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Nutritional Status of Mothers and Its Determinants in Alemtidad Area, Khartoum

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第22期5卷 2203-2208页

作者： waled amen mohammed ahmed Eiman Abdalla ahmed Khalid Ahmad Omar Arafa Ehab Ibrahim Salih El-Amin Ziad M. Alostaz Khalid Eltahir Khalid Nursing Department Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences Albaha University Al Bahah Saudi Arabia Altaiseer Medical Complex Khartoum Sudan Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences Albaha University Al Bahah Saudi Arabia Basic Sciences Department Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences Albaha University Al Bahah Saudi Arabia Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences Albaha University Al Bahah Saudi Arabia

Background: Nutritional status of mothers is considered one of the major problems facing mothers in the world. The nutrition plays a major role in mothers and child health. Objective: This study aims to assess mothers’ nutritional status and its determinants in Alemtidad area, Khartoum. Methods: A descriptive community based survey was conducted in the Alemtidad area of Khartoum between November 2012 and December 2012. One hundred and eighty mothers were selected by simple randomization. Data were collected by using structured designed questionnaire which was then analyzed by (SPSS) program version 20. Results: The study conducted among mothers in Alemtidad area;their age ranged between 19 and 86 years with the mean age 38 ± 12 years. From those mothers about half were unemployed, and having mainly primary and secondary educational level. 81.1% of mothers were not able to select the proper food according to age and nutrients and about 71.1% of mothers took two meals per day and 23.3% one meals per day, and only 5.6 take three meals per day. The Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated to measure the nutrition status of mothers;this study shows that mothers in Alemtidad are mainly overweight and obese, 45.6% and 18% respectively and only 35% within normal range of Body Mass Index (BMI). Conclusion: The study concludes that mothers are either overweight or obese (45.6%, 17.7% respectively). Compared to national and international statistics the findings of this study reflect high Body Mass Index (BMI) of mothers in Alemtidad.

关键词： Nutritional Status Determinant of Nutritional Status Food Consumption Mothers

Kaoline-based catalyst for a high stability desulfurization of sour heavy naphtha in a three-phase oscillatory baffled reactor

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 249-260页

作者： Hassan M.Hmood Saba A.Gheni Safaa M.R.ahmed Mudheher M.Ali Hamid Yonis Saleh mohammed H.mohammed Awad E.mohammed Marwan A.Mahomood Hiba R.mohammed ahmed A.Hassan Adam Harvey North Refineries Company Ministry of OilIraq Chemical Engineering Department Tikrit UniversityIraq Ministry of Oil Iraq AL-Hawija Technical Institute Northern Technical UniversityMoselIraq School of Engineering Newcastle UniversityUK

To meet the rapidly increasing demand for energy and the dramatic depletion of conventional crude oil,it is imperative to utilize sour *** no coke being produced,oxidative desulfurization(ODS)of naphtha lowers its sulfur content and average molecular *** this article,we outline a method for heavy naphtha non-extractive ODS using a very stable *** technique involves the use of a solid catalyst with oxygen gas as the *** necessitated relatively high mixing intensities;hence a three-phase Oscillatory Baffled Reactor(OBR)was *** catalyst was based on the zeolite ZSM-5,prepared from natural kaolin by a series of delamination and activation steps and impregnated with Fe.A TiO2 nanolayer was applied,using the sol-gel method,to prevent rapid *** reactor performance was evaluated to minimize the sulfur content in the naphtha *** to the protective coating,the sulfur conversion stabilized at 90%.The results of this work establish the use of natural clay-based catalysts in a continuous,three-phase ODS,particularly with regard to proving long-term *** also showed that modest ODS can be achieved using an environmentally friendly oxidant,at mild operating conditions,whilst maintaining stability.

