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A Gaussian Noise-Based Algorithm for Enhancing Backdoor Attacks

Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 361-387页

作者： Hong Huang Yunfei wang Guotao Yuan Xin Li School of Computer Science and Engineering Sichuan University of Science&EngineeringYibin644000China

Deep Neural Networks(DNNs)are integral to various aspects of modern life,enhancing work ***-less,their susceptibility to diverse attack methods,including backdoor attacks,raises security *** aim to investigate backdoor attack methods for image categorization tasks,to promote the development of DNN towards higher *** on backdoor attacks currently faces significant challenges due to the distinct and abnormal data patterns of malicious samples,and the meticulous data screening by developers,hindering practical attack *** overcome these challenges,this study proposes a Gaussian Noise-Targeted Universal Adversarial Perturbation(GN-TUAP)*** approach restricts the direction of perturbations and normalizes abnormal pixel values,ensuring that perturbations progress as much as possible in a direction perpendicular to the decision hyperplane in linear *** limits anomalies within the perturbations improves their visual stealthiness,and makes them more challenging for defense methods to *** verify the effectiveness,stealthiness,and robustness of GN-TUAP,we proposed a comprehensive threat *** on this model,extensive experiments were conducted using the CIFAR-10,CIFAR-100,GTSRB,and MNIST datasets,comparing our method with existing state-of-the-art attack *** also tested our perturbation triggers using various defense methods and further experimented on the robustness of the triggers against noise filtering *** experimental outcomes demonstrate that backdoor attacks leveraging perturbations generated via our algorithm exhibit cross-model attack effectiveness and superior ***,they possess robust anti-detection capabilities and maintain commendable performance when subjected to noise-filtering methods.

关键词： Image classification model backdoor attack gaussian distribution Artificial Intelligence(AI)security

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An Adaptive Control Strategy for Energy Storage Interface Converter Based on Analogous Virtual Synchronous Generator

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Energy Engineering 2024年第2期121卷 339-358页

作者： Feng Zhao Jinshuo Zhang Xiaoqiang Chen Ying wang School of Automation and Electrical Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou730070China

In the DC microgrid,the lack of inertia and damping in power electronic converters results in poor stability of DC bus voltage and low inertia of the DC microgrid during fluctuations in load and photovoltaic *** address this issue,the application of a virtual synchronous generator(VSG)in grid-connected inverters control is referenced and proposes a control strategy called the analogous virtual synchronous generator(AVSG)control strategy for the interface DC/DC converter of the battery in the ***,a flexible parameter adaptive control method is introduced to further enhance the inertial behavior of the AVSG ***,a theoretical analysis is conducted on the various components of the DC microgrid,the structure of analogous virtual synchronous generator,and the control structure’s main parameters related to the DC microgrid’s inertial ***,the voltage change rate tracking coefficient is introduced to adjust the change of the virtual capacitance and damping coefficient flexibility,which further strengthens the inertia trend of the DC ***,a small-signal modeling approach is used to analyze the approximate range of the AVSG’s main parameters ensuring system ***,conduct a simulation analysis by building the model of the DC microgrid system with photovoltaic(PV)and battery energy storage(BES)in MATLAB/*** results from different scenarios have verified that the AVSG control introduces fixed inertia and damping into the droop control of the battery,resulting in a certain level of inertia ***,the additional adaptive control strategy built upon the AVSG control provides better and flexible inertial support for the DC microgrid,further enhances the stability of the DC bus voltage,and has a more positive impact on the battery performance.

关键词： Adaptive control analogous virtual synchronous generator DC/DC converter inertia of DC microgrid DC microgrid with PV and BES battery DC bus voltage

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Global dynamics analysis for a nonlinear HTLV-I model with logistic proliferation and CTL response

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2024年第3期17卷 35-55页

作者： Siyu Chen Zhijun Liu Lianwen wang xingan Zhang School of Mathematics and Statistics Central China Normal University Wuhan Hubei 430079P.R.China School of Mathematics and Statistics Hubei Minzu University Enshi Hubei 445000P.R.China

It is beyond dispute that cytotoxic T-lymphocytes(CTLs)exert a vital function in the host's antiviral defense *** the idea of the above factor and the logistic proliferation of CD4+T-cells,we establish a HTLV-I(human T-cell leukemia virus type-I)mathematical ***,two threshold parameters Ro and Re(the basic reproduction numbers for viral infection and CTL immune response,respectively)are ***,sufficient criteria for local and global asymptotic stabilities of the feasible equilibria of the model are deduced,***,the sensitivity analyses of Ro and Rc are performed to better understand the effective strategies for HTLV-I ***,not only numerical simulations are given to illustrate the stability conclusions,but also the biological significance is stated.

