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Microcurvature landscapes induce neural stem cell polarity and enhance neural differentiation

Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2023年第5期6卷 522-535页

作者： Ho-Yin Yuen wai-sze yip Suet To Xin Zhao Department of Biomedical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SARChina State Key Laboratory of Ultra-Precision Machining Technology Department of Industrial and Systems EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong SARChina

Tissue curvature has long been recognized as an important anatomical parameter that affects intracellular behaviors,and there is emerging interest in applying cell-scale curvature as a designer property to drive cell fates for tissue engineering *** neural cells are known to undergo dramatic and terminal morphological changes during development and curvature-limiting behaviors have been demonstrated in neurite outgrowth studies,there are still crucial gaps in understanding neural cell behaviors,particularly in the context of a three-dimensional(3D)curvature landscape similar to an actual tissue engineering *** this study,we fabricated two substrates of microcurvature(curvature-substrates)that present a smooth and repeating landscape with focuses of either a concave or a convex *** these curvature-substrates,we studied the properties of morphological differentiation in N2a neuroblastoma *** contrast to other studies where two-dimensional(2D)curvature was demonstrated to limit neurite outgrowth,we found that both the concave and convex substrates acted as continuous and uniform mechanical protrusions that significantly enhanced neural polarity and differentiation with few morphological changes in the main cell *** enhanced differentiation was manifested in various properties,including increased neurite length,increased nuclear displacement,and upregulation of various neural *** demonstrating how the micron-scale curvature landscape induces neuronal polarity,we provide further insights into the design of biomaterials utilizing the influence of surface curvature in neural tissue engineering.

关键词： Curvature Neural differentiation Neurite outgrowth Mechanotransduction

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Experimental Investigation of the Micro-Milling of Additively Manufactured Titanium Alloys:Selective Laser Melting and Wrought Ti6Al4V

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第6期37卷 90-102页

作者： Muhammad Rehan Tao He Ahmed KKhalil Danish Tahir wai sze yip Sandy Suet To State Key Laboratory of Ultra‑precision Machining Technology Department of Industrial and Systems EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina Production Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringHelwan UniversityCairoEgypt School of Fashion and Textile The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina

In recent years,additive manufacturing(AM)has gained popularity in the aerospace,automobile,and medical industries due to its ability to produce complex profiles with minimal ***-milling is recommended for machining AM-based parts to improve surface quality and form ***,the machinability of a titanium alloy(Ti6Al4V)manufactured using selective laser melting(SLM)is explored and compared to that of wrought Ti6Al4V in *** experimental results reveal the surface topology,chip morphology,burr formation,and tool wear characteristics of both *** micro-milling of AM-based Ti6Al4V generates a surface roughness of 19.2 nm,which is 13.9%lower than that of wrought workpieces,and this component exhibits less tool ***-based Ti6Al4V produces continuous chips,while wrought Ti6Al4V yields relatively short ***,SLM-fabricated Ti6Al4V exhibits smaller burrs after micro-milling than wrought *** the higher hardness of SLM-based Ti6Al4V,it demonstrates better machinability than wrought Ti6Al4V,resulting in better surface quality with lower tool wear levels and shorter burr *** study provides valuable insights into future research on postprocessing AM-based titanium parts,especially using micro-milling.

关键词： Micro-milling Additive manufacturing Titanium alloys Surface morphologies Chip morphology

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3D printing for ultra-precision machining:current status,opportunities,and future perspectives

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第4期19卷 1-28页

作者： Tao HE wai sze yip Edward Hengzhou YAN Jiuxing TANG Muhammad REHAN Long TENG Chi Ho WONG Linhe SUN Baolong ZHANG Feng GUO Shaohe ZHANG Suet TO State Key Laboratory of Ultra-precision Machining Technology Department of Industrial and Systems EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Physics The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina School of Geosciences and Info-Physics Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

