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Quantitative and qualitative subgenomic RNA profiles of SARS-CoV-2 in respiratory samples: A comparison between Omicron BA.2 and non-VOC-D614G

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 218-227页

作者： Zigui Chen Rita Way Yin Ng Grace Lui Lowell Ling Agnes S.Y.Leung Chit Chow Siaw Shi Boon Wendy C.S.Ho Maggie Haitian wang Renee wan Yi chan Albert Martin Li David Shu Cheong Hui Paul Kay Sheung chan Department of Microbiology Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Medicine and Therapeutics Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Paediatrics Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants are notorious for their transmissibility,but little is known about their subgenomic RNA(sgRNA)*** study applied RNA-seq to delineate the quantitative and qualitative profiles of canonical sgRNA of 118 respiratory samples collected from patients infected with Omicron BA.2 and compared with 338 patients infected with non-variant of concern(non-VOC)-D614G.A unique characteristic profile depicted by the relative abundance of 9 canonical sgRNAs was reproduced by both BA.2 and non-VOCD614G regardless of host gender,age and presence of ***,such profile was lost in samples with low viral load,suggesting a potential application of sgRNA pattern to indicate viral activity of individual patient at a specific time point.A characteristic qualitative profile of canonical sgRNAs was also reproduced by both BA.2 and *** presence of a full set of canonical sgRNAs carried a coherent correlation with crude viral load(AUC¼0.91,95%CI 0.88–0.94),and sgRNA ORF7b was identified to be the best surrogate marker allowing feasible routine application in characterizing the infection status of individual *** potentials in using sgRNA as a target for vaccine and antiviral development are worth pursuing.

关键词： Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 Non-VOC-D614G RNA-seq Subgenomic RNA(sgRNA)

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Identification of novel small-molecule inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 by chemical genetics

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第9期14卷 4028-4044页

作者： Chris Chun-Yiu chan Qian Guo Jasper Fuk-Woo chan Kaiming Tang Jian-Piao Cai Kenn Ka-Heng Chik Yixin Huang Mei Dai Bo Qin Chon Phin Ong Allen Wing-Ho Chu wan-Mui chan Jonathan Daniel Ip Lei Wen Jessica Oi-Ling Tsang Tong-Yun wang Yubin Xie Zhenzhi Qin Jianli Cao Zi-Wei Ye Hin Chu Kelvin Kai-wang To Xing-Yi Ge Tao Ni Dong-Yan Jin Sheng Cui Kwok-Yung Yuen Shuofeng Yuan State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases Carol Yu Centre for InfectionDepartment of MicrobiologySchool of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SAR 999077China Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518000China Centre for Virology Vaccinology and TherapeuticsHong Kong Science and Technology ParkHong Kong SAR 999077China Academician Workstation of Hainan Province Hainan Medical University-the University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious DiseasesHaikou 571100China School of Biomedical Sciences Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SAR 999077China NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens Institute of Pathogen Biology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China College of Biology Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical VirologyHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

There are only eight approved small molecule antiviral drugs for treating *** them,four are nucleotide analogues(remdesivir,JT001,molnupiravir,and azvudine),while the other four are protease inhibitors(nirmatrelvir,ensitrelvir,leritrelvir,and simnotrelvir-ritonavir).Antiviral resistance,unfavourable drug‒drug interaction,and toxicity have been reported in previous *** there is a dearth of new treatment options for *** this work,a three-tier cell-based screening was employed to identify novel compounds with anti-SARS-CoV-2 *** compound,designated 172,demonstrated broad-spectrum antiviral activity against multiple human pathogenic coronaviruses and different SARS-CoV-2 variants of *** studies validated by reverse genetics showed that compound 172 inhibits the 3-chymotrypsin-like protease(3CLpro)by binding to an allosteric site and reduces 3CLpro dimerization.A drug synergistic checkerboard assay demonstrated that compound 172 can achieve drug synergy with nirmatrelvir in *** vivo studies confirmed the antiviral activity of compound 172 in both Golden Syrian Hamsters and K18 humanized ACE2 ***,this study identified an alternative druggable site on the SARS-CoV-23CLpro,proposed a potential combination therapy with nirmatrelvir to reduce the risk of antiviral resistance and shed light on the development of allosteric protease inhibitors for treating a range of coronavirus diseases.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 High throughput screening Broad-spectrum antiviral treatment 3CLpro inhibitor Allosteric-site inhibitor Animal models Chemical genetics Reverse genetics

