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Fault Tolerant Optical Mark Recognition

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 3829-3847页

作者： Qamar Hafeez waqar aslam M.Ikramullah Lali Shafiq Ahmad Mejdal Alqahtani Muhammad Shafiq Department of Computer Science&IT The Islamia University of Bahawalpur63100Pakistan Department of Information Sciences The University of EducationLahore54770Pakistan Industrial Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 800Riyadh11421Saudi Arabia Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Korea

OpticalMark Recognition(OMR)systems have been studied since *** is widely accepted as a data entry *** technology is used for surveys and multiple-choice *** to its ease of use,OMR technology has grown in popularity over the past two decades and is widely used in universities and colleges to automatically grade and grade student responses to *** accuracy of OMR systems is very important due to the environment inwhich they are *** relies on pixel projection or Hough transform to determine the exact answer in the *** techniques rely on majority voting to approximate a predetermined *** performance of these systems depends on precise input from dedicated *** and scanning OMR tables introduces artifacts that make table processing *** observation is a fundamental limitation of traditional pixel projection and Hough transform *** on the type of artifact introduced,accuracy is affected *** classified the types of errors and their frequency according to the artifacts in the OMR *** a major contribution,we propose an improved algorithm that fixes errors due to *** proposal is based on the Hough transform for improving the accuracy of bias correction mechanisms in OMR *** a minor contribution,our proposal also improves the accuracy of detecting markers in OMR *** results show an improvement in accuracy over existing algorithms in each of the identified *** improvement increases confidence in OMR document processing and increases efficiency when using automated OMR document processing.

关键词： Optical mark recognition fault recognition marking system

Chaos-Based Cryptographic Mechanism for Smart Healthcare IoT Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第4期71卷 753-769页

作者： Muhammad Samiullah waqar aslam Arif Mehmood Muhammad Saeed Ahmad Shafiq Ahmad Adel M.Al-Shayea Muhammad Shafiq Department of Computer Science&IT The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan Department of Computer Science&IT Government Sadiq College Women UniversityBahawalpurPakistan Industrial Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 800Riyadh11421Saudi Arabia Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Korea

Smart and interconnected devices can generate meaningful patient data and exchange it automatically without any human intervention in order to realize the Internet of Things(IoT)in healthcare(HIoT).Due to more and more online security and data hijacking attacks,the confidentiality,integrity and availability of data are considered serious issues in HIoT *** this regard,lightweight block ciphers(LBCs)are promising in resourceconstrained environment where security is the primary *** prevalent challenge while designing an LBC for the HIoT environment is how to ascertain platform performance,cost,and *** of the existing LBCs primarily focus on text data or grayscale *** main focus of this paper is about securing color images in a cost-effective *** emphasis high confidentiality of color images captured by cameras in resource-constrained smartphones,and high confidentiality of sensitive images transmitted by low-power sensors in IoT *** order to reduce computational complexity and simulation time,the proposed Lightweight Symmetric Block Cipher(LSBC)exploits chaos-based confusion-diffusion operations at the inter-block level using a single *** strength of LSBC is assessed by cryptanalysis,while it is ranked by comparing it to other privacy-preserving *** results show that the proposed cipher produces promising results in terms of key sensitivity and differential attacks,which proves that our LSBC is a good candidate for image security in HIoT.

关键词： IoT healthcare lightweight block cipher symmetric block cipher

Dynamics of holographic images of scalar-tensor-vector gravity-AdS black holes

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第9期48卷 274-290页

作者： Xin-Yun Hu M.Israr aslam Rabia Saleem Xiao-Xiong Zeng College of Economic and Management Chongqing Jiaotong UniversityChongqing 400074China Department of Mathematics COMSATS University IslamabadLahore-CampusLahore 54000 Pakistan State Key Laboratory of Mountain Bridge and Tunnel Engineering Chongqing Jiaotong UniversityChongqing 400074China Department of Mechanics Chongqing Jiaotong UniversityChongqing 400074China

