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Encroachment drives facilitation at alpine shrublines

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 62-72页

作者： yafeng wang Eryuan Liang J.Julio Camarero College of Ecology and Environment Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología(IPE-CSIC) Zaragoza50080Spain

Ongoing encroachment is driving recent alpine shrubline dynamics globally,but the role of shrub-shrub interactions in shaping shrublines and their relationships with stem density changes remain poorly understood.Here,the size and age of shrubs from 26 Salix shrubline populations along a 900-km latitudinal gradient(30°-38°N)were measured and mapped across the eastern Tibetan Plateau.Point pattern analyses were used to quantify the spatial distribution patterns of juveniles and adults,and to assess spatial associations between them.Mean intensity of univariate and bivariate spatial patterns was related to biotic and abiotic variables.Bivariate mark correlation functions with a quantitative mark(shrub height,basal stem diameter,crown width)were also employed to investigate the spatial relationships between shrub traits of juveniles and adults.Structural equation models were used to explore the relationships among conspecific interactions,patterns,shrub traits and recruitment dynamics under climate change.Most shrublines showed clustered patterns,suggesting the existence of conspecific facilitation.Clustered patterns of juveniles and conspecific interactions(potentially facilitation)tended to intensify with increasing soil moisture stress.Summer warming before 2010 triggered positive effects on population interactions and spatial patterns via increased shrub recruitment.However,summer warming after2010 triggered negative effects on interactions through reduced shrub recruitment.Therefore,shrub recruitment shifts under rapid climate change could impact spatial patterns,alter conspecific interactions and modify the direction and degree of shrublines responses to climate.These changes would have profound implications for the stability of alpine woody ecosystems.

关键词： Alpine shrubline Positive interactions Facilitation Spatial clustering Point pattern analyses

A healable, mechanically robust and ultrastretchable ionic conductive elastomer for durably wearable sensor

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3369-3378页

作者： Guoxian Zhang Chunmei Li JiaoJun Tan Mingqi wang yafeng Ren Feijie Ge Qiuyu Zhang Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering EducationShaanxi University of Science&TechnologyXi’an 710021China

The ionic conductive elastomers show great promise in multifunctional wearable electronics,but they currently suffer from liquid leakage/evaporation or mechanical compliance.Developing ionic conductive elastomers integrating non-volatility,mechanical robustness,superior ionic conductivity,and ultra-stretchability remains urgent and challenging.Here,we developed a healable,robust,and conductive elastomer via impregnating free ionic liquids(ILs)into the ILs-multigrafted poly(urethane-urea)(PUU)elastomer networks.A crucial strategy in the molecular design is that imidazolium cations are largely introduced by double-modification of PUU and centipede-like structures are obtained,which can lock the impregnated ILs through strong ionic interactions.In this system,the PUU matrix contributes outstanding mechanical properties,while the hydrogen bonds and ionic interactions endow the elastomer with self-healing ability,conductivity,as well as non-volatility and transparency.The fabricated ionic conductive elastomers show good conductivity(3.8×10^(-6) S·cm^(-1)),high mechanical properties,including tensile stress(4.64 MPa),elongation(1470%),and excellent healing ability(repairing efficiency of 90%after healing at room temperature for 12 h).Significantly,the conductive elastomers have excellent antifatigue properties,and demonstrate a highly reproducible response after 1000 uninterrupted extension-release cycles.This work provides a promising strategy to prepare ionic conductive elastomers with excellent mechanical properties and stable sensing capacity,and further promote the development of mechanically adaptable intelligent sensors.

关键词： ionic conductive elastomers poly(urethane-urea)(PUU) ionic interactions centipede-like self-healing

Post-disaster spatial reconstruction from the perspective of a rural settlement niche in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第5期21卷 1630-1646页

作者： LIU Yanguo wang Li ZOU Qiang LI Jingji LU yafeng LI Lin XU Binni wang Lihui Tianfu Institute of Research and Innovation Southwest University of Science and TechnologyChengdu 610299China Mianyang Science and Technology City Division the National Remote Sensing Center of ChinaSouthwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610299China State Key Laboratory of Geo-hazard Prevention and Geo-environment Protection(Chengdu University of Technology) Chengdu 610059China Tianfu New Area Park City Construction Bureau Chengdu Municipal Bureau of Planning and Nature ResourcesChengdu 610218China