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5G基站精准建设数字化管理

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电脑与电信 2024年第1期 50-55页

作者：宋辉万潺潺中国电信股份有限公司新疆分公司新疆乌鲁木齐830026 华信咨询设计研究院有限公司浙江杭州310052

数字化转型的时代背景下,新疆电信建设无线网工程建设数字化管理平台,用于无线网工程建设过程中的关键数据的留痕,平台自建成后开始使用,至今已储存了大量的留痕数据,如何利用留痕数据,让留痕数据发挥价值,成为了新疆电信面临的重要挑... 详细信息

数字化转型的时代背景下,新疆电信建设无线网工程建设数字化管理平台,用于无线网工程建设过程中的关键数据的留痕,平台自建成后开始使用,至今已储存了大量的留痕数据,如何利用留痕数据,让留痕数据发挥价值,成为了新疆电信面临的重要挑战。为解决这一难题,通过强化数据驱动的全过程管控,将无线网规划、设计、施工、后评价环节的流程打通,构建无线网从规划到后评价的精细化管理体系,指导无线网工程建设优化及投资管理。

关键词： 5G基站数字化转型无线网精细化管理数字化管理

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Establishment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection:Translational evasion of oxidative defence

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第11期20卷 2785-2800页

作者： Shiu-wan chan Faculty of Life Sciences The University of ManchesterManchester M13 9PTUnited Kingdom

Hepatitis C virus(HCV)causes a clinically important disease affecting 3%of the world *** is a single-stranded,positive-sense RNA virus belonging to the genus Hepacivirus within the Flaviviridae *** virus establishes a chronic infection in the face of an active host oxidative defence,thus adaptation to oxidative stress is key to virus *** a small RNA virus with a limited genomic capacity,we speculate that HCV deploys a different strategy to evade host oxidative *** of counteracting oxidative stress,it utilizes oxidative stress to facilitate its own *** is the first step in the replication of a plus strand RNA virus so it would make sense if the virus can exploit the host oxidative defence in facilitating this very first *** is particularly true when HCV utilizes an internal ribosome entry site element in translation,which is distinctive from that of cap-dependent translation of the vast majority of cellular genes,thus allowing selective translation of genes under conditions when global protein synthesis is ***,we were the first to show that HCV translation was stimulated by an important prooxidant-hydrogen peroxide in hepatocytes,suggesting that HCV is able to adapt to and utilize the host antiviral response to facilitate its own translation thus allowing the virus to thrive under oxidative stress condition to establish *** how HCV translation is regulated under oxidative stress condition will advance our knowledge on how HCV establishes *** chronicity is the initiator step in disease progression this will eventually lead to a better understanding of pathogenicity,which is particularly relevant to the development of anti-virals and improved treatments of HCV patients using anti-oxidants.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Oxidative stress Hydrogen peroxide Translation Internal ribosome entry site Chronicity Persistence

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Recent progress in quantitative analysis of DNA adducts of nephrotoxin aristolochic acid

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Science China Chemistry 2009年第10期52卷 1576-1582页

作者： YUE Hao chan wan YU KongJie GUO Lin LIU Ning LIU HuWei CAI ZongWei Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong SARChina changchun University of Chinese Medicine Changchun 130117China Fujian Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau Fuzhou 350001China Institute of Analytical Chemistry College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Aristolochic acid (AA), a mixture of structure-related nitrophenanthrene carboxylic acid derivatives derived from Aristolochia spp, is associated with nephrotoxin and carcinogen. AA-DNA adducts induced by reductive metabolic activation of AA were detected in tissues of animals and in patients exposed to AA. The DNA adducts were generally used as biomarkers in toxicological study of AA. In this short review, quantitative analysis of AA-DNA adducts in various in vitro and in vivo systems by using 32P-postlabelling assay, HPLC-UV, HPLC-radiation monitor, HPLC-FLD, HPLC-ESI/MS and UPLC-MS/MS methods is discussed. The distribution of AA-DNA adducts in various tissues is also summarized.

