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Individual and combined toxic effects of cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos on earthworm

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第4期23卷 676-680页

作者： Shiping Zhou Changqun Duan wong Hang Gi michelle Fazhong Yang Xuehua Wang Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Use in the Southwest Mountains of China of Ministry of Education Southwest Forestry University Kunming 650224 China Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resource & School of Life Science Yunnan University Kunming 650091 China

Toxicities were assessed for a pyrethroid （cypermethrin） and an organophosphate insecticide （chlorpyrifos） individually and in combination. A series of tests were conducted on different responses （acute, chronic, behavioral） of earthworms of species Eisenia fetida andrei in the ecological risk assessment of these pesticides. The results showed that the toxicity of the mixture of cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos was significantly higher than either of these pesticides individually, especially on the earthworm’s chronic responses. At a concentration of 5 mg/kg, the mixture caused significant reductions on the growth and reproduction rates of earthworms, but did not cause any significant effect when the individual was tested. The increase in toxicity of the pesticide mixture means that the use of toxicity data obtained exclusively from single-pesticide experiments may underestimate the ecological risk of pesticides that actually present in the field.

关键词： earthworms pesticide combined effects cypermethrin chlorpyrifos

HIV,HCV,and HBV Co-Infections in a Rural Area of Shanxi Province with a History of Commercial Blood Donation

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2011年第3期24卷 207-213页

作者： DONG RuiLing QIAO Xiao Chun JIA WangQian wong michelle QIAN HanZhu ZHENG XiWen XING WenGe LAI ShengHan WU ZhengLai JIANG Yan WANG Ning Shenzhen International Travel Health Care Center Shenzhen 518033 Guangdong China National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 102206 China Shanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Taiyuan 030012 Shanxi China Wenxi County Center for Disease Control and Prevention Wenxi 043800 Shanxi China School of Medicine Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA Johns Hopkins Medical School New York USA Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100005 China

Background： Unhygienic blood collection in the early 1990s led to blood-borne infections in Central China. This study aimed to estimate human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） co-infection with hepatitis C and B viruses （HCV and HBV） and their risk factors in a rural area of Shanxi Province with a history of commercial blood donation. Methods： A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2004. All adult residents in the target area were invited to participate in the study. Face-to-face interviews were completed and blood specimens were tested for HIV, HCV, and HBV surface antigen （HBsAg）. Results： Prevalence rates of HIV, HCV, and HBsAg were 1.3% （40/3 062）, 12.7% （389/3 062）, and 3.5% （103/2982）, respectively. Of the 40 HIV-positive specimens, 85% were HCV positive and 2.5% were HBsAg positive. The history of commercial blood donation was positively associated with HIV, HCV, and HIV/HCV co-infections, but was negatively associated with HBsAg seropositivity. Migration for employment in the last 5 years was positively related to HIV, HBsAg, and HIV/HCV co-infections. Univariate logistic analysis showed that illegal drug use, number of sex partners, extramarital sex behavior, commercial sex behavior, and condom use rate were not related to anti-HIV, anti-HCV, HBsAg seropositivity or their co-infections. Conclusion： The history of commercial blood donation was the main risk factor for HIV, HCV, and HIV/HCV co-infections in this former commercial blood donation area. HIV and HCV prevention and treatment interventions are important in this area.

关键词： Human immunodeficiency Virus Co-infections Hepatitis C Virus Hepatitis B Virus SurfaceAntigen Commercial Blood Donation

Crosstalk between degradation and bioenergetics: how autophagy and endolysosomal processes regulate energy production

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 671-681页

作者： Angelid Pabon Jagannatham Naidu Bhupana Ching-On wong Department of Biological Sciences Rutgers UniversityNewarkNJUSA

Cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to adapt to changes in nutrient availability, cellular activity, and transitions in cell states. The balance between glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration is crucial for energy production, and metabolic reprogramming stipulates a shift in such balance to optimize both bioenergetic efficiency and anabolic requirements. Failure in switching bioenergetic dependence can lead to maladaptation and pathogenesis. While cellular degradation is known to recycle precursor molecules for anabolism, its potential role in regulating energy production remains less explored. The bioenergetic switch between glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration involves transcription factors and organelle homeostasis, which are both regulated by the cellular degradation pathways. A growing body of studies has demonstrated that both stem cells and differentiated cells exhibit bioenergetic switch upon perturbations of autophagic activity or endolysosomal processes. Here, we highlighted the current understanding of the interplay between degradation processes, specifically autophagy and endolysosomes, transcription factors, endolysosomal signaling, and mitochondrial homeostasis in shaping cellular bioenergetics. This review aims to summarize the relationship between degradation processes and bioenergetics, providing a foundation for future research to unveil deeper mechanistic insights into bioenergetic regulation.

