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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2012年第1期1卷 96-103页

作者： william m.gray Department of Atmospheric Science Colorado State University

most meteorologists think of the organized tropical cloud cluster and typhoon-hurricane weather system as having a strong transverse(or’in-up-and-out’)circulation of low-level frictionally driven inflow,upward vertical motion in cloud areas,and outflow at upper tropospheric *** weather systems also have another fundamentally important circulation within them which is an additional’down-and-up’(or downdraft-andupdraft)circulation associated with evaporating downdraft motion and mass compensating condensation upward *** additional’down-and-up’circulation has yet to be fully recognized and fully *** paper emphasizes the fundamental role of this additional’down-and-up’circulation which must be added to the accepted’in-up-and-out’basis transverse circulation to obtain a full understanding of the tropical weather system’s complete vertical circulation *** by adding this additional extra’down-and-up’is it possible to make simultaneous mass,energy,and moisture budgets for this class of weather *** additional’down-and-up’(or downdraft-and-updraft)circulation is indispensible in allowing tropical systems to extract large amounts of surface energy from the oceans.

关键词： meteorologists weather cloud areas

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热带天气系统中质量辐散的日变化

气象研究与应用 1985年第4期 26-28+20页

作者： JohnL.mcbride ,william m.gray ,陈瑞闪

本文讨论西太平洋、西大西洋以及GATE区夏季热带海洋天气系统质量辐散和垂直速度的日变化,表明日变化是大的,在所有区域中都具有同样的基本特征。质量辐合的日变化是由于厚的卷云罩复盖在天气系统上,造成天气系统与周围晴空区中净辐射... 详细信息

本文讨论西太平洋、西大西洋以及GATE区夏季热带海洋天气系统质量辐散和垂直速度的日变化,表明日变化是大的,在所有区域中都具有同样的基本特征。质量辐合的日变化是由于厚的卷云罩复盖在天气系统上,造成天气系统与周围晴空区中净辐射和对流加热比率日变化不同的结果表明,辐射的作用,对于热带天气系统的调整和维持是主要的影响因素之一。

关键词：辐散辐合云团热带天气系统垂直速度对流系统日变化周期变化质量

Auxin response in Arabidopsis

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Auxin response in Arabidopsis

Detection of onset of agglomeration in a bubbling fluidized bed biomass combustor using reactive Eulerian computational fluid dynamics

ThirdCongressoftheAsian...

作者： william m.gray J.Carlos del Pozo Loni Walker Alex Cernac J.Laplaza Judy Callis mark Estelle Department of Biology Indiana UniversityBloomington IN 47405 Department of Biology Indiana UniversityBloomington IN 47405 Department of Biology Indiana UniversityBloomington IN 47405 Department of Biology Indiana UniversityBloomington IN 47405 Section of Cellular and molecular Biology University of CaliforniaDavisDavis CA 95616 Section of Cellular and molecular Biology University of CaliforniaDavisDavis CA 95616 Department of Biology Indiana UniversityBloomington IN 47405

＜正＞Genetic studies in Arabidopsis have defined several genes that mediate response to the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid （IAA or auxin）. Expression of one of these genes, AXRl, is restricted to dividing and elongating cells consistent with a role in auxin-mediated growth. AXRl is related to the ubiquitin-activating enzyme （E1）, the first step in the ubiquitin-protein conjugation pathway. However, we have demonstrated that AXRl functions together with a second protein called ECR1, to activate the ubiquitin-related protein RUB1.

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 504-515页

作者： Abdullah Tasleem Atta Ullah Fei Li Qun Yi william Nimmo Syed Sheraz Daood Department of Chemical Engineering Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences(PIEAS)Lehtrar RoadP.O.Nilore45650IslamabadPakistan Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan430205China Energy Engineering Group Energy 2050Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldS37RDUnited Kingdom Institute of Energy and Environmental Engineering Faculty of ElectricalEnergy&Environmental EngineeringUniversity of the PunjabQuaid-e-Azam CampusLahorePakistan Energy Engineering Research and Development Centre Faculty of ElectricalEnergy&Environmental EngineeringUniversity of the PunjabQuaid-e-Azam CampusLahorePakistan

The choice of a type of combustion technology to be used for heat or power generation depends on economic,technical,operational and fuel availability *** benefits associated with the evolving market driven by the fluidised bed combustion(FBC)technology cannot be overlooked especially when gauged at 65 GWth of worldwide installed capacity alongside added benefits of handling fuel variation,low pollutant emissions and high combustion *** or biomass waste will continue to have a vital role to play in the future FBC technology-based power *** often contains high levels of inorganic species that can form sticky agglomerates posing a significant risk to boiler operation resulting in unscheduled *** added complexity of the behaviour of the fuel and bed material mix highlights the requirement for simulation models to identify agglomeration to help improve the overall performance and reliability of FBC *** resolve this problem,this research devised a simulation strategy for the detection of agglomeration using the Eulerian–Eulerian *** developed modelling strategy is validated with the experimental data available in literature for two-dimensional simplified geometry of a pilot-scale fluidised bed *** model results were found promising and robust to predict bed defluidisation times and other parameters consistent with the experimental data.

