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A general climatology of categorized Martian ionospheric irregularities

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第10期67卷 3302-3325页

作者： Xin wan Jiahao ZHONG Yongqiang HAO Chao XIONG hui wanG Yutian CAO Jun CUI Yiwen LIU Qiaoling LI Jiawei KUAI Planetary Environmental and Astrobiological Research Laboratory (PEARL) School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Key Laboratory of Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean System Ministry of Education Department of Space Physics College of Electronic Information Luojia Laboratory Wuhan University School of Physics and Electronic Information Shangrao Normal University School of Petroleum China University of Petroleum-Beijing at Karamay College of Astronautics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

A climatological survey of Martian ionospheric plasma density irregularities was conducted by exploring the in-situ measurements of the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN(MAVEN) spacecraft. The irregularities were first classified as enhancement, depletion, and oscillation. By checking the simultaneous magnetic field fluctuation, the irregularities have been classified into two types: with or without magnetic signatures. The classified irregularities exhibit diverse global occurrence patterns, as those with magnetic signatures tend to appear near the periphery of the crustal magnetic anomaly(MA), and those without magnetic signatures prefer to appear either inside of the MA or outside of the MA, depending on the type and solar zenith angle. Under most circumstances, the irregularities have a considerable occurrence rate at altitudes above the ionospheric dynamo height(above 200 km), and the magnetization state of the ions seems irrelevant to their occurrence. In addition, the irregularities do not show dependence on magnetic field geometry, except that the enhancement without magnetic signatures favors the vertical field line, implying its equivalence to the localized bulge. Other similarities and discrepancies exist in reference to previous studies. We believe this global survey complements previous research and provides crucial research clues for future efforts to clarify the nature of the Martian ionospheric irregularities.

关键词： Mars MAVEN Ionosphere Ionospheric irregularities Crustal magnetic anomaly Plasma

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Phase separation activates plant TIR-only immune receptors

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Science Bulletin 2024年第15期69卷 2311-2313页

作者： Li wan Key Laboratory of Plant Design CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China

Plants express cell membrane-localized pattern recognition receptors(PRRs)and intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat(NLR)receptors to fend off *** recognition of conserved microbial features and NLR recognition of pathogen effectors lead to pattern-triggered immunity(PTI)and effectortriggered immunity(ETI),respectively[1].

关键词： immunity pattern NLR

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Altered Iron-Mediated Metabolic Homeostasis Governs the Efficacy and Toxicity of Tripterygium Glycosides Tablets Against Rheumatoid Arthritis

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Engineering 2024年第8期39卷 166-179页

作者： Zihe Ding Xiaoyue wang Yi Zhang Jian Liu Lei wan Tao Li lin Chen Na lin Yanqiong Zhang State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs Institute of Chinese Materia MedicaChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100700China The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine Hefei 230038China

Rheumatoid arthritis(RA),a globally increasing autoimmune disorder,is associated with increased disability rates due to the disruption of iron *** glycoside tablets(TGTs),a Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f.(TwHF)-based therapy,exhibit satisfactory clinical efficacy for RA ***,drug-induced liver injury(DILI)remains a critical issue that hinders the clinical application of TGTs,and the molecular mechanisms underlying the efficacy and toxicity of TGTs in RA have not been fully *** address this problem,we integrated clinical multi-omics data associated with the anti-RA efficacy and DILI of TGTs with the chemical and target profiling of TGTs to perform a systematic network ***,we identified effective and toxic targets following experimental validation in a collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)mouse *** different transcriptome–protein–metabolite profiles distinguishing patients with favorable TGTs responses from those with poor outcomes were ***,the clinical efficacy and DILI of TGTs against RA were associated with metabolic homeostasis between iron and bone and between iron and lipids,***,the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)–hepcidin(HAMP)/lipocalin 2(LCN2)–tartrate-resis tant acid phosphatase type 5(ACP5)and STAT3–HAMP–acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4(ACSL4)–lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3(LPCAT3)axes were identified as key drivers of the efficacy and toxicity of *** play dual roles in ameliorating CIA-induced pathology and in inducing hepatic dysfunction,disruption of lipid metabolism,and hepatic lipid ***,TGTs effectively reversed“iron–bone”disruptions in the inflamed joint tissues of CIA mice by inhibiting the STAT3–HAMP/LCN2–ACP5 axis,subsequently leading to“iron–lipid”disturbances in the liver tissues via modulation of the STAT3–HAMP–ACSL4–LPCAT3 *** bidirectional validatio