关键词： Natural kaoline Desulfurization Three-phase Oscillatory baffled reactor

Effectiveness of external prestressing in enhancing the non-ductile hanger failure mechanism in reinforced concrete inverted T-beams

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 1050-1065页

作者： ahmed M.ATTA Reda N.BEHIRY mohammed I.HARAZ Structural Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringTanta UniversityTanta 33511Egypt Nile Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology Mansoura 11001Egypt

Recently,inverted T-beams have been used in reinforced concrete(RC)bridges to support transverse precast *** T-beams,contrary to practice with conventional beams,are loaded on the flanges upper *** loading configuration causes hanger failure due to the generation of vertical tensile stresses near the bottom of the *** key purpose of this study is to investigate the efficiency of vertical external prestressing stainless-steel bars in mitigating non-ductile hanger failure in reinforced concrete inverted *** experimental study on six inverted-T beams,including two un-strengthened specimens,was carried *** study showed that the value of the prestressing level had a considerable impact on the performance of hanger mechanism in relation to crack pattern,ultimate loads,cracking behavior,load-deflection,strains,and *** experimental results indicated that the suggested method for strengthening inverted T-beams had efficacy in reducing the seriousness of the non-ductile hanger failure and resulted in a strength increase of up to 53% when compared to that of the un-strengthened ***,two analytical models for estimating the hanger capacity and the average crack width of the strengthened RC inverted T-beams were *** models that were proposed exhibited a high degree of agreement with the experimental results.

关键词： RC bridges inverted T-beams strengthening hanger failure external prestressing

Catalytic Effect of Transition Metal Complexes of Triaminoguanidine on the Thermolysis of Energetic NC/DEGDN Composite

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火炸药学报 2024年第3期47卷 209-219,I0003页

作者： mohammed Dourari ahmed Fouzi Tarchoun Djalal Trache Amir Abdelaziz Roufaida Tiliouine Tessnim Barkat Weiqiang Pang Energetic Materials Laboratory(EMLab) Teaching and Research Unit of Energetic ProcessesEcole Militaire PolytechniqueBP 17Bordj El-Bahri16046AlgiersAlgeria Xi′an Modern Chemistry Research Institute Xi′an 710065China

The transition metal complexes of triaminoguanidine(TAG-M,where M=Cobalt(Co)or Iron(Fe))have been *** catalytic effect of these complexes on the thermolysis of energetic composite based on nitrocellulose and diethylene glycol dinitrate,has been *** characterization of the resulting energetic composites was carried out using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC).Isoconversional kinetic analysis was performed to determine the Arrhenius parameters associated with the thermolysis of the elaborated energetic *** is found that TAG-M complexes have strong catalytic effect on the thermo-kinetic decomposition of NC/DEGDN by decreasing the apparent activation energy and significantly increased the total heat *** models that govern the decomposition processes are also studied,and it is revealed that different reaction processes are accomplished by introduction metal complexes of ***,this study serves as a valuable reference for future research focused on the investigation of catalytic combustion features of solid propellants.

关键词： triaminoguanidine transition metal complexes nitrocellulose diethylene glycol dinitrate catalytic effect

Impact of auditory stimulation nursing protocol on auditory response in cerebrovascular stroke patients

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Journal of Integrative Nursing 2024年第2期6卷 111-116页

作者： mohammed ElSayed ZAKY Hanan ahmed AL SEBAEE Nagat El Morsy IBRAHIEM Heba ahmed mohammed Mohammad Edrees MOHAMMAD Department of Medical Surgical Nursing Faculty of NursingCairo UniversityCairoEgypt Department of Neurology Faculty of MedicineCairo UniversityCairoEgypt

Objectives:The objective of the study was to explore the impact of auditory stimulation protocol on auditory response in cerebrovascular stroke(CVS)*** and Methods:A pre-posttest nonequivalent control group quasi-experimental study was conducted at Al Mainal Hospital at Al Kars Einy Hospital,Cairo University,among 60 CVS patients,and the sample was randomly assigned through a coin to allocate subjects to study or control group(30 for each group).Auditory stimulation techniques were applied three times per week for the study group for two consecutive *** in the control group received only routine hospital care during the study *** Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS)score for assessing the neurological function and level of arousal and the auditory subscale score of Western Neuro Sensory Stimulation Profile(WNSSP)for assessing auditory response were recorded and compared between the two groups before and after the ***:There were statistically significant differences between the study group and the control group regarding third reading of GCS score(11.5±0.3 vs.10.6±0.9,t=4.676,P=0.000).The scores of all auditory subscales of WNSSP in the study groups increased after implementing the auditory stimulation protocol(P<0.05).Conclusion:Utilizing the auditory stimulation protocol by nurse proves to be an effective method for enhancing hearing responses in individuals with CVS.