关键词： autophagy bioenergetics endolysosome energy production glycolysis metabolic reprogramming mitochondria

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跨国公司如何削减采购成本

中欧商业评论 2019年第1期 30-35页

作者：林莲云黄敏珊全球化专业咨询公司

对家企业来说,开源节流是刻在骨子里的基因。企业往往选择在劳动力成本低的市场进行采购来节约成本。改革开放后,中国凭借较低的劳动力成本、良好的基础设施和投资者友好型的政策,成为了名副其实的“世界工厂”。这样一块大蛋糕对跨国... 详细信息

对家企业来说,开源节流是刻在骨子里的基因。企业往往选择在劳动力成本低的市场进行采购来节约成本。改革开放后,中国凭借较低的劳动力成本、良好的基础设施和投资者友好型的政策,成为了名副其实的“世界工厂”。这样一块大蛋糕对跨国企业当然极具吸引力。世纪之交,类似沃尔玛之类的大型公司国际部开始把自己的采购部直接搬到中国,之后不断完善自己在当地的采购能力以争取最优价格。而很多中型公司也纷纷向大型公司学习,我们甚至见过年收入仅几亿美元的公司也在中国建立自己的采购部门。好处当然是显而易见的,这有助于企业跟当地供应商建立更密切的关系,在供应链、制造流程发生状况时也可以快速反应,解决问题。

关键词：跨国公司采购成本劳动力成本跨国企业 “世界工厂” 大型公司采购部门开源节流

Advances in Graphene‑Based Electrode for Triboelectric Nanogenerator

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 378-403页

作者： Bin Xie Yuanhui Guo Yun Chen Hao Zhang Jiawei Xiao Maoxiang Hou Huilong Liu Li Ma Xin Chen Chingping wong State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006People’s Republic of China School of Electromechanical Engineering Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

With the continuous development of wearable electronics,wireless sensor networks and other micro-electronic devices,there is an increasingly urgent need for miniature,flexible and efficient nanopower generation *** nanogenerator(TENG)technology can convert small mechanical energy into electricity,which is expected to address this *** the core component of TENG,the choice of electrode materials significantly affects its *** metal electrode materials often suffer from problems such as durability,which limits the further application of ***,as a novel electrode material,shows excellent prospects for application in TENG owing to its unique structure and excellent electrical *** review systematically summarizes the recent research progress and application prospects of TENGs based on graphene *** precision processing methods of graphene electrodes are introduced,and the applications of graphene electrode-based TENGs in various scenarios as well as the enhancement of graphene electrodes for TENG performance are *** addition,the future development of graphene electrode-based TENGs is also prospectively discussed,aiming to promote the continuous advancement of graphene electrode-based TENGs.

关键词： Triboelectric nanogenerator Precision processing Graphene electrode Self-powered sensor

Bridging the gap:axonal fusion drives rapid functional recovery of the nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第4期13卷 591-594页

作者： Jean-Sébastien Teoh michelle Yu-Ying wong Tarika Vijayaraghavan Brent Neumann Neuroscience Program Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy and Developmental BiologyMonash University

Injuries to the central or peripheral nervous system frequently cause long-term disabilities because damaged neurons are unable to efficiently *** inherent deficiency necessitates the need for new treatment options aimed at restoring lost function to *** to humans,a number of species possess far greater regenerative capabilities,and can therefore provide important insights into how our own nervous systems can be *** particular,several invertebrate species have been shown to rapidly initiate regeneration post-injury,allowing separated axon segments to *** process,known as axonal fusion,represents a highly efficient repair mechanism as a regrowing axon needs to only bridge the site of damage and fuse with its separated counterpart in order to re-establish its original *** recent findings in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans have expanded the promise of axonal fusion by demonstrating that it can restore complete function to damaged ***,we revealed the importance of injury-induced changes in the composition of the axonal membrane for mediating axonal fusion,and discovered that the level of axonal fusion can be enhanced by promoting a neuron＇s intrinsic growth potential.A complete understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling axonal fusion may permit similar approaches to be applied in a clinical setting.