Using AdS/CFT correspondence,we analyze the holographic Einstein images via the response function of the complex scalar field as a probe wave on an AdS Schwarzschild scalar-tensor-vector gravity(STVG)black hole(BH).We find that the amplitude of the response function||decreases with increasing values of coupling parameter a and increases with decreasing temperature *** frequencyωof the wave source also plays a significant role in wave periods;as we increase the values ofω,the periods of waves decrease,indicating that the total response function closely depends on the wave ***,we investigate the optical appearance of the holographic images of the BH in *** found that the holographic ring always appears with surrounding concentric stripes when the observer is located at the north pole,and an extremely bright ring appears when the observer is at the position of the photon sphere of the *** ring changes into a luminosity-deformed ring or a bright light spot as the observational angle *** corresponding brightness profiles show that the luminosity of the ring decreases and the shadow radius increases with increasing values of *** relation between temperature T and the inverse of the horizonh_e is discussed;T is small at the beginning of the horizon he and then increases as the horizon radius *** effect can be used to distinguish the STVG BH solution from other BH ***,these significant features are also reflected in the Einstein ring and corresponding brightness *** addition,we compare the results obtained by wave optics and geometric optics,which align well,implying that the holographic scheme adopted in this study is valid.

关键词： scalar-tensor-vector gravity shadows AdS/CFT correspondence

Analysis of b→cτν¯_(τ)anomalies using weak effective Hamiltonian with complex couplings and their impact on various physical observables

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第8期48卷 56-75页

作者： Muhammad Arslan Tahira Yasmeen Saba Shafaq Ishtiaq Ahmed Muhammad Jamil aslam Department of Physics Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad 45320Pakistan Department of Physics International Islamic UniversityIslamabad 44000Pakistan National Center for Physics Islamabad 44000Pakistan

Recently,the experimental measurements of the branching ratios and different polarization asymmetries for processes occurring through flavor-changing-charged current(b→cτν¯_(τ))transitions by BABAR,Belle,and LHCb have revealed some significant differences from the corresponding Standard Model(SM)*** has triggered an interest to search for physics beyond the SM in the context of various new physics(NP)models and using the model-independent weak effective Hamiltonian(WEH).Assuming left-handed neutrinos,we add the dimension-six vector,(pseudo-)scalar,and tensor operators with complex Wilson coefficients(WCs)to the SM *** 60%,30%,and 10%constraints resulting from the branching ratio of B_(c)→τν¯_(τ),we reassess the parametric space of these new physics WCs accommodating the current anomalies based on the most recent HFLAV data of R_(τ/μ,e)(D)and R_(τ/μ,e)(D^(*))and Belle data of F_(L)(D^(*))and P_(τ)(D^(*)).We find that the allowed parametric region of left-handed scalar couplings strongly depends on the constraints of the B_(c)→τν¯_(τ)branching ratio,and the maximum pull from the SM predictions results from the<60%branching ratio ***,the parametric region changes significantly if we extend the analysis by adding LHCb data of R_(τ/μ)(J/ψ)and R_(τ/ℓ)(Λ_(c)).Furthermore,due to the large uncertainties in the measurements of R_(τ/μ)(J/ψ)and R_(τ/ℓ)(X_(c)),we derive the sum rules which complement them with R_(τ/μ,e)(D)and R_(τ/μ,e)(D^(*)).Using the best-fit points of the new complex WCs along with the latest measurements of R_(τ/μ,e)(D(^(*))),we predict the numerical values of the observable R_(τ/ℓ)(Λ_(c)),R_(τ/μ)(J/ψ),and R_(τ/ℓ)(X_(c))from the sum *** simultaneous dependence of abovementioned physical observables on the NP WCs is established by plotting their correlation with R_(D) and R_(D^(*)),which are useful to discriminate between various NP *** find that the most significant impact of NP results from the WC C^(S)_(L)=4C^(T).Fi

关键词： B meson anomalies new physics complex coupling HFLAV

Carbon Dioxide （CO2） Hydrogenation with Cerium Oxide-Based Composite

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Carbon Dioxide （CO2） Hydrogenation with Cerium Oxide-Based...