关键词： HTLV-I infection logistic proliferation CTL response stability sensitivity analysis

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Effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on hematopoietic stem cells in treating aplastic anemia in mice via MAPK pathway

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第5期16卷 591-603页

作者： Jin-Bo wang Ming-Wei Du Yan Zheng Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou 310012Zhejiang ProvinceChina Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200003China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine Shanghai 201203China Department of Hepatic The Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHangzhou 310023Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Aplastic anemia(AA)presents a significant clinical challenge as a life-threatening condition due to failure to produce essential blood cells,with the current the-rapeutic options being notably *** To assess the therapeutic potential of ginsenoside Rg1 on AA,specifically its protective effects,while elucidating the mechanism at *** We employed a model of myelosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide(CTX)in C57 mice,followed by administration of ginsenoside Rg1 over 13 *** invest-igation included examining the bone marrow,thymus and spleen for pathological changes via hematoxylin-eosin ***,orbital blood of mice was collected for blood routine *** cytometry was employed to identify the impact of ginsenoside Rg1 on cell apoptosis and cycle in the bone marrow of AA ***,the study further evaluated cytokine levels with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and analyzed the expression of key proteins in the MAPK signaling pathway via western *** Administration of CTX led to significant damage to the bone marrow’s structural integrity and a reduction in hematopoietic cells,establishing a model of *** Rg1 successfully reversed hematopoietic dysfunction in AA *** comparison to the AA group,ginsenoside Rg1 provided relief by reducing the induction of cell apoptosis and inflammation factors caused by ***,it helped alleviate the blockade in the cell *** with ginsenoside Rg1 significantly alleviated myelosuppression in mice by inhibiting the MAPK signaling *** This study suggested that ginsenoside Rg1 addresses AA by alleviating myelosuppression,primarily through modulating the MAPK signaling pathway,which paves the way for a novel therapeutic strategy in treating AA,highlighting the potential of ginsenoside Rg1 as a beneficial intervention.

关键词： Aplastic anemia Ginsenoside Rg1 Myelosuppression MAPK signaling pathway Bone marrow Hematopoietic stem cells

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Extracting multi-objective multigraph features for the shortest path cost prediction:Statistics-based or learning-based?

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Green Energy and Intelligent Transportation 2024年第1期3卷 1-15页

作者： Songwei Liu Xinwei wang Michal Weiszer Jun Chen School of Engineering and Materials Science Queen Mary University of LondonMile End RoadLondon E14NSUnited Kingdom

Efficient airport airside ground movement(AAGM)is key to successful operations of urban air *** studies have introduced the use of multi-objective multigraphs(MOMGs)as the conceptual prototype to formulate *** calculation of the shortest path costs is crucial for the algorithmic heuristic search on MOMGs,however,previous work chiefly focused on single-objective simple graphs(SOSGs),treated cost enquires as search problems,and failed to keep a low level of computational time and storage *** paper concentrates on the conceptual prototype MOMG,and investigates its node feature extraction,which lays the foundation for efficient prediction of shortest path *** extraction methods are implemented and compared:a statistics-based method that summarises 22 node physical patterns from graph theory principles,and a learning-based method that employs node embedding technique to encode graph structures into a discriminative vector *** former method can effectively evaluate the node physical patterns and reveals their individual importance for distance prediction,while the latter provides novel practices on processing multigraphs for node embedding algorithms that can merely handle *** regression models are applied to predict the shortest path costs to demonstrate the performance of *** experiments on randomly generated benchmark MOMGs show that(i)the statistics-based method underperforms on characterising small distance values due to severe overestimation;(ii)A subset of essential physical patterns can achieve comparable or slightly better prediction accuracy than that based on a complete set of patterns;and(iii)the learning-based method consistently outperforms the statistics-based method,while maintaining a competitive level of computational complexity.