关键词： axonal fusion axon regeneration nervous system repair nerve injury phosphatidylserine functional repair axonal transport Caenorhabditis elegans

A review on current and future advancements for commercialized microalgae species

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2022年第5期11卷 1156-1170页

作者： Jia Fei wong Hui Jing Hong Su Chern Foo michelle Khai Khun Yap Ji Wei Tan School of Science Monash University MalaysiaBandar Sunway 47500Malaysia

Microalgae are unicellular photosynthetic microorganisms that are commonly found in saline or freshwater *** the years,microalgae represent promising sources of sustainable bioactivities with past literatures reflecting a growing interest in algae-based dietary supplements in the form of whole ***,the bioactive molecules that can be identified and extracted in microalgae have scientifically proven to contain therapeutic properties which can be beneficial to human *** the increasing occurrence of global health threats such as antimicrobial resistance and cancer,this has resulted in considerable attention for microalgae study especially in the medicinal *** studies have proved the therapeutic potentials of high-value bioproducts in microalgae,however,there is still room to understand their potential therapeutic properties on humans’health,discovering novel microalgae-derived bioactive compounds,as well as translating the lab-based evidence to clinical trial *** review will focus on accessing the biochemical compositions of commercialised microalgae species from 2007 to 2020,and the activity of their biologically active molecules in eliciting selected therapeutic potentials which are anti-oxidative,anti-inflammatory,anti-microbial and anti-cancer *** review article will also be looking at the research gaps in addition to the above four major selected therapeutic potentials,and future prospective.

关键词： Commercialized microalgae Antioxidant Anti-inflammation Antimicrobial Anticancer

Deep residual learning for denoising Monte Carlo renderings

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Computational Visual Media 2019年第3期5卷 239-255页

作者： Kin-Ming wong Tien-Tsin wong Artixels Hong Kong S.A.R.China Department of Computer Science and Engineering the Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong S.A.R.China

Learning-based techniques have recently been shown to be effective for denoising Monte Carlo rendering methods. However, there remains a quality gap to state-of-the-art handcrafted denoisers. In this paper, we propose a deep residual learning based method that outperforms both state-of-the-art handcrafted denoisers and learning-based *** the indirect nature of existing learning-based methods(which e.g., estimate the parameters and kernel weights of an explicit feature based filter), we directly map the noisy input pixels to the smoothed output. Using this direct mapping formulation, we demonstrate that even a simple-and-standard ResNet and three common auxiliary features(depth, normal,and albedo) are sufficient to achieve high-quality denoising. This minimal requirement on auxiliary data simplifies both training and integration of our method into most production rendering pipelines. We have evaluated our method on unseen images created by a different renderer. Consistently superior quality denoising is obtained in all cases.

关键词： Monte Carlo rendering denoising deep learning deep residual learning filter-free denoising

Answering Reachability Queries on Incrementally Updated Graphs by Hierarchical Labeling Schema

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2016年第2期31卷 381-399页

作者： Tak-Lam wong Department of Mathematics and Information Technology The Hong Kong Institute of Education Hong Kong China

We proposed a novel solution schema called the Hierarchical Labeling Schema （HLS） to answer reachability queries in directed graphs. Different from many existing approaches that focus on static directed acyclic graphs （DAGs）, our schema focuses on directed cyclic graphs （DCGs） where vertices or arcs could be added to a graph incrementally. Unlike many of the traditional approaches, HLS does not require the graph to be acyclic in constructing its index. Therefore, it could, in fact, be applied to both DAGs and DCGs. When vertices or arcs are added to a graph, the HLS is capable of updating the index incrementally instead of re-computing the index from the scratch each time, making it more efficient than many other approaches in the practice. The basic idea of HLS is to create a tree for each vertex in a graph and link the trees together so that whenever two vertices are given, we can immediately know whether there is a path between them by referring to the appropriate trees. We conducted extensive experiments on both real-world datasets and synthesized datasets. We compared the performance of HLS, in terms of index construction time, query processing time and space consumption, with two state-of-the-art methodologies, the path-tree method and the 3-hop method. We also conducted simulations to model the situation when a graph is updated incrementally. The performance comparison of different algorithms against HLS on static graphs has also been studied. Our results show that HLS is highly competitive in the practice and is particularly useful in the cases where the graphs are updated frequently.

关键词： graph indexing reachability query Hierarchical Labeling Schema (HLS) incremental update directed cyclic graph