作者： Muhammad Usman aslam（乌斯曼）中国石油大学(北京)

学位级别：硕士

Cerium oxide（CeO）based catalyst have emerged as promising materials for the catalytic hydrogenation of carbon dioxide（CO）,a vital process in the quest to mitigate climate change and produce valuable chemicals and *** provides a critical development in CeO-based catalysts for *** unique specification of CeO,such as high oxygen storage capacity,redox properties,and surface oxygen vacancies,make it an excellent candidate for *** interplay between CeOand COpromotes the activation of CO,facilitating its conversion to valuable ***,the synergistic effects of metal nanoparticles,typically supported on CeO,further enhance catalytic *** crucial factors influencing CeO-based catalyst activity include metal loading,type,support morphology,and reaction *** highlights the various reaction pathways,such as the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide（CO）to methane（CH）and Ethane（CH）,elucidating the role of CeOin promoting specific product ***,the abstract touches upon the challenges and prospects of CeO-based catalysts for COhydrogenation,including catalyst stability,poisoning,and potential applications in renewable energy and chemical *** techniques,such as advanced characterization methods and catalyst design,are essential to address these challenges and unlock the full potential of CeO-based *** conclusion,CeO-based catalysts have shown great promise in COhydrogenation,with their exceptional properties and tenability offering a path towards sustainable carbon *** R&D in this area is essential to harness the full potential of CeO-based catalysts and contribute to a greener and more sustainable future.

关键词： Carbon dioxide Cerium oxide hydrogenation Thermal catalysis Photo catalysis Conversion Selectivity Yield

Robust zero-watermarking algorithm based on discrete wavelet transform and daisy descriptors for encrypted medical image

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第1期9卷 40-53页

作者： Yiyi Yuan Jingbing Li Jing Liu Uzair aslam Bhatti Zilong Liu Yen-wei Chen School of Information and Communication Engineering Hainan UniversityHaikouChina Research Center for Healthcare Data Science Zhejiang LabHangzhouChina Graduate School of Information Science and Engineering Ritsumeikan University ShigaJapan

In the intricate network environment,the secure transmission of medical images faces challenges such as information leakage and malicious tampering,significantly impacting the accuracy of disease diagnoses by medical *** address this problem,the authors propose a robust feature watermarking algorithm for encrypted medical images based on multi-stage discrete wavelet transform(DWT),Daisy descriptor,and discrete cosine transform(DCT).The algorithm initially encrypts the original medical image through DWT-DCT and Logistic ***,a 3-stage DWT transformation is applied to the encrypted medical image,with the centre point of the LL3 sub-band within its low-frequency component serving as the sampling *** Daisy descriptor matrix for this point is then ***,a DCT transformation is performed on the Daisy descriptor matrix,and the low-frequency portion is processed using the perceptual hashing algorithm to generate a 32-bit binary feature vector for the medical *** scheme utilises cryptographic knowledge and zero-watermarking technique to embed watermarks without modifying medical images and can extract the watermark from test images without the original image,which meets the basic re-quirements of medical image *** embedding and extraction of water-marks are accomplished in a mere 0.160 and 0.411s,respectively,with minimal computational *** results demonstrate the robustness of the algorithm against both conventional attacks and geometric attacks,with a notable performance in resisting rotation attacks.

关键词： daisy descriptor DCT DWT encryption domain medical image zero-watermarking

基于K个最近邻点的遗传程序的数字调制样式自动分类

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通信对抗 2011年第1期30卷 58-64页

作者： Muhammad waqar aslam Asoke K.Nandi 骆振兴曹国英 Department of Electrical Engineering & Electronics The University of Liverpool Brownlow Hill LiverpoolL693GJU.K.

在许多不同的民用和军用领域，调制样式自动分类都是一个非常有趣的问题。本文提出了一种基于K个最近邻点（K—Nearest Neighbor，KNN）的遗传程序（Genetic Programming，GP）算法。该算法采用了基于K个最近邻点的遗传程序，用来识别B... 详细信息

在许多不同的民用和军用领域，调制样式自动分类都是一个非常有趣的问题。本文提出了一种基于K个最近邻点（K—Nearest Neighbor，KNN）的遗传程序（Genetic Programming，GP）算法。该算法采用了基于K个最近邻点的遗传程序，用来识别BPSK、QPSK、16QAM和64QAM调制信号。该算法用高阶累积量作为输入特征，并使用一种分两个阶段的分类方法来改善分类精度。计算机仿真将所提出算法与已有的算法进行了比较，从而证明了该算法的优异性能。

关键词：数字调制自动分类遗传程序 K个最近邻点高阶累积量软件无线电检测与估计

Analysis of b→cτ■ anomalies using weak effective Hamiltonian with complex couplings and their impact on various physical observables