Post-disaster recovery and reconstruction provide an effective way to reduce the disaster vulnerability of, and promote leapfrog development in, an affected area. To date, studies that have used administrative boundaries to investigate the reconstruction of settlement space have not been able to clearly define the real boundaries of land use changes or quantify the degree of response to the ‘Build-Back-Better’ initiative, and have lacked any consideration of the fourth reconstruction stage–development period(10 years). This study constructed a mountain settlement niche and analyzed the characteristics, spatial reconstruction, and drivers of rural settlements during 2009–2019 in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River, southwest China. The results showed the following:(1) Natural factors were the basis for the formation and development of mountain settlement niches. The scale of the settlement niche and its land use structure depended on the physical geography features and the ethnic farming and grazing traditions. The settlement niche provided a realistic boundary for the spatial reconstruction.(2) The layout of residential land around cropland was the common feature of the mountain settlement niche. Of all the land use types, the roads and rural residential lands showed the most change over the 10 years;13,860 residential patches increased in size and 4,742 patches were abandoned.(3) The area of orchards, planted to reconstruct the economy in the mountains, increased by nearly 2.5 times.(4) Collapses, landslides, and debris flow disasters and the ecological red line influenced the spatial reconstruction. While the main focus of post-disaster recovery is spatial reconstruction, initiatives should include economic and spiritual recovery, and should also achieve sustainable development of the region.

关键词： Rural settlements Spatial reconstruction Settlement niche Post-Wenchuan Earthquake Reconstruction Southwest China

Role of tannin pretreatment in flotation separation of magnesite and dolomite

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第3期31卷 452-461页

作者： Xiufeng Gong Jin Yao Jun Guo Bin Yang Haoran Sun Wanzhong Yin Yulian wang yafeng Fu School of Resources and Civil Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Utilization of the Ministry of Education Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China School of Chemical Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shenyang Ligong UniversityShenyang 110159China Ansteel Beijing Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 102200China

Flotation separation of magnesite and its calcium-containing carbonate minerals is a difficult problem.Recently,new regulat-ors have been proposed for magnesite flotation decalcification,although traditional regulators such as tannin,water glass,sodium carbon-ate,and sodium hexametaphosphate are more widely used in industry.However,they are rarely used as the main regulators in research because they perform poorly in magnesite and dolomite single-mineral flotation tests.Inspired by the limonite presedimentation method and the addition of a regulator to magnesite slurry mixing,we used a tannin pretreatment method for separating magnesite and dolomite.Microflotation experiments confirmed that the tannin pretreatment method selectively and largely reduces the flotation recovery rate of dolomite without affecting the flotation recovery rate of magnesite.Moreover,the contact angles of the tannin-pretreated magnesite and dolomite increased and decreased,respectively,in the presence of NaOl.Zeta potential and Fourier transform infrared analyses showed that the tannin pretreatment method efficiently hinders NaOl adsorption on the dolomite surface but does not affect NaOl adsorption on the magnesite surface.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations confirmed that tannin interacts more strongly with dolomite than with magnesite.

关键词： tannin pretreatment selective inhibition flotation separation magnesite dolomite

Stem Cell-Based Hair Cell Regeneration and Therapy in the Inner Ear

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第1期40卷 113-126页

作者： Jieyu Qi Wenjuan Huang Yicheng Lu Xuehan Yang Yinyi Zhou Tian Chen Xiaohan wang yafeng Yu Jia-Qiang Sun Renjie Chai State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryZhongda HospitalSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyAdvanced Institute for Life and HealthJiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical ResearchSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China Hospital of Southeast University Nanjing 210096China First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou 215006China Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery The First Affliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230001China Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Sichuan Provincial People's HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610072China Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong UniversityNantong 226001China Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100101China

Hearing loss has become increasingly prevalent and causes considerable disability,thus gravely burdening the global economy.Irreversible loss of hair cells is a main cause of sensorineural hearing loss,and currently,the only relatively effective clinical treatments are limited to digital hearing equipment like cochlear implants and hearing aids,but these are of limited benefit in patients.It is therefore urgent to understand the mechanisms of damage repair in order to develop new neuroprotective strategies.At present,how to promote the regeneration of functional hair cells is a key scientific question in the field of hearing research.Multi-ple signaling pathways and transcriptional factors trigger the activation of hair cell progenitors and ensure the maturation of newborn hair cells,and in this article,we first review the principal mechanisms underlying hair cell reproduction.We then further discuss therapeutic strategies involving the co-regulation of multiple signaling pathways in order to induce effective functional hair cell regeneration after degeneration,and we summarize current achievements in hair cell regeneration.Lastly,we discuss potential future approaches,such as small molecule drugs and gene therapy,which might be applied for regenerating functional hair cells in the clinic.