关键词： Tripterygium glycosides tablets Rheumatoid arthritis Iron metabolism Clinical efficacy Drug-induced liver injury Clinical multi-omics data analysis

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Effects of Lactobacillus paracasei N1115 on gut microbial imbalance and liver function in patients with hepatitis B-related cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1556-1571页

作者： Yan-Chao Hu Xiang-Chun Ding hui-Juan Liu wan-Long Ma Xue-Yan Feng Li-Na Ma Department of Infectious Disease General Hospital of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004Ningxia Hui Autonomous RegionChina Infectious Disease Clinical Research Center of Ningxia Yinchuan 750004Ningxia Hui Autonomous RegionChina

BACKGROUND Hepatitis B cirrhosis(HBC)is a chronic disease characterized by irreversible diffuse liver damage and aggravated by intestinal microbial imbalance and metabolic *** the relationship between certain single probiotics and HBC has been explored,the impact of the complex ready-to-eat Lactobacillus paracasei N1115(LP N1115)supplement on patients with HBC has not been *** To compare the changes in the microbiota,inflammatory factor levels,and liver function before and after probiotic treatment in HBC *** This study included 160 HBC patients diagnosed at the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University between October 2018 and December *** were randomly divided into an intervention group that received LP N1115 supplementation and routine treatment and a control group that received routine treatment *** samples were collected at the onset and conclusion of the 12-wk intervention *** structure of the intestinal microbiota and the levels of serological indicators,such as liver function and inflammatory factors,were *** Following LP N1115 intervention,the intestinal microbial diversity significantly increased in the intervention group(P<0.05),and the structure of the intestinal microbiota was characterized by an increase in the proportions of probiotic microbes and a reduction in harmful ***,the intervention group demonstrated notable improvements in liver function indices and significantly lower levels of inflammatory factors(P<0.05).CONCLUSION LP N1115 is a promising treatment for ameliorating intestinal microbial imbalance in HBC patients by modulating the structure of the intestinal microbiota,improving liver function,and reducing inflammatory factor levels.

关键词： Hepatitis B cirrhosis N1115 ready-to-eat lactobacillus Inflammation Liver function Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis Probiotic

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肼在金属表面上分解机理的理论研究

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高等学校化学学报 2008年第10期29卷 2035-2039页

作者：张俊谢励夏文生万惠霖厦门大学化学化工学院化学系固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室厦门361005

键指数归一-二次指数势(Unity Bond Index-Quadratic Exponential Potential,UBI-QEP)法被用于研究肼在Fe,Ru,Pt和Cu表面上的分解机理.研究结果表明,肼在金属上优先发生N—N键断裂,金属活性顺序是Ru^Fe>Pt>Cu,但不同金属上呈现出不同的... 详细信息

键指数归一-二次指数势(Unity Bond Index-Quadratic Exponential Potential,UBI-QEP)法被用于研究肼在Fe,Ru,Pt和Cu表面上的分解机理.研究结果表明,肼在金属上优先发生N—N键断裂,金属活性顺序是Ru^Fe>Pt>Cu,但不同金属上呈现出不同的产物选择性.在Fe,Ru上产物主要为N2和H2,其通过N2Hx物种形成的可能性较低,金属活性顺序为Ru>Fe;而在Cu,Pt上最终产物为NH3,N2和H2,其中H2和N2的形成可能部分源于中间体物种N2H的转化,金属的活性顺序为Pt>Cu.