Additive manufacturing,particularly 3D printing,has revolutionized the manufacturing industry by allowing the production of complex and intricate parts at a lower cost and with greater ***,3D-printed parts frequently require post-processing or integration with other machining technologies to achieve the desired surface finish,accuracy,and mechanical ***-precision machining(UPM)is a potential machining technology that addresses these challenges by enabling high surface quality,accuracy,and repeatability in 3D-printed *** study provides an overview of the current state of UPM for 3D printing,including the current UPM and 3D printing stages,and the application of UPM to 3D *** the presentation of current stage perspectives,this study presents a detailed discussion of the benefits of combining UPM with 3D printing and the opportunities for leveraging UPM on 3D printing or supporting each *** particular,future opportunities focus on cutting tools manufactured via 3D printing for UPM,UPM of 3D-printed components for real-world applications,and post-machining of 3D-printed ***,future prospects for integrating the two advanced manufacturing technologies into potential industries are *** study concludes that UPM is a promising technology for 3D-printed components,exhibiting the potential to improve the functionality and performance of 3D-printed products in various *** also discusses how UPM and 3D printing can complement each other.

关键词： ultra-precision machining 3D printing additive manufacturing future perspectives start-of-the-art-review

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Experimental Investigation of the Micro-Milling of Additively Manufactured Titanium Alloys: Selective Laser Melting and Wrought Ti6Al4V

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第6期 115-127页

作者： Muhammad Rehan Tao He Ahmed K.Khalil Danish Tahir wai sze yip Sandy Suet To State Key Laboratory of Ultra-precision Machining Technology Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Production Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Helwan University School of Fashion and Textile The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

In recent years, additive manufacturing(AM) has gained popularity in the aerospace, automobile, and medical industries due to its ability to produce complex profiles with minimal tolerances. Micro-milling is recommended for machining AM-based parts to improve surface quality and form accuracy. Therefore, the machinability of a titanium alloy(Ti6Al4V) manufactured using selective laser melting(SLM) is explored and compared to that of wrought Ti6Al4V in micro-milling. The experimental results reveal the surface topology, chip morphology, burr formation,and tool wear characteristics of both samples. The micro-milling of AM-based Ti6Al4V generates a surface roughness of 19.2 nm, which is 13.9% lower than that of wrought workpieces, and this component exhibits less tool ***-based Ti6Al4V produces continuous chips, while wrought Ti6Al4V yields relatively short chips. Additionally,SLM-fabricated Ti6Al4V exhibits smaller burrs after micro-milling than wrought Ti6Al4V. Despite the higher hardness of SLM-based Ti6Al4V, it demonstrates better machinability than wrought Ti6Al4V, resulting in better surface quality with lower tool wear levels and shorter burr heights. This study provides valuable insights into future research on postprocessing AM-based titanium parts, especially using micro-milling.

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Genome of tropical bed bug Cimex hemipterus(Cimicidae,Hemiptera)reveals tetraspanin expanded in bed bug ancestor

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Insect Science 2025年第1期32卷 42-54页

作者： Sean Tsz Sum Law Wenyan Nong Chade Li Tze Kiu Chong Ho Yin yip Thomas Swale Siu wai Chiu Roger Yat-Nork Chung Hon-Ming Lam Samuel Y.S.Wong Hung Wong Jerome H.L.Hui School of Life Sciences Simon F.S.Li Marine Science LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of AgrobiotechnologyInstitute of EnvironmentEnergy and SustainabilityThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Dovetail Genomics The United States of America School of Life Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health and Primary Care CUHK Institute of Health EquityThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Life Sciences State Key Laboratory of AgrobiotechnologyInstitute of EnvironmentEnergy and SustainabilityThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Social Work CUHK Institute of Health EquityInstitute of EnvironmentEnergy and SustainabilityThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Cimex species are ectoparasites that exclusively feed on warm-blooded animals such as birds and *** cimicid species are known to be persistent pests for humans,including the tropical bed bug Cimex hemipterus,common bed bug Cimex lectularius,and Eastern bat bug Leptocimex *** date,genomic information is restricted to the common bed bug ***,which limits understanding their biology and to provide controls of bed bug ***,a chromosomal-level genome assembly of ***(495 Mb[megabase pairs])contained on 16 pseudochromosomes(scaffold N50=34 Mb),together with 9 messenger RNA and small RNA transcriptomes were *** comparison between hemipteran genomes,we found that the tetraspanin superfamily was expanded in the Cimex *** study provides the first genome assembly for the tropical bed bug ***,and offers an unprecedented opportunity to address questions relating to bed bug infestations,as well as genomic evolution to hemipterans more widely.

