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Polarization-encoded neural networks with simplified grating patch

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Science China Technological Sciences 2025年

作者： Chengyan ZHONG Xiang WANG Lingfei LI Yuanchi CUI Lei XIAO Dawei SONG Junxiong guo wen HUANG Yufeng guo Yu LIU College of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of RF Integration and Micro-Assembly Technology College of Integrated Circuits Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre Zhejiang University Nanjing Mumusili Technology Co. LTD School of Integrated Circuits Tsinghua University Institute of Advanced Study School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Chengdu University State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices School of Integrated Circuit Science and EngineeringUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China

Optical neural networks (ONNs) offer a promising solution for high-performance, energy-efficient artificial intelligence hardware by leveraging the parallelism and speed of light. However, the large-scale implementation of ONNs remains challenging due to the bulky footprint and complex control of optical synapses. In this work, we propose and simulate a plasmonic polarized synaptic architecture that overcomes the diffraction limit and enables ultra-compact ONNs. By tuning the polarization state of incident light, the optical transmittance through each plasmonic unit can be dynamically adjusted to represent a synaptic weight. Our plasmonic structures, with features as small as 40 nm, operate well below this limit in the visible spectrum (400–750 nm). Compared with diffraction and interference-based circuit designs, our proposed method achieves a substantial reduction in synaptic density by factors of 150000-fold and 1500-fold, respectively. Furthermore, we successfully demonstrate a proof-of-concept plasmonic ONN applied to the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research—10classes (CIFAR-10) dataset using a Visual Geometry Group network with 16 layers (VGG16) model. After training for 80epochs, the network achieves an accuracy of 93%. The polarization-tunable plasmonics paves the way towards scalable ONNs for next-generation artificial intelligence (AI) accelerators and smart sensors.

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超临界循环流化床锅炉深度调峰时水冷壁流动不稳定特性计算分析

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西安交通大学学报 2025年第1期59卷 68-77,92页

作者：李维腾郭泽瑞韩磊杨冬西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室西安710049

针对深度调峰时超临界循环流化床锅炉水冷壁管道内的汽液两相流动不稳定问题,提出了一种适用于不同工况的频域法数学模型。通过对质量、能量、动量方程进行小扰动线性化后经拉普拉斯变换得到了用于描述管道内汽液流体流动稳定性的传递函... 详细信息

针对深度调峰时超临界循环流化床锅炉水冷壁管道内的汽液两相流动不稳定问题,提出了一种适用于不同工况的频域法数学模型。通过对质量、能量、动量方程进行小扰动线性化后经拉普拉斯变换得到了用于描述管道内汽液流体流动稳定性的传递函数,通过图解奈奎斯特图的方法判断管内工质流动的稳定性。然后,通过该模型计算了某350 MW超临界循环流化床锅炉水冷壁管段的不稳定边界并研究了不同参数对流动不稳定特性的影响。计算结果表明:所选回路在20%和50%锅炉最大连续蒸发量负荷发生流动不稳定时,热负荷分别为76.09 kW·m^(-2)和113.52 kW·m^(-2),水冷壁管道流动稳定且安全;入口过冷度对临界热流密度的影响呈非单值性;增大质量流速使流体的进口和出口密度差减小,有利于流动的稳定;增大入口节流系数,可以抑制入口处流量的脉动,有利于流动的稳定;在不同的工况条件下,改变管段倾斜角度会对流动稳定性产生不同的影响。

关键词：深度调峰流动不稳定性频域法超临界循环流化床锅炉

基于质谱的脂质C=C和脂肪酰基位置鉴定方法及其在食品分析中的应用研究进展

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食品科学 2025年第1期46卷 293-303页

作者：滕蒙南段晓亮张东郭伟群浙江农林大学食品与健康学院浙江杭州311302 国家粮食和物资储备局科学研究院北京102629

脂质在生命体中发挥着重要作用,结构影响功能,脂质精细结构解析至关重要。但脂质结构的多样性和相似性对脂质分析提出了巨大挑战。质谱是脂质分析的重要技术之一,在脂质C=C和脂肪酰基位置结构解析中有着较好的应用。本文介绍脂质分析的... 详细信息

脂质在生命体中发挥着重要作用,结构影响功能,脂质精细结构解析至关重要。但脂质结构的多样性和相似性对脂质分析提出了巨大挑战。质谱是脂质分析的重要技术之一,在脂质C=C和脂肪酰基位置结构解析中有着较好的应用。本文介绍脂质分析的前处理方法,综述基于质谱的C=C位置和脂肪酰基位置鉴定方法,并讨论该方法在食品分析中的应用,最后展望质谱在脂质化合物精确结构解析方面的发展趋势,以期为不饱和脂质C=C位置和脂肪酰基位置鉴定以及异构体识别和定量分析技术发展和应用提供参考。