关键词： Multi-objective multigraph Feature extraction Shortest path cost prediction Node patterns Node embeddings Regression

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Design Principles and Mechanistic Understandings of Non-Noble-Metal Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Zinc-Air Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第9期16卷 13-48页

作者： Yunnan Gao Ling Liu Yi Jiang Dexin Yu Xiaomei Zheng Jiayi wang Jingwei Liu Dan Luo Yongguang Zhang Zhenjia Shi Xin wang Ya‑Ping Deng Zhongwei Chen Power Battery and Systems Research Center State Key Laboratory of CatalysisDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023People’s Republic of China Department of Chemical Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada Institute of Carbon Neutrality Zhejiang Wanli UniversityNingbo 315100People’s Republic of China College of Materials and Chemistry China Jiliang UniversityHangzhou 310018People’s Republic of China

Zinc-air batteries(ZABs)are promising energy storage systems because of high theoretical energy density,safety,low cost,and abundance of ***,the slow multi-step reaction of oxygen and heavy reliance on noble-metal catalysts hinder the practical applications of ***,feasible and advanced non-noble-metal elec-trocatalysts for air cathodes need to be identified to promote the oxygen catalytic *** this review,we initially introduced the advancement of ZABs in the past two decades and provided an overview of key developments in this ***,we discussed the work-ing mechanism and the design of bifunctional electrocatalysts from the perspective of morphology design,crystal structure tuning,interface strategy,and atomic *** also included theoretical studies,machine learning,and advanced characterization technologies to provide a comprehensive understanding of the structure-performance relationship of electrocatalysts and the reaction pathways of the oxygen redox ***,we discussed the challenges and prospects related to designing advanced non-noble-metal bifunctional electrocatalysts for ZABs.

关键词： Zinc-air batteries Bifunctional electrocatalysts Design principles Mechanistic understandings

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Streamlined whole-genome genotyping through NGS-enhanced thermal asymmetric interlaced(TAIL)-PCR

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Plant Communications 2024年第9期5卷 25-37页

作者： Sheng Zhao Yue wang Zhenghang Zhu Peng Chen Wuge Liu Chongrong wang Hong Lu Yong Xiang Yuwen Liu Qian Qian Yuxiao Chang Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518120China 2 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding Rice Research InstituteGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510640China

Whole-genome genotyping(WGG)stands as a pivotal element in genomic-assisted plant ***theless,sequencing-based approaches for WGG continue to be costly,primarily owing to the high expenses associated with library preparation and the laborious *** prior development of foreground and background integrated genotyping by sequencing(FBI-seq),we discovered that any sequence-specific primer(SP)inherently possesses the capability to amplify a massive array of stable and reproducible non-specific PCR products across the ***,we further improved FBI-seq by replacing the adapter ligated by Tn5 transposase with an arbitrary degenerate(AD)*** protocol for the enhanced FBI-seq unexpectedly mirrors a simplified thermal asymmetric interlaced(TAIL)-PCR,a technique that is widely used for isolation of flanking ***,the improved TAIL-PCR maximizes the primer-template mismatched annealing capabilities of both SP and AD *** addition,leveraging of next-generation sequencing enhances the ability of this technique to assay tens of thousands of genome-wide loci for any *** cost-effective,user-friendly,and powerful WGG tool,which we have named TAIL-PCR by sequencing(TAIL-peq),holds great potential for widespread application in breeding programs,thereby facilitating genome-assisted crop improvement.

关键词： whole-genome genotyping primer-template mismatched annealing specific primer arbitrary degenerate primer molecular breeding

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Correlation between the neuroendocrine axis,microbial species,inflammatory response,and gastrointestinal symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第35期30卷 3985-3995页