关键词：键指数归一-二次指数势 N2H4分解机理金属表面

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Ni的化学态对甲烷部分氧化反应机理的影响：能学分析

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物理化学学报 2011年第7期27卷 1567-1573页

作者：夏文生常刚侯玉慧翁维正万惠霖固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室醇醚酯清洁化工生产国家工程实验室福建省理论计算化学重点实验室厦门大学化学化工学院福建厦门361005

采用键指数归一-平方势(UBI-QEP)法对不同化学态Ni上甲烷部分氧化反应中各可能基元步骤进行了能学计算研究.结果表明,反应的速度控制步骤与金属Ni的化学态有关.还原态Ni上CO形成的反应速度控制步骤为表面上CH_3与O物种间的缔合,而带部... 详细信息

采用键指数归一-平方势(UBI-QEP)法对不同化学态Ni上甲烷部分氧化反应中各可能基元步骤进行了能学计算研究.结果表明,反应的速度控制步骤与金属Ni的化学态有关.还原态Ni上CO形成的反应速度控制步骤为表面上CH_3与O物种间的缔合,而带部分正电荷的Ni上CO形成的反应速度控制步骤则为甲烷氧助解离形成表面CH_xO物种.还原态和带部分正电荷的Ni中心在表面上共存时,反应的速度控制步骤将取决于表面CH_3形成与表面CH_3、O物种缔合两反应间的竞争,其竞争的强弱涉及Ni的化学态.此外,反应活性中心向正电荷的Ni转化时,会导致表面C和O及H和H物种缔合的活化能显著降低,有利于CO、H_2的形成,而表面CH_x物种解离则变得不容易,表面积炭受到明显的抑制.

关键词：甲烷部分氧化镍化学态速度控制步骤机理能量学

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Microwave-accelerated direct regeneration of LiCoO_(2)cathodes for Li-ion batteries

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2181-2189页

作者： Xueshan Hu Yun-Chao Yin Chao Li Lihui Zhou lin Yang Yitian Feng Daxian Zuo Chenhui Ning Das Soham Sheng Dai Longbin Qiu lin Zeng Haw Jiunn Woo Jiayu wan Future Battery Research Center Global Institute of Future TechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Centre for Ionics University of Malaya Department of PhysicsFaculty of ScienceUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Department of Natural and Applied Sciences Duke Kunshan UniversityKunshan 215316China

Recycling spent lithium-ion batteries is integral to today's low-carbon environmental protection *** concept of direct regeneration,acknowledged for its environmental sustainability,economic viability,and consistent performance of recycled materials,is gaining *** study presents an efficient and nondestructive approach by utilizing an ultrafast microwave technology to directly regenerate spent lithium cobaltate(LCO)cathode *** contrast to conventional furnacebased processes,this method significantly reduces the regeneration *** subjecting the spent LCO mixed with lithium sources to three microwave heating cycles(at approximately 1,350 K),LCO regeneration is achieved,yielding a specific capacity of 140.8 mAh g^(-1)(0.2 C)with a robust cycle *** further environmental and economic benefits,the ultrafast microwave technology holds scientific promise for directly regenerating cathode materials,while establishing competitiveness for industrial applications.