关键词：脂质质谱 C=C位置脂肪酰基位置应用

Enhanced subacute ischemic stroke treatment via multistage drug delivery system design for combination therapy

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Xihan Xu Juan-Juan Li Jiamin Li Hui-Yan Zhang Yilin Qi Bing-Sen Shi Tianqi Li Shan-Shan Su weitao Zhao Chang Chen Zhongying Gong Huiyu Liu Ke-Rang Wang dong-Sheng guo Xue Xue State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology College of Pharmacy Nankai University College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringNankai University College of Chemistry and Materials Science State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis (Ministry of Education) Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Synthetic Chemistry Hebei University Department of Neurology Tianjin First Central Hospital School of Medicine Nankai University Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Bionanomaterials & Translational Engineering Laboratory Beijing Key Laboratory of BioprocessBeijing University of Chemical Technology

The management of acute ischemic stroke remains challenging due to its abrupt onset and the narrow treatment window,resulting in high rates of disability and *** therapy for neuroprotection and neurorepair strategies provided new hopes for subacute stroke *** we designed a multistage nanodelivery system that matches the unique microenvironment of the subacute phase of stroke,which utilizes calixarene as a building block to effectively load the neuroprotective drug *** calixarene is designed with glycosidic linkages targeting the glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1)on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and azo bonds that are responsive to hypoxic ***,the decomposed calixarene molecules themselves possess intrinsic bio-activation to modulate inflammatory responses,achieving a multistage therapeutic approach that transitions from targeting to release and finally to *** approach combines anti-inflammation and neuroprotection,providing a multi-level treatment *** system was validated in a rat model of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO),demonstrating that intravenous administration of the nanodelivery system repairs brain damage and improves motor function 24 h post-pMCAO *** work offers a precise and integrative strategy for stroke patients missing the acute therapy window to improve functional recovery and enhance the effect of comprehensive treatment.

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Ammonia-induced CuO/13X for H_(2)S removal from simulated blast furnace gas at low temperature

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Green Energy & Environment 2025年第1期10卷 139-149页

作者： Erping Cao Yuhua Zheng Hao Zhang Jianshan Wang Yuran Li Tingyu Zhu Zhan-guo Zhang Guangwen Xu Yanbin Cui State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China State Key Laboratory of Vanadium and Titanium Resources Comprehensive Utilization PanGang Group Research Institute Co.Ltd.Panzhihua Sichuan617000China Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Shenyang110142China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Blast furnace gas(BFG)is an important by-product energy for the iron and steel industry and has been widely used for heating or electricity ***,the undesirable contaminants in BFG(especially H_(2)S)generate harmful environmental *** desulfurization of BFG is urgent for integrated steel plants due to the stringent ultra-low emission *** with other desulfurization materials,zeolite-based adsorbents represent a viable option with low costs and long service *** this study,an ammonia-induced CuO modified 13X adsorbent(NH3–CuO/13X)was prepared for H_(2)S removal from simulated BFG at low *** XRD,H_(2)-TPR and TEM analysis proved that smaller CuO particles were formed and the dispersion of Cu on the surface of 13X zeolite was improved via the induction of *** on H_(2)S adsorption performance of the adsorbent was carried out using simulated BFG,and the results showed that NH3–CuO/13X-3 has better breakthrough sulfur capacity,which was more than twice the sulfur capacity of CuO/*** is proposed that the enhanced desulfurization performance of NH3–CuO/13X is attributed to an abundant pore of 13X,and combined action of 13X and *** work provided an effective way to improve the sulfur capacity of zeolite-based adsorbents via impregnation method by ammonia induction.

关键词： Blast furnace gas Desulfurization Ammonia-induced CuO 13X zeolite

Advances in Graphene‑Based Electrode for Triboelectric Nanogenerator

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 378-403页

作者： Bin Xie Yuanhui guo Yun Chen Hao Zhang Jiawei Xiao Maoxiang Hou Huilong Liu Li Ma Xin Chen Chingping Wong State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006People’s Republic of China School of Electromechanical Engineering Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

With the continuous development of wearable electronics,wireless sensor networks and other micro-electronic devices,there is an increasingly urgent need for miniature,flexible and efficient nanopower generation *** nanogenerator(TENG)technology can convert small mechanical energy into electricity,which is expected to address this *** the core component of TENG,the choice of electrode materials significantly affects its *** metal electrode materials often suffer from problems such as durability,which limits the further application of ***,as a novel electrode material,shows excellent prospects for application in TENG owing to its unique structure and excellent electrical *** review systematically summarizes the recent research progress and application prospects of TENGs based on graphene *** precision processing methods of graphene electrodes are introduced,and the applications of graphene electrode-based TENGs in various scenarios as well as the enhancement of graphene electrodes for TENG performance are *** addition,the future development of graphene electrode-based TENGs is also prospectively discussed,aiming to promote the continuous advancement of graphene electrode-based TENGs.