作者： Xin Zhang Wei-Wei Jin Hong-Gang wang Department of Gastroenterology Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang ProvinceTaizhou 524333Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Nutrition Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang ProvinceTaizhou 524333Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology Taizhou Municipal HospitalTaizhou 524333Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND This study examines the complex relationships among the neuroendocrine axis,gut microbiome,inflammatory responses,and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).The findings provide new insights into the pathophysiology of IBS and suggest potential therapeutic targets for improving patient *** To investigate the interactions between the neuroendocrine axis,gut microbiome,inflammation,and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with *** Patients diagnosed with IBS between January 2022 and January 2023 were selected for the *** individuals undergoing routine check-ups during the same period served as the control *** were collected on neuroendocrine hormone levels,gut microbiome profiles,inflammatory biomarkers,and gastrointestinal symptomatology to analyze their interrelations and their potential roles in IBS *** IBS patients exhibited significant dysregulation of the neuroendocrine axis,with altered levels of cortisol,serotonin,and neuropeptides compared to healthy *** gut microbiome of IBS patients showed reduced diversity and specific alterations in bacterial genera,including Bifidobacterium,Lactobacillus,and Faecalibacterium,which were associated with neuroendocrine ***,elevated levels of inflammatory markers,such as C-reactive protein,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α,were observed and correlated with the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms like abdominal pain,bloating,and altered bowel *** The findings suggest that targeting the neuroendocrine axis,gut microbiome,and inflammatory pathways may offer novel therapeutic strategies to alleviate symptoms and improve the quality of life in IBS patients.

关键词： Gastrointestinal symptoms Inflammatory response Intestinal microbiota Irritable bowel syndrome Neuroendocrine axis Relationship study

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The mathematical model of kitchen smoke exhaust system in high-rise residential buildings considering the Influence of Stack effect

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Energy and Built Environment 2024年第4期5卷 580-591页

作者： Kailiang Huang Minghui Yu Xin Liu Runsheng wang School of Municipal and Environment Engineering Shenyang Jianzhu UniversityShenyang100168China

In high-rise buildings with large indoor and outdoor temperature difference,neglecting the effect of stack effect in smoke exhaust shafts may cause calculation error of the fluid network *** this paper,the mathematical model of kitchen smoke exhaust system considering the influence of stack effect was put forward and it can be inserted different range hood *** with the results of six working conditions of the model without considering the stack effect,the error of the proposed model were reduced by 7.6%,4.3%,4.1%,2.8%,2.4%,and 2.1%.While the indoor and outdoor temperature difference varies from−5℃ to 49℃,the effect of stack effect on the pressure in the flue and the flow rate for each user was studied for six operating rates *** results show that under the combined effect of stack effect and flue resistance,the static pressure of the kitchen smoke exhaust system showed a low-high-low distribution,and the maximum static pressure in the flue moved toward the bottom with the increase of temperature *** flow rates exhibit a low-high-low-high distribution,with an increased flow rate in the bottom users and the largest flow rate in the top users.

关键词： High-rise residential buildings Kitchen ventilation Central exhaust system Buoyancy-driven ventilation Ventilation mathematical model

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Development of surrogate-optimization models for a novel transcritical power cycle integrated with a small modular reactor

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Energy and AI 2024年第1期15卷 15-25页

作者： Yili Zhang Jacob Bryan Geordie Richards Hailei wang Department of Mechanical&Aerospace Engineering Utah State UniversityLoganUT 84322USA

In recent years,various types of surrogate optimization models have been proposed to reduce the computational time and to improve the emulation *** this study,by leveraging an ANN surrogate model developed earlier,a comprehensive and efficient optimization algorithm is conceived for the global optimal design of an integrated regenerative methanol transcritical *** combines a unique converging/diverging classifier model into the surrogate model to form a surrogate-based model,which significantly improves the prediction accuracy of the objective *** binary classifiers are explored and the multi-layer feed-forward(MLF)neural network classifier is *** addition,within the five global optimizers being explored,the basinhopping(BH)and dual-annealing(DA)are *** optimal surrogate-based model and global optimizers are then combined to form a unique surrogate-optimizer *** surrogate-optimizer model is slightly outperformed by the physics-based model in terms of the optimization results,the time consumption of the surrogate-optimizer model during the optimization searching process is 99%less than that of the physicsbased *** the results,the surrogate-optimizer model is slightly outperformed by the physics-based model in terms of the optimization results,where the Levelized Cost of Energy(LCOE)of the Surrogate-DA and Surrogate-BH models are 77.912 and 78.876$/MWh,respectively,compared to the 77.190$/MWh of the Baseline model with fairly close penalties between *** the meantime,the time consumption of the surrogate-optimizer model during the optimization searching process is 99%less than that of the physics-based model.

关键词： Surrogate model Optimization Binary classifier model Global optimizer Thermodynamic model Transcritical cycle Small modular reactors

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