantics could be extracted and used at different levels associated with different structural *** work is a tentative attempt to tackle the above what-and-how problem,and it mainly consists of the following two *** first part is a sketchy description of how three-level(low,middle,and high)SAR visual semantics could be extracted and used in SAR Tomography(TomoSAR),including an extension of SAR visual semantics analysis(e.g.,facades and roofs)to sparse 3D points initially recovered via traditional TomoSAR *** second part is a case study on two open source TomoSAR datasets to illustrate and validate the effectiveness and efficiency of SAR visual semantics exploitation in TomoSAR for box-like 3D building *** to the space limit,only main steps of the involved methods are reported,and we hope,such neglects of technical details will not severely compromise the underlying key concepts and ideas.

关键词： SAR visual semantics TomoSAR box-like building modeling

Domain knowledge discovery from abstracts of scientific literature on Nickel-based single crystal superalloys

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2023年第6期66卷 1815-1830页

作者： liu Yue DING Lin YANG Zhengwei GE XianYuan liu DaHui liu wei YU Tao AVDEEV Maxim SHI SiQi School of Computer Engineering and Science Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Shanghai Engineering Research center of Intelligent Computing System Shanghai 200444China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel&Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy&School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Materials Genome institute Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China institute of Functional Materials Central Iron&Steel Research InstituteBeijing 100081China Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation Locked Bag 2001Kirrawee DC NSW 2232Australia School of Chemistry The University of SydneySydney 2006Australia Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou 311100China

Despite the huge accumulation of scientific literature,it is inefficient and laborious to manually search it for useful information to investigate structure-activity ***,we propose an efficient text-mining framework for the discovery of credible and valuable domain knowledge from abstracts of scientific literature focusing on Nickel-based single crystal ***,the credibility of abstracts is quantified in terms of source timeliness,publication authority and author’s academic ***,eight entity types and domain dictionaries describing Nickel-based single crystal superalloys are predefined to realize the named entity recognition from the abstracts,achieving an accuracy of 85.10%.Thirdly,by formulating 12 naming rules for the alloy brands derived from the recognized entities,we extract the target entities and refine them as domain knowledge through the credibility *** this,we also map out the academic cooperative“Author-Literature-institute”network,characterize the generations of Nickel-based single crystal superalloys,as well as obtain the fractions of the most important chemical elements in *** extracted rich and diverse knowledge of Nickel-based single crystal superalloys provides important insights toward understanding the structure-activity relationships for Nickel-based single crystal superalloys and is expected to accelerate the design and discovery of novel superalloys.

关键词： Nickel-based single crystal superalloys text mining named entity recognition credibility analysis domain knowledge

基于GF-5卫星的西藏珠勒—芒拉地区矿物蚀变信息提取及找矿前景分析

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中国地质 2024年第3期51卷 995-1007页

作者：白龙洋代晶晶王楠李宝龙刘治博李志军陈伟中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所自然资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室北京100037 中国地质科学院自然资源部深地科学与探测技术实验室北京100094 成都理工大学地球科学学院四川成都610059

【研究目的】近年来,遥感在地质调查和矿产勘查领域取得了广泛的应用,基于多光谱遥感数据的蚀变矿物填图为地质找矿工作提供了重要技术支撑,然而基于国产高光谱遥感数据在此领域的研究却为数不多。高分五号(GF-5)较小的波谱间隔提供了... 详细信息

【研究目的】近年来,遥感在地质调查和矿产勘查领域取得了广泛的应用,基于多光谱遥感数据的蚀变矿物填图为地质找矿工作提供了重要技术支撑,然而基于国产高光谱遥感数据在此领域的研究却为数不多。高分五号(GF-5)较小的波谱间隔提供了相比于多光谱更为丰富的目标地物波谱信息,为矿物的精细识别提供了良好的数据源。本文主要基于GF-5开展西藏革吉南地区的矿物蚀变信息提取,同时结合Landsat-8、ASTER多光谱数据提取结果叠加对比,综合野外调查验证,进一步深化遥感在地质矿产资源调查领域的应用。【研究方法】基于多光谱数据建立了不同类别蚀变矿物的光谱指数模型,在GF-5数据蚀变信息提取方面,摒弃了传统的光谱角匹配等方法,提出了基于决策树分类辅助混合调谐匹配滤波技术进行矿化蚀变信息的提取方法,最后综合区域构造、蚀变信息提取结果等要素,圈定成矿有利区,并开展野外调查验证。【研究结果】基于Landsat-8、ASTER两种多光谱数据对铁染、羟基类(Mg-OH、Al-OH)、碳酸盐类矿物信息进行了增强与提取;基于GF-5数据识别出了方解石、钠云母、普通白云母、多硅白云母、明矾石、高岭石、地开石、绿帘石8种蚀变矿物。【结论】结合不同数据源的提取与叠加结果,证实了本文提出的矿化蚀变信息提取方法的可行性。根据野外验证情况综合揭示了该地区发育高硫型浅成低温热液蚀变矿物组合,具有斑岩-浅成低温热液矿床的成矿潜力。本文认为高光谱与多光谱数据相结合有助于后续蚀变分带的分析与更精确的成矿预测,从而更好地服务于矿产勘查工程等领域。

关键词：矿化蚀变信息 GF-5 光谱指数决策树混合调谐匹配滤波斑岩矿床矿产勘查工程西藏