关键词： aristolochic acid DNA adducts quantitative analysis short review

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In situ infrared, Raman and X-ray spectroscopy for the mechanistic understanding of hydrogen evolution reaction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 632-651,I0014页

作者： Andi Haryanto Kyounghoon Jung chan Woo Lee Dong-wan Kim Department of Chemistry Kookmin UniversitySeoul 02707Republic of Korea School of Civil Environmental and Architectural EngineeringKorea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea

Hydrogen production by water reduction reactions has received considerable attention because hydrogen is considered a clean-energy carrier,key for a sustainable energy *** methods have been widely used to study the reaction mechanism of the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),but the calculation results need to be supported by experimental results and direct evidence to confirm the mechanistic *** this review,we discuss the fundamental principles of the in situ spectroscopic strategy and a theoretical model for a mechanistic understanding of the *** addition,we investigate recent studies by in situ Fourier transform infrared(FTIR),Raman spectroscopy,and X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS) and cover new findings that occur at the catalyst-electrolyte interface during *** spectroscopic strategies provide practical ways to elucidate catalyst phase,reaction intermediate,catalyst-electrolyte interface,intermediate binding energy,metal valency state,and coordination environment during HER.

关键词： Hydrogen evolution reaction Infrared spectroscopy Raman spectroscopy X-ray absorption spectroscopy Reaction mechanism

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Effects of mindfulness-based intervention programs on sleep among people with common mental disorders:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第4期12卷 636-650页

作者： Sunny Ho-wan chan Danielle Lui Hazel chan Kelly Sum Ava Cheung Hayley Yip Chong Ho Yu Department of Rehabilitation Sciences The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina School of Behavioral and Applied Science Azusa Pacific UniversityAzusaCA 91702United States

BACKGROUND Sleep problems are particularly prevalent in people with depression or anxiety *** mindfulness has been suggested as an important component in alleviating insomnia,no comprehensive review and meta-analysis has been conducted to evaluate the effects of different mindfulness-based intervention(MBI)programs on sleep among people with depression or anxiety *** To compare the effects of different MBI programs on sleep among people with depression or anxiety *** Related publications in Embase,Medline,PubMed and PsycINFO databases were systematically searched from January 2010 to June 2020 for randomised controlled *** were synthesized using a random-effects or a fixed-effects model to analyse the effects of various MBI programs on sleep problems among people with depression or anxiety *** fixed-effects model was used when heterogeneity was negligible,and the random-effects model was used when heterogeneity was significant to calculate the standardised mean differences(SMDs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs).RESULTS We identified 397 articles,of which 10 randomised controlled trials,involving a total of 541 participants,were included in the *** of internet mindfulness meditation intervention(IMMI),mindfulness meditation(MM),mindfulness-based cognitive therapy(MBCT),mindfulness-based stress reduction(MBSR)and mindfulness-based touch therapy(MBTT)met the inclusion *** greatest effect sizes are reported in favour of MBTT,with SMDs of-1.138(95%CI:-1.937 to-0.340;P=0.005),followed by-1.003(95%CI:-1.645 to-0.360;P=0.002)for *** of-0.618(95%CI:-0.980 to-0.257;P=0.001)and-0.551(95%CI:-0.842 to-0.260;P<0.0001)were reported for IMMI and MBSR in the pooling trials,*** effects on sleep problem improvement are shown in all reviewed MBI programs,except MM,for which the effect size was shown to be *** All MBI programs(MBTT,MBCT,IMMI and MBSR),except MM

关键词： Mindfulness-based intervention programs Common mental disorders Sleep Systematic review Meta-analysis