关键词： Auditory stimulation techniques hearing response nursing management stroke

RPL-Based IoT Networks under Decreased Rank Attack:Performance Analysis in Static and Mobile Environments

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 227-247页

作者： Amal Hkiri Mouna Karmani Omar Ben Bahri ahmed mohammed Murayr Fawaz Hassan Alasmari Mohsen Machhout Physic Department Electronics and Micro-Electronics LaboratoryFaculty of Sciences of MonastirMonastir5000Tunisia Department of Science and Technology College of RanyahTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia

The RPL(IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks)protocol is essential for efficient communi-cation within the Internet of Things(IoT)*** its significance,RPL’s susceptibility to attacks remains a *** paper presents a comprehensive simulation-based analysis of the RPL protocol’s vulnerability to the decreased rank attack in both static andmobilenetwork *** employ the Random Direction Mobility Model(RDM)for mobile scenarios within the Cooja *** systematic evaluation focuses on critical performance metrics,including Packet Delivery Ratio(PDR),Average End to End Delay(AE2ED),throughput,Expected Transmission Count(ETX),and Average Power Consumption(APC).Our findings illuminate the disruptive impact of this attack on the routing hierarchy,resulting in decreased PDR and throughput,increased AE2ED,ETX,and *** results underscore the urgent need for robust security measures to protect RPL-based IoT ***,our study emphasizes the exacerbated impact of the attack in mobile scenarios,highlighting the evolving security requirements of IoT networks.

关键词： RPL decreased rank attacks mobility random direction model

Phishing Attacks Detection Using EnsembleMachine Learning Algorithms

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 1325-1345页

作者： Nisreen Innab ahmed Abdelgader Fadol Osman mohammed Awad mohammed Ataelfadiel Marwan Abu-Zanona Bassam Mohammad Elzaghmouri Farah H.Zawaideh Mouiad Fadeil Alawneh Department of Computer Science and Information Systems College of Applied SciencesAlmaarefa UniversityDiriyahRiyadh13713Saudi Arabia Applied College King Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Management Information Systems College of Business AdministrationKing Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyJerash UniversityJerash26110Jordan Department of Business Intelligence and Data Analysis Faculty of Financial Sciences and BusinessIrbid National UniversityIrbid21110Jordan Faculty of Information Technology Ajloun National UniversityAjloun26767Jordan

Phishing,an Internet fraudwhere individuals are deceived into revealing critical personal and account information,poses a significant risk to both consumers and web-based *** indicates a persistent rise in phishing ***,these fraudulent schemes are progressively becoming more intricate,thereby rendering them more challenging to ***,it is imperative to utilize sophisticated algorithms to address this *** learning is a highly effective approach for identifying and uncovering these harmful *** learning(ML)approaches can identify common characteristics in most phishing *** this paper,we propose an ensemble approach and compare it with six machine learning techniques to determine the type of website and whether it is normal or not based on two phishing *** that,we used the normalization technique on the dataset to transform the range of all the features into the same *** findings of this paper for all algorithms are as follows in the first dataset based on accuracy,precision,recall,and F1-score,respectively:Decision Tree(DT)(0.964,0.961,0.976,0.968),Random Forest(RF)(0.970,0.964,0.984,0.974),Gradient Boosting(GB)(0.960,0.959,0.971,0.965),XGBoost(XGB)(0.973,0.976,0.976,0.976),AdaBoost(0.934,0.934,0.950,0.942),Multi Layer Perceptron(MLP)(0.970,0.971,0.976,0.974)and Voting(0.978,0.975,0.987,0.981).So,the Voting classifier gave the best *** in the second dataset,all the algorithms gave the same results in four evaluation metrics,which indicates that each of them can effectively accomplish the prediction ***,this approach outperformed the previous work in detecting phishing websites with high accuracy,a lower false negative rate,a shorter prediction time,and a lower false positive rate.

关键词： Social engineering attacks phishing attacks machine learning security artificial intelligence

Pervasiveness of microplastics in the gastrointestinal tract of some selected fish species from Turag River alongside the capital city of Bangladesh

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第3期10卷 77-85页

作者： HM Shahnewaz Khan Jabed Hasan mohammed Manik Murad ahmed Farukh Md Shahjahan Department of Environmental Science Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh2202Bangladesh Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology Department of Fisheries ManagementBangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh2202Bangladesh