关键词： battery recycling spent lithium cobaltate microwave directly regeneration cathode materials

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水对岩石亚临界裂纹扩展及门槛值的影响研究

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岩土力学 2010年第9期31卷 2737-2742页

作者：万琳辉曹平黄永恒汪亦显中南大学资源与安全工程学院长沙410083

亚临界裂纹扩展是岩体工程时间相依性的主要原因之一。采用常位移松弛法,对饱水和干燥两种状态下的大理岩、花岗岩双扭试件进行了亚临界裂纹扩展试验研究,获得了两种岩石在两种状态下的亚临界裂纹扩展速率V与应力强度因子KΙ的关系,分... 详细信息

亚临界裂纹扩展是岩体工程时间相依性的主要原因之一。采用常位移松弛法,对饱水和干燥两种状态下的大理岩、花岗岩双扭试件进行了亚临界裂纹扩展试验研究,获得了两种岩石在两种状态下的亚临界裂纹扩展速率V与应力强度因子KΙ的关系,分析了两种岩石在两种状态下亚临界裂纹扩展的规律,并确定了两种岩石在两种状态下的门槛值(干燥状态):大理岩0K为1.365,花岗岩0K为2.305;(饱水状态):大理岩0K为1.118,花岗岩0K为1.490。研究表明,两种岩石的IlgK与lgV关系有较好的线性规律,但由于岩石本身矿物成分等的不均匀性,同种岩石的IlgK与lgV关系离散性较大,饱水状态下离散性更大;水能加速岩石亚临界裂纹的扩展,且对不同的岩石,其影响程度也不一样;水可以使岩石亚临界裂纹扩展的门槛值有较大幅度降低,不同岩石其降低的程度也不一样。

关键词：常位移松弛双扭试件亚临界裂纹扩展水影响 IgKl与lgV关系门槛值

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Light People:*** May Lau,newly elected US NAE member in Hong Kong,talks about future of photonics and women in science

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 602-608页

作者： Yating wan Chenzi Guo Electrical and Computer Engineering the ComputerElectrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology23955-6900 ThuwalSaudi Arabia Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunChina

Editorial Photonics technology remains a driving force in today’s scientific landscape,marked by continuous innovation and crossdisciplinary *** an enlighting conversation with Light:Science&Applications,*** May Lau,a pioneer in photonics research,shares her deep insights on the evolution of technologies of LEDs,lasers,challenges of hetero-epitaxy,and the future of micro-LEDs and quantum dot *** honored as a member of the US National Academy of Engineering(NAE)for her significant contributions to photonics and electronics using III-V semiconductors on silicon,*** stands out as the sole Hong Kong scholar inducted into the NAE this year,joining 114 new and 21 international *** this exclusive Light People interview,*** shares her journey as a pioneering woman in engineering,her commitment to mentorship and academia,and her perspective on advancing female representation in *** summary provided is distilled from ***’s thoughtful responses during the *** a deeper exploration of ***’s experiences and advice,the full interview is available in the Supplementary material.

关键词： interview lighting driving

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Chemotactic nanomotor for multimodal combined therapy of glioblastoma

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第4期67卷 1277-1288页

作者： Ting Li lin Chen Yunxin Xue Xiangyu Xiao Wenjun Dai Kaiyuan Tan Tiantian Chen Yingfang Tao Chun Mao Jian Shen Mimi wan National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China

Glioblastoma(GBM) is the most aggressive malignant brain tumor. Due to the infiltration and heterogeneity of GBM, the obstruction of the blood-brain barrier(BBB) and the unique immunosuppressive mechanism, it is hard to achieve significant effects of GBM treatment. Here, a kind of chemotactic nanomotor that loaded with glucose oxidase(GOx) and carboxylated cisplatin(Pt(IV)) prodrug on the L-arginine-derived polymer is proposed. The nanomotors are driven by catalysis of glucose decomposition and the positive chemotaxis towards the GBM microenvironment where inducible nitric oxide synthase and reactive oxygen species are highly expressed. This facilitates the BBB crossing and GBM targeting of the nanomotors. In addition, the released nitric oxide(NO) during propulsion as well as the loaded GOx and Pt(IV) can exert combined NO/starvation/chemotherapy. Meanwhile, it is able to induce and enhance the immune response through multiple pathways, thus better coping with the complexities of GBM treatment.

关键词： chemotaxis combined therapy glioblastoma nanomotors

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