关键词： Hearing loss Cochlea-Stem cell Hair cell regeneration

The Effect of Ionic Strength on the Electrochemiluminescence Generation by Tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II)/Tri-n-propylamine

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2022年第3期38卷 816-822页

作者： HU Shifan wang yafeng SU Bin Institute of Analytical Chemistry Department of ChemistryKey Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058P.R.China

Electrochemiluminescence(ECL)is a powerful transduction technique used in biosensing and in vitro diagnosis,while the mechanism of ECL generation is complicated and affected by various factors.Herein the effect of ionic strength on ECL generation by the classical tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II)[Ru(bpy)_(3)^(2+)]/tri-n-propylamine(TPrA)system was investigated.It is clear that the ECL intensity decreases significantly with the increase of ionic strength,most likely arising from the reduced deprotonation rate of TPrA^(+)·.We further combined microtube electrode(MTE)with ECL microscopy to unravel the evolution of ECL layer with the variation of ionic strength.At a low concentration of Ru(bpy)_(3)^(2+),the thickness of ECL layer(TEL)nearly kept unchanged with the ionic strength,indicating the surface-confined ECL generation is dominated by the oxidative-reduction route.While at a high concentration of Ru(bpy)_(3)^(2+),ECL generation is dominated by the catalytic route and TEL increases remarkably with the increase of ionic strength,because of the extended diffusion length of Ru(bpy)_(3)^(3+) at a reduced concentration of TPrA·.

关键词： Electrochemiluminescence(ECL) ECL layer thickness ECL microscopy Ionic strength Reaction mechanism

Socio-scientific quantification of the comprehensive benefits of debris flow mitigation measures for villages in western Sichuan, China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第5期21卷 1598-1612页

作者： DENG Ting XU Pei LI Ming LU yafeng wang Yukuan LI Zhengyang SHRAVAN Kumar Ghimire Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610299China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Debris flow hazards seriously threaten thesafety and sustainable development of mountainousareas. Numerous debris flow mitigation measures havebeen implemented worldwide;however, acomprehensive assessment of the specific disasterreduction effects of these measures and their economic,social and ecological benefits is yet to be performed.The western region of Sichuan Province frequentlysuffers from geohazards such as debris flow, and thegovernment has adopted many mitigation measures.This study assessed the benefits of debris flowmitigation measures and identified the key influencingfactors via a field-based study conducted in 81 villagesin western Sichuan province, China. A framework forthe evaluation of the benefits of rural debris flowmitigation measures was constructed andquantitatively evaluated using a survey. Snowballsampling was performed to recruit 81 village leadersand 468 farmers. The results showed that managementand engineering measures were the main methodsused to mitigate debris flow;ecological measures wereauxiliary. The average satisfaction scores of farmers forthese three types of measures were 4.07, 3.90, and 3.56,respectively (as measured on a five-point Likert scale).In contrast, in terms of the benefits of these mitigationmeasures, only a small proportion of villages (11.11%)obtained a high level of comprehensive benefits fromthe debris flow mitigation measures, while the majority(88.89%) received medium to low-level benefits. Toimprove this situation, we further studied and foundthat the main factors that restricted villages fromachieving high-level comprehensive benefits were theunpredictable nature of debris flows, labour forceoutflow and remoteness. Effective control measures, agood economic environment and strong governmentassistance were reported as crucial factors forimproving these comprehensive benefits. This studyprovides socio-scientific references for decisionmakingon rural debris flow mitigation measures while keeping villages at the centre of economic development.