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纵谈全球儿童健康状况(英文)

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北京大学学报（医学版） 2013年第2期45卷 165-173页

作者： Chok-wan chan International Pediatric Association GenevaSwitzerland Hong Kong Paediatric Foundation Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionPeople's Republic of China Hong Kong Society of Child Neurology and Developmental Paediatrics Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

Modern definition of child health evolves over the past six decades from ＂a state of freedom from diseases＂ to ＂a state of physical, mental and social wellbeing＂, further to the now ＂enhancement of attainment of one＇s poten-tial in life＂. This illustrates the concept of health consequent to the good control of infectious and genetic diseases, effective medical care of pregnancy and child delivery, excellent paediatric care in decreasing birth asphyxia and complication of prematurity as well as improving environmental health which we have just started to promote. We are now at a better stage of child survival and can afford to focus on the preventive arena of child health and on the quality of life. The child here includes the age from 0 - 18 years （ representing newborn, childhood and adolescent groups） and health covers the medical, social and educational sectors at home, school and community. It thus fol- lows that the professional team taking care of child health should be transdisciplinary and intersectoral comprising of doctors, nurses, midwives, allied health professionals, teachers, social workers, parents and others. Modem child healthcare thus stresses on the intersectoral collaboration and transdisciplinary cooperation of all professionals working together towards the optimum management of the continuum of care, meaning from parents to newborn, then to babies, children, adolescents （both boys and girls） who then become good parents accordingly. This cycle requires healthy components and therefore close cooperation of the professionals together.

关键词：世界卫生儿童保健服务儿科学千年发展目标

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基于数字信息技术的业务流程自动化监控系统设计

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粘接 2024年第9期51卷 193-196页

作者：万婵梁敏杰吴桂华邓楚然赵双徐思华广东电网有限责任公司广东广州510180 广东卓维网络有限公司广东佛山528521

为了有效提升电网企业的运营质量与效率,实现高效的数字化运营,设计面向数字化运营的电网企业业务流程自动化监控系统。统一规范接入多源数据并标签分类后存入数据层。由支撑层从数据层内采集监控任务所需数据并实施清洗,交由模型转换... 详细信息

为了有效提升电网企业的运营质量与效率,实现高效的数字化运营,设计面向数字化运营的电网企业业务流程自动化监控系统。统一规范接入多源数据并标签分类后存入数据层。由支撑层从数据层内采集监控任务所需数据并实施清洗,交由模型转换、规则判别及指标运算等模块处理。通过结果模块发出异常数据报警并将结果存入数据层指定数据库内,由呈现层展现操作界面,实现电网企业业务流程自动化监控。实验结果表明,该系统可高效采集所监控业务数据,准确报警业务流程内的异常状况,综合性能表现较好,易用性较高,可提升业务办理效率,保障数字化运营质量。

关键词：数字化运营电网企业自动化监控规范数据接入异常报警

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Finite barrier bound state

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 664-671页

作者： Tao Liu Kai Bai Yicheng Zhang Duanduan wan Yun Lai C.T.chan Meng Xiao Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro-and Nano-structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology Wuhan University430072 WuhanChina. National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures School of Physicsand Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing University210093 NanjingChina. Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloon999077Hong KongChina. Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology 430206 WuhanChina

A boundary mode localized on one side of a finite-size lattice can tunnel to the opposite side which results in unwanted *** wisdom tells that the tunneling probability decays exponentially with the size of the system which thus requires many lattice sites before eventually becoming negligibly *** we show that the tunneling probability for some boundary modes can apparently vanish at specific ***,similar to bound states in the continuum,a boundary mode can be completely trapped within very few lattice sites where the bulk bandgap is not even *** intriguingly,the number of trapped states equals the number of lattice sites along the normal direction of the *** provide two configurations and validate the existence of this peculiar finite barrier-bound state experimentally in a dielectric photonic crystal at microwave *** work offers extreme flexibility in tuning the coupling between localized states and channels as well as a new mechanism that facilitates unprecedented manipulation of light.

关键词： boundary state eventually

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