关键词： bedbug genome microRNA sesquiterpenoid tetraspanin

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Advancing Nitinol: From heat treatment to surface functionalization for nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments in endodontics

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第4期22卷 91-111页

作者： wai-sze Chan Karan Gulati Ove APeters The University of Queensland School of DentistryHerstonQLD4006Australia

Nickel-titanium(NiTi)alloy has been extensively researched in endodontics,particularly in cleaning and shaping the root canal *** advances have primarily focused on the design,shape,and geometry of the NiTi files as well as metallurgy and mechanical *** far,extensive investigations have been made surrounding surface and thermomechanical treatments,however,limited work has been done in the realm of surface functionalization to augment its performance in *** review summarizes the unique characteristics,current use,and latest developments in thermomechanically treated NiTi endodontic *** discusses recent improvements in nano-engineering and the possibility of customizing the NiTi file surface for added *** clinical translation of this technology has yet to be fully realized,future research direction will lie in the use of nanotechnology.

关键词： Nitinol Endodontics Nickel Titanium Nanostructures

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Prognostic factors of survival and a new scoring system for liver resection of colorectal liver metastasis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第1期14卷 209-223页

作者： Kai-Chi Cheng Ada sze-Man yip Department of Surgery Kwong Wah HospitalHong KongChina

BACKGROUND Hepatic resection has become the preferred treatment of choice for colorectal liver metastasis(CLM)*** To identify the prognostic factors and to formulate a new scoring system for management of *** Clinicopathologic and long-term survival data were analyzed to identify the significant predictors of survival by univariate and multivariate analyses with the Cox model.A clinical score was constructed based on the analysis *** Three factors of worse overall survival were identified in the multivariate *** were number of liver metastases≥5,size of the largest liver lesion≥4 cm,and the presence of nodal metastasis from the primary *** three factors were chosen as criteria for a clinical risk score for overall *** clinical score highly correlated with median overall survival and 5-year survival(P=0.002).CONCLUSION Priority over surgical resection should be given to the lowest score groups,and alternative oncological treatment should be considered in patients with the highest score.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Liver metastasis Liver resection Long-term outcome Overall survival Disease-free survival Prognosis Score

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Overview of methodologies and statistical strategies in observational studies and meta-analyses on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B on entecavir or tenofovir therapy

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Hepatoma Research 2022年第1期8卷 143-156页

作者： Terry Cheuk-Fung yip Vincent wai-Sun Wong Mandy sze-Man Lai Vicki Wing-Ki Hui Yee-KitTse Grace Lai-Hung Wong Medical Data Analytics Centre Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Medicine and Therapeutics 9/F Lui Che Woo Clinical Sciences BuildingPrince of Wales Hospital30-32 Ngan Shing StreetShatinHong KongChina Institute of Digestive Disease The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Entecavir(ETV)and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate(TDF)are first-line antiviral therapies for patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB)and reduce the risk of disease progression and liver-related complications,as well as improve survival by effectively suppressing viral ***,since the first publication in 2019 on a lower risk of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in Korean patients receiving TDF than those receiving ETV,the topic has remained a hot and unsettled *** studies and meta-analyses have yielded conflicting *** HCC takes time to develop,studies are mainly observational to benefit from a larger sample size and longer follow-up that provides a higher statistical power to compare the two ***,TDF was available to CHB patients a few years later than ETV in most countries,thus leading to a difference in follow-up ***,despite studying the same topic,the difference in data sources and available parameters,inclusion and exclusion criteria,and use of statistical methods complicated the interpretation and comparison of the findings and contributed to between-study heterogeneity in *** review describes some caveats in interpreting and comparing the results from these observational studies and *** studies should explore better designed observational studies with high-quality data sources,and aggregation of patient data in metaanalysis to tackle between-study heterogeneity.