关键词： Mitigation measures Comprehensive benefit evaluation Debris flow Mountain development Rural areas

Nutrient enrichment driven by canopy rainfall redistribution:Mechanism,quantification,and pattern

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1529-1544页

作者： Chuan YUAN Xiaoping YUE yafeng ZHANG Yu ZHANG Yanting HU Qiang TANG Li GUO Shuai wang Xingwu DUAN Wenhua XIANG Xiaohua WEI Xiaoyan LI College of Forestry and Biotechnology Zhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou 311300China Chongqing Jinfo Mountain Karst Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station School of Geographical SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Geographical Sciences Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China Faculty of Life Science and Technology Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering College of Water Resource and HydropowerSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion Prevention and Green Development Institute of International Rivers and Eco-securityYunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Department of Earth Environmental and Geographic SciencesUniversity of British Columbia(Okanagan)KelownaBritish Columbia V1V 1V7Canada

Vegetation canopies intercept and redistribute rainfall into throughfall and stemflow,which transfer substantial amounts of elements into the soil,influencing soil microbial community,plant survival,and plant community succession.Despite advancements in ecohydrological research,the implication of nutrient enrichment resulting from this redistribution of rainfall by canopies remains largely unexplored.To address this gap,we conducted a systematic review of 1020 papers published between 2000 and 2022,gathering data on nutrient concentration and enrichment for critical ions(including K^(+),Na^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),NH_(4)^(+),Cl^(-),NO_(3)^(-)and SO_(4)^(2-))from the Web of Science and Chinese Knowledge Infrastructure databases.We aimed to synthesize the mechanisms,quantify the enrichments,and identify global patterns of nutrient enrichment in stemflow and throughfall across climate zones,and vegetation types and ecosystems.The results of this study indicate that stemflow exhibits,on average,2.1times greater ion concentration(6.13 mg L^(-1))compared to throughfall.In particular,among the investigated ions,SO_(4)^(2-)(12.45and 6.32 mg L^(-1))for stemflow and throughfall,respectively,and Cl^(-)(9.21 and 4.81 mg L^(-1))exhibit the highest concentrations in both rainfall redistribution components,while K^(+)(13.7 and 5.8)and Mg^(2+)(5.6 and 2.8)have the highest enrichment factors.Across climate zones,throughfall and stemflow show the lowest ion concentrations but the highest enrichment factors in extremely humid regions.Along the temperature gradient,ion concentrations are the highest in cold climates with no clear patterns observed for enrichment factors with increasing temperature.In addition,shrubs,conifers,mixed forests,and artificial ecosystems demonstrate enrichment factors 1.1 to 3.0 times greater than those of trees,broad-leaved plants,pure forests,and natural ecosystems.These findings emphasize the need for increased attentions to artificial ecosystems,such as urban and agricultural ecosystems,which often received

关键词： Ecohydrology Rainfall redistribution Nutrients transport Enrichment characteristics Climate zones

An engineered Cas12i nuclease that is an efficient genome editing tool in animals and plants

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 61-69页

作者： Zhiqiang Duan yafeng Liang Jialei Sun Hongjin Zheng Tong Lin Pengyu Luo Mengge wang Ruiheng Liu Ying Chen Shuhua Guo Nannan Jia Hongtao Xie Meili Zhou Minghui Xia Kaijun Zhao Shuhui wang Na Liu Yongling Jia Wei Si Qitong Chen Yechun Hong Ruilin Tian Jian-Kang Zhu Institute of Advanced Biotechnology and School of Medicine Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Bellagen Biotechnology Jinan 250000China Department of Medical Neuroscience School of MedicineKey University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of GuangdongSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenGuangdong Province 518055China

The type V-I CRISPR-Cas system is becoming increasingly more attractive for genome editing.However,natural nucleases of this system often exhibit low efficiency,limiting their application.Here,we used structure-guided rational design and protein engineering to optimize an uncharacterized Cas12i nuclease,Cas12i3.As a result,we developed Cas-SF01,a Cas12i3 variant that exhibits significantly improved gene editing activity in mammalian cells.Cas-SF01 shows comparable or superior editing performance compared to SpCas9 and other Cas12 nucleases.Compared to natural Cas12i3,Cas-SF01 has an expanded PAM range and effectively recognizes NTTN and noncanonical NATN and TTVN PAMs.In addition,we identified an amino acid substitution,D876R,that markedly reduced the off-target effect while maintaining high on-target activity,leading to the development of CasSF01^(HiFi)(high-fidelity Cas-SF01).Finally,we show that Cas-SF01 has high gene editing activities in mice and plants.Our results suggest that CasSF01 can serve as a robust gene editing platform with high efficiency and specificity for genome editing applications in various organisms.

关键词： system attractive rational