Microplastics(MPs)are synthetic contaminants that have received global attention due to their ubiquitous occurrence,extreme durability,and capacity to harm ecosystems and human *** study investigated the occurrence of MPs in three fish species(Channa striata,Puntius sophore and Anabas testudineus)collected from two locations(Ashulia Bridge and Mirpur Road)of the Turag River,which flows alongside the Dhaka city,*** abundance(items/individuals)was highest in Channa striata(3.8±0.6)from the Ashulia Bridge area and lowest in Puntius sophore(1.8±0.4)from the Mirpur Road *** was found to be the most dominant(89e93%)form of MPs followed by fragments(21 e35%),films(0e26%)and foams(0e5%).The dominant color of MPs was blue(69e83%),then red(20 e33%),black(11e14%),green(8e20%),and purple(6e8%).The majority(56e71%)of the MPs assessed were<0.5 mm in size,followed by 0.5e1.0 mm(29e33%)and 1e5 mm(38e53%).ATR-FTIR examination revealed three specific polymer varieties-PP(40%),PS(30%)and LDPE(30%).The results of this study provided a baseline of MPs pollution in one of the major protein sources freshwater fishes and raised concern on public health particularly who consume fishes from the urban waterways.

关键词： Microplastics Polymer Bangladesh Turag river ATR-FTIR

Surface morphology and cell viability of samarium(Ⅲ) oxide/chromium(Ⅲ) oxide/graphene oxide/polycaprolactone targeting wound dressing

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 555-561,I0005页

作者： Muteb H.Alshammari ahmed Onayzan Alshammari Mohamed Tharwat Elabbasy Rafat Zreiq Faris mohammed Albati M.A.El-Morsy A.A.Menazea Department of Health Informatics College of Public Health and Health InformaticsUniversity of Ha'ilHa'ilSaudi Arabia Department of Surgery College of MedicineUniversity of Ha'ilHa'ilSaudi Arabia Department of Public Health College of Public Health and HealthInformaticsHalUniversityHa'il2440Saudi Arabi Food Control Department Faculty of Veterinary MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazig44519Egypt Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private UniversityAmman541350Jordan College of Shariah and Law Ha'il UniversityHa'il2440Saudi Arabia College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj Physics DepartmentPlasma Technology and Material Science UnitPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-kharj11942Saudi Arabia Physics Department Faculty of ScienceUniversity of DamittaNew Damietta34517.Egyp Spectroscopy Department Physics Research InstituteNational Research CentreDokki12622GizaEgypt

Combinations of metal and lanthanide oxides have been done through casted films for potential medical applications. In this regard, samarium(Ⅲ) oxide/chromium(Ⅲ) oxide/graphene oxide(GO)/polycaprolactone(PCL) based films nano-composites(NCs) were fabricated, pointing their utilization as a biological scaffold for wound dressing purposes. Also, samarium(Ⅲ) oxide and chromium(Ⅲ) oxide have been merged as promising optical constituents due to their unique optical behavior. The structural and compositional examination of the studied NCs was executed by X-ray diffraction(XRD), Raman, and field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM). The Sm_(2)O_(3)/Cr_(2)O_(3)/GO/PCL NC exhibits a surface with a lower roughness degree owing to the presence of GO. Cr_(2)O_(3)shows size reduction upon GO insertion to reach 1.2 μm as the average grain size, whilst Sm_(2)O_(3)records an average grain size of less than 1 μm. As well, the polymeric nano-compositions exhibit variation in contact angle values that hit 29.76°± 3.52°for Sm_(2)O_(3)/PCL, and 48.62°± 1.37°for Sm_(2)O_(3)/Cr_(2)O_(3)/GO/PCL as the second lowest contact angle. The optical behavior contributes to absorption edge relocation along the x-axis from 1.7 eV for pure PCL, to 2.65 eV for Sm_(2)O_(3)/Cr_(2)O_(3)/GO/PCL. Regarding biological responses, the cell exposed to 2.5 μg/m L of Sm_(2)O_(3)/Cr_(2)O_(3)/GO/PCL shows cell viability of 119.31%, while 5 μg/m L hits 99.6%. Additionally, the resulting cell attachment micrographs show layers of fibroblast tissue, besides the proliferation and growth of cultivated cells. Thus, the Sm_(2)O_(3)/Cr_(2)O_(3)/GO/PCL scaffold provides 3D proliferation of fibroblast cells endorsing the wound healing process.

关键词： Wound healing Wound dressing Polycaprolactone Sm_(2)O_(3) Cr_(2)O_(3) Rare earths