关键词： Bias confounding hepatitis B virus hepatocellular carcinoma liver cancer nucleos(t)ide analogues propensity score

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X-reality for phantom limb management for amputees:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Engineered Regeneration 2023年第2期4卷 134-151页

作者： James Chung-wai Cheung Daphne sze Ki Cheung Ming Ni Kam-wai Chen Ye-Jiao Mao Lin Feng Wing-Kai Lam Duo wai-Chi Wong Aaron Kam-Lun Leung Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina School of Nursing The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Orthopaedics Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Prosthetics and Orthotics Queen Mary HospitalHong KongChina Sports Information and External Affairs Centre Hong Kong Sports InstituteHong KongChina Research Institute for Sports Science and Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Rehabilitation Science The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

Phantom limb is a disabling neuropsychiatric condition among amputees resulting in pain and disturbance that impact their functions,quality of life,and *** pharmacological approaches appeared to be ineffec-tive,the emergence and integration of X-reality,including virtual reality,augmented reality,and mixed reality,might elevate the effectiveness of mirror therapy in managing phantom *** objective of this study is to review X-reality for managing phantom pain.A systematic search was conducted on PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science,PsycINFO,Embase,and ***(n=16)studies containing 66 lower-limb and 53 upper-limb amputees were included for the review over the thematic framework of amputee characteristics and intervention designs,while thirteen(n=13)studies were further proceeded for the *** found eleven studies on virtual reality(n=11),four studies on marker-based augmented reality(n=4)and one study on mixed reality(n=1)with a total of 40 game/task themes involving,motor skills,motor control,and ***,all these interventions adopted the movement representation strategies with different ***,the X-reality interventions reduced the pain level of the amputees(mean difference:-2.30,95%CI,-3.38 to-1.22),especially the virtual reality subgroup(mean difference:-2.83,95%CI,-4.43 to-1.22).However,there were substantial heterogeneity and partially explained by the subgroup analysis on publication *** strength of evidence was limited by case reports and case series in this review.

关键词： Extended reality Limb telescoping Phantom pain Phantom sensation

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APACHE system is better than Ranson system in the prediction of severity of acute pancreatitis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2006年第2期5卷 294-299页

作者： Yuk Pang Yeung Billy Yeung Kit Lam Andrew wai Chun yip Department ot Surgery Kwong Wah Hospital 25 Waterloo Road Kowloon Hong Kong China

BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that addition of obesity score to the APACHE-Ⅱ system can lead to more accurate prediction of severity of acute pancreatitis. However there is scanty information on the usefulness of the combined APACHE-O scoring system in Asian patients. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of Ranson, APACHE-Ⅱ and APACHE-O systems in assessing severity of acute pancreatitis in a local Chinese population. METHODS: One hundred and one consecutive patients with acute pancreatitis were prospectively studied. Body mass index (BMI) was measured on admission. Ranson score, APACHE-Ⅱ and APACHE-O scores were recorded on admission and at 48 hours. By adopting the cut-off levels and definitions advocated in the Atlanta consensus for severe disease, the diagnostic accuracy of the three scoring systems was compared by the area under the curve (AUC) under the receiver operator characteristic curve. RESULTS: Of the 101 patients, 12 (11.9%) patients suffered from severe pancreatitis. Obesity was uncommon and only two patients (2.0%) had BMI >30. Eighty-two (81.2%) patients were normal weight (BMI≤25) whereas 17 (16.8%) were overweight ( BMI 25-30 ). Overweight or obesity (BMI >25) was not associated with severe pancreatitis (P= 0.40). The AUC for admission scores of Ranson, APACHE-Ⅱ, and APACHE-O systems was 0. 549, 0. 904 and 0. 904, respectively. The AUC for 48-hour scores of Ranson, APACHE-Ⅱ and APACHE-O systems was 0.808, 0.955 and 0.951, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The APACHE-Ⅱ scoring system is more accurate than the Ranson scoring system of the prediction of severity in acute pancreatitis. Addition of obesity score does not significantly improve the predictive accuracy of the APACHE-Ⅱ system in our local population with a low prevalence of obesity.

关键词： acute pancreatitis APACHE-Ⅱ score APACHE-O score disease severity Ranson score

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