关键词： Fluidized bed combustion Eulerian models Biomass Agglomeration Defluidisation

Enhancing the clinical relevance of haemorrhage prediction models in trauma

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military medical Research 2024年第3期11卷 467-468页

作者： Sankalp Tandle Jared m.Wohlgemut max E.R.marsden Erhan Pisirir Evangelia Kyrimi Rebecca S.Stoner william marsh Zane B.Perkins Nigel R.m.Tai Centre for Trauma Sciences Blizard InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondon E12ATUK The Royal London Hospital Barts Health NHS TrustLondon E11FRUK Academic Department of military Surgery and Trauma Research and Clinical InnovationThe Royal Centre for Defence MedicineBirmingham B152WBUK Department of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of LondonLondon E14NSUK

We read with interest the recent systematic reviewaArtificial intelligence and machine learning for hemorrhagic trauma careoby Peng et al.[1],which evaluated literature on machine learning(mL)in the management of trau... 详细信息

关键词： Trauma Injury Blood transfusion massive transfusion Prediction Artificial intelligence machine learning

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The secondary injury cascade after spinal cord injury: an analysis of local cytokine/chemokine regulation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1308-1317页

作者： Daniel J.Hellenbrand Charles m.Quinn Zachariah J.Piper Ryan T.Elder Raveena R.mishra Taylor L.marti Phoebe m.Omuro Rylie m.Roddick Jae Sung Lee william L.murphy Amgad S.Hanna Department of Neurosurgery University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Forward BIO Institute University of Wisconsin-Madison

After spinal cord injury, there is an extensive infiltration of immune cells, which exacerbates the injury and leads to further neural degeneration. Therefore, a major aim of current research involves targeting the immune response as a treatment for spinal cord injury. Although much research has been performed analyzing the complex inflammatory process following spinal cord injury, there remain major discrepancies within previous literature regarding the timeline of local cytokine regulation. The objectives of this study were to establish an overview of the timeline of cytokine regulation for 2 weeks after spinal cord injury, identify sexual dimorphisms in terms of cytokine levels, and determine local cytokines that significantly change based on the severity of spinal cord injury. Rats were inflicted with either a mild contusion, moderate contusion, severe contusion, or complete transection, 7 mm of spinal cord centered on the injury was harvested at varying times post-injury, and tissue homogenates were analyzed with a Cytokine/Chemokine 27-Plex assay. Results demonstrated pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 were all upregulated after spinal cord injury, but returned to uninjured levels within approximately 24 hours post-injury, while chemokines including monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 remained upregulated for days post-injury. In contrast, several anti-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors including interleukin-10 and vascular endothelial growth factor were downregulated by 7 days post-injury. After spinal cord injury, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, which specifically affects astrocytes involved in glial scar development, increased more than all other cytokines tested, reaching 26.9-fold higher than uninjured rats. After a mild injury, 11 cytokines demonstrated sexual dimorphisms; however, after a severe contusion only leptin levels were different between female and male rats. In conclus

关键词： astrocytes chemokines cytokines inflammation macrophages microglia secondary damage spinal cord injury

Additively manufactured Ti–Ta–Cu alloys for the next-generation load-bearing implants

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International Journal of Extreme manufacturing 2024年第1期6卷 353-374页

作者： Amit Bandyopadhyay Indranath mitra Sushant Ciliveri Jose D Avila william Dernell Stuart B Goodman Susmita Bose W.m.Keck Biomedical materials Research Laboratory School of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringWashington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164United States of America Veterinary Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary MedicineWashington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164United States of America Department of Orthopedic Surgery Stanford University Medical CenterRedwood CityCA 94063United States of America

Bacterial colonization of orthopedic implants is one of the leading causes of failure and clinical complexities for load-bearing metallic implants. Topical or systemic administration of antibiotics may not offer the most efficient defense against colonization, especially in the case of secondary infection, leading to surgical removal of implants and in some cases even limbs. In this study, laser powder bed fusion was implemented to fabricate Ti3Al2V alloy by a 1:1 weight mixture of CpTi and Ti6Al4V powders. Ti-Tantalum(Ta)–Copper(Cu) alloys were further analyzed by the addition of Ta and Cu into the Ti3Al2V custom alloy. The biological,mechanical, and tribo-biocorrosion properties of Ti3Al2V alloy were evaluated. A 10 wt.% Ta(10Ta) and 3 wt.% Cu(3Cu) were added to the Ti3Al2V alloy to enhance biocompatibility and impart inherent bacterial resistance. Additively manufactured implants were investigated for resistance against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus strains of bacteria for up to 48 h. A 3 wt.% Cu addition to Ti3Al2V displayed improved antibacterial efficacy, i.e.78%–86% with respect to CpTi. mechanical properties for Ti3Al2V–10Ta–3Cu alloy were evaluated, demonstrating excellent fatigue resistance, exceptional shear strength, and improved tribological and tribo-biocorrosion characteristics when compared to Ti6Al4V. In vivo studies using a rat distal femur model revealed improved early-stage osseointegration for alloys with10 wt.% Ta addition compared to CpTi and Ti6Al4V. The 3 wt.% Cu-added compositions displayed biocompatibility and no adverse infammatory response in vivo. Our results establish the Ti3Al2V–10Ta–3Cu alloy’s synergistic effect on improving both in vivo biocompatibility and microbial resistance for the next generation of load-bearing metallic implants.