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第8期 59-78页

作者： Muhammad Arslan Tahira Yasmeen Saba Shafaq Ishtiaq Ahmed Muhammad Jamil aslam Department of Physics Quaid-i-Azam University Department of Physics International Islamic University National Center for Physics

Recently,the experimental measurements of the branching ratios and different polarization asymmetries for processes occurring through flavor-changing-charged current（b→cτvτ）transitions by BABAR,Belle,and LHCb have revealed some significant differences from the corresponding Standard Model（SM） *** has triggered an interest to search for physics beyond the SM in the context of various new physics（NP） models and using the model-independent weak effective Hamiltonian（WEH）.Assuming left-handed neutrinos,we add the dimension-six vector,（pseudo-）scalar,and tensor operators with complex Wilson coefficients（WCs） to the SM *** 60%,3 0%,and 10% constraints resulting from the branching ratio of Bc→τvτ,we reassess the parametric space of these new physics WCs accommodating the current anomalies based on the most recent HFLAV data of Rτ/μ,e（D） and Rτ/μ,e（D*） and Belle data of FL（D*） and Pτ（D*）.We find that the allowed parametric region of lefthanded scalar couplings strongly depends on the constraints of the Bc→τvτbranching ratio,and the maximum pull from the SM predictions results from the <60% branching ratio ***,the parametric region changes significantly if we extend the analysis by adding LHCb data of Rτ/μ（J/ψ） and Rτ/l（Λc）.Furthermore,due to the large uncertainties in the measurements of Rτ/μ（J/ψ） and Rτ/l（Xc）,we derive the sum rules which complement them with Rτ/μ,e（D） and Rτ/μ,e（D*）.Using the best-fit points of the new complex WCs along with the latest measurements of Rτ/μ,e(D（*）),we predict the numerical values of the observable Rτ/l（Λc）,Rτ/μ（J/ψ）,and Rτ/l（Xc） from the sum *** simultaneous dependence of abovementioned physical observables on the NP WCs is established by plotting their correlation with RDand RD*,which are useful to discriminate between various NP *** find that the most significant impact of NP results from the WC CLS=***,we study the impact of these NP couplings on various angular and CP triple product asym

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Assessment of post-myocardial infarction lipid levels and management:Results from a tertiary care hospital of Pakistan

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第5期16卷 282-292页

作者： Rubina Rauf Muhammad Ismail Soomro Muhamman Nauman Khan Mukesh Kumar Najia aslam Soomro Khawar Abbas Kazmi Department of Preventive Cardiology National Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesKarachi 75510Pakistan Department of Adult Cardiology National Institute of Cardiovascular DiseasesKarachi 75510Pakistan Department of Cardiology Liaquat National HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan

BACKGROUND Lipid treatment practices and levels in post-acute myocardial infarction(AMI)patients,which are crucial for secondary *** To evaluate the lipid treatment practices and lipid levels in post-myocardial infarction(MI)patients at a tertiary care hospital in *** In this cross-sectional study,we analyzed patients who had experienced their first AMI event in the past 3 *** assessed fasting and non-fasting lipid profiles,reviewed statin therapy prescriptions,and examined patient *** recommended dose was defined as rosuvastatin≥20 mg or atorvastatin≥40 mg,with target total cholesterol levels set at<160 mg/dL and target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)at<55 mg/*** Among 195 patients,71.3%were male,and the mean age was 57.1±10.2 *** median duration since AMI was 36(interquartile range:10-48)months and 60% were diagnosed with ST-segment elevation *** 13.8% of patients were advised to undergo lipid profile testing after AMI,88.7% of patients were on the recommended statin therapy,and 91.8% of patients were compliant with statin *** 11.5% had LDL-C within the target range and 71.7% had total cholesterol within the target *** admission in the past 12 months was reported by 14.4%,and the readmission rate was significantly higher among non-compliant patients(37.5%vs 5.6%).Subsequent AMI event rate was also significantly higher among non-compliant patients(43.8%vs 11.7%).CONCLUSION Our study highlights that while most post-AMI patients received the recommended minimum statin therapy dose,the inadequate practice of lipid assessment may compromise therapy optimization and raise the risk of subsequent events.

关键词： Lipid profile Dyslipidemia Acute myocardial infarction Secondary prevention Lipid lowering therapy