关键词： Triboelectric nanogenerator Precision processing Graphene electrode Self-powered sensor

Li,Na,and Cs-based metal-organic frameworks for room temperature phosphorescence applications

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Jiaqi Ma Rui Feng Yanyuan Jia Mingshi Zhang Shuo guo College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Inner Mongolia University School of Materials Science and Engineering Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center Nankai University & TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Nankai University Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California San Diego

The conventional design of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) mostly relies on using heavy metals,as the heavy atom effect can effectively increase the efficiency of intersystem crossing (ISC) to get a better phosphorescence *** the first time,we reported the highly efficient RTP of a lithium-based MOF IMU-101 with a lifetime (τ) of 299 ms and a quantum yield (QY) of 4.91%.In addition,MOFs IMU-102 and IMU-103,with sodium and cesium as metal nodes,were successfully *** phosphorescence properties of this series of alkali metal MOFs were systematically studied and *** crystallography and computational calculation show that the mechanism for achieving RTP for this material lies in the ultrashort coordination bond of Li,which enables the reduction of non-radiative ***-101,as a cheap and environmentally friendly room-temperature phosphorescent material,has been further developed into composite polymer inks and bulk *** makes them promising for applications in anti-counterfeiting and information encryption.

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The potential mechanism and clinical application value of remote ischemic conditioning in stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1613-1627页

作者： Yajun Zhu Xiaoguo Li Xingwei Lei Liuyang Tang Daochen wen Bo Zeng Xiaofeng Zhang Zichao Huang Zongduo guo The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University ChongqingChina

Some studies have confirmed the neuroprotective effect of remote ischemic conditioning against stroke. Although numerous animal researches have shown that the neuroprotective effect of remote ischemic conditioning may be related to neuroinflammation, cellular immunity, apoptosis, and autophagy, the exact underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. This review summarizes the current status of different types of remote ischemic conditioning methods in animal and clinical studies and analyzes their commonalities and differences in neuroprotective mechanisms and signaling pathways. Remote ischemic conditioning has emerged as a potential therapeutic approach for improving stroke-induced brain injury owing to its simplicity, non-invasiveness, safety, and patient tolerability. Different forms of remote ischemic conditioning exhibit distinct intervention patterns, timing, and application range. Mechanistically, remote ischemic conditioning can exert neuroprotective effects by activating the Notch1/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway, improving cerebral perfusion, suppressing neuroinflammation, inhibiting cell apoptosis, activating autophagy, and promoting neural regeneration. While remote ischemic conditioning has shown potential in improving stroke outcomes, its full clinical translation has not yet been achieved.

关键词： Akt apoptosis autophagy cerebral perfusion cerebral vascular stenosis clinical transformation hemorrhagic stroke ischemic stroke neuroinflammation neuroprotection Notch1 PI3K remote ischemic conditioning stroke

Decreased levels of phosphorylated synuclein in plasma are correlated with poststroke cognitive impairment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2598-2610页

作者： Yi Wang Yuning Li Yakun Gu wei Ma Yuying Guan Mengyuan guo Qianqian Shao Xunming Ji Jia Liu Department of Clinical Laboratory Beijing Bo’ai HospitalChina Rehabilitation Research CenterCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders Laboratory of Brain DisordersMinistry of Science and TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Brain DisordersBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Neurosurgery Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Poststro ke cognitive impairment is a major secondary effect of ischemic stroke in many patients;however,few options are available for the early diagnosis and treatment of this *** aims of this study were to(1)determine the specific relationship between hypoxic andα-synuclein during the occur of poststroke cognitive impairment and(2)assess whether the serum phosphorylatedα-synuclein level can be used as a biomarker for poststro ke cognitive *** found that the phosphorylatedα-synuclein level was significantly increased and showed pathological aggregation around the cerebral infa rct area in a mouse model of ischemic *** addition,neuronalα-synuclein phosphorylation and aggregation were observed in the brain tissue of mice subjected to chronic hypoxia,suggesting that hypoxia is the underlying cause ofα-synuclein-mediated pathology in the brains of mice with ischemic *** phosphorylatedα-synuclein levels in patients with ischemic stroke were significantly lower than those in healt hy subjects,and were positively correlated with cognition levels in patients with ischemic ***,a decrease in serum high-density lipoprotein levels in stroke patie nts was significantly correlated with a decrease in phosphorylatedα-synuclein *** ischemic stroke mice did not show significant cognitive impairment or disrupted lipid metabolism 14 days after injury,some of them exhibited decreased cognitive function and reduced phosphorylatedα-synuclein *** together,our results suggest that serum phosphorylatedα-synuclein is a potential biomarker for poststroke cognitive impairment.

关键词： biomarker high-density lipoprotein ischemic stroke phosphorylatedα-synuclein poststroke cognitive impairment