关键词： Ti6Al4V load-bearing implants additive manufacturing 3D printing antibacterial performance

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Sb3+ and Sm3+ co-doped lead-free Cs2NaInCl6 double perovskite nanocrystals for single-component cold white emitter

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第9期42卷 1646-1651页

作者： Biao Zhou Xiangtong Zhang Ranran Hu Ruixue Hou william W.Yu Key Laboratory for Special Functional materials of ministry of Education National & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting Technology School of Materials and EngineeringCollaborative Innovation Centre of Nano Functional Materials and ApplicationsHenan University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University

metal halide perovskites exhibit promising prospect in light-emitting diodes,solar cells,photodetectors and ***,the workhorse of metal halide perovskites relies on toxicity lead element,which severely damages human body and *** lead-free perovskites,Cs2NaInCl6double perovskite is one of the most promising candidates because of its great stability and easy synthesis,but suffers inadequate optical ***,we doped Sb3+and Sm3+into Cs2NaInCl6nanocrystals by a hot injection ***2NaInCl6:Sb3+exhibits blue emission at 447 ***2NaInCl6:Sm3+,Sb3+nanocrystals simultaneously generate the blue emission of Sb3+and the multiple emissions of Sm3+at 565,602,650 and 710 *** the increase of Sm3+feed ratio,the emission color of Cs2NaInCl6:Sm3+,Sb3+gradually moves to cold white region at（0.27,0.28） in CIE chromaticity diagram and correlated color temperature of 11840 *** work shows the potential application of Cs2NaInCl6:Sm3+,Sb3+nanocrystals as a single-component cold white emitter.

关键词： Lead-free Double perovskites Single component White emitter Doping Rare earths

住院患者认知障碍识别和信息管理的整合性综述

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2024年第1期11卷 120-132页

作者：熊蓓蓓 Daniel X.Bailey Paul Prudon Elaine m.Pascoe Leonard C.gray Frederick Graham Amanda Henderson melinda martin-Khan Centre for Health Services Research Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia Centre for Clinical Research Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandRoyal Brisbane&Women’s HospitalBrisbaneAustralia Dementia and Delirium Division of MedicinePrincess Alexandra HospitalBrisbaneAustralia School of Nursing Faculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneAustralia Nursing Practice Development Unit Princess Alexandra HospitalBrisbaneAustralia School of Nursing Midwifery and Social SciencesCentral Queensland UniversityBrisbaneAustralia Griffith Health Griffith UniversityBrisbaneAustralia School of Nursing Midwifery and ParamedicineThe University of the Sunshine CoastBrisbaneAustralia Department of Health and Life Sciences University of ExeterExeterUnited Kingdom School of Nursing University of Northern British ColumbiaPrince GeorgeCanada

目的旨在对目前提供急性照护的医院识别认知障碍患者以及在病历中记录和管理认知相关信息的实际情况及政策要求和推荐方法进行综述。方法采用Whittemore和Knaf1的五步法,系统检索medline,CINAHL和Scopus数据库,并检索了灰色文献来源。... 详细信息

目的旨在对目前提供急性照护的医院识别认知障碍患者以及在病历中记录和管理认知相关信息的实际情况及政策要求和推荐方法进行综述。方法采用Whittemore和Knaf1的五步法,系统检索medline,CINAHL和Scopus数据库,并检索了灰色文献来源。纳人了提供急性照护的医院已实施的患者认知障碍识别和认知信息管理相关的文献。采用混合方法评价工具和灰色文献质量评估清单对文章质量进行评价。采用主题分析法呈现和整合结果。该综述已在PROSPERO预注册(CRD42022343577)。结果共22篇原始研究文献和10篇政府/行业文件被纳人分析。结果显示,实践和政策之间存在差距。尽管在政策层面上高度重视认知障碍的识别、认知相关信息的透明度,以及与患者、家属和照顾者(如适用)之间的互动,但有时在临床实践中,认知评估是非正式的,患者的认知相关信息未作记录,与患者、家属和照顾者的互动也存在不足。结论.通过整合认知评估,利用信息技术开发信息管理综合系统,建立相关法律法规,提供教育与和培训,并采用国家层面的策略,有可能显著改善对认知障碍患者的识别和护理。

关键词：急性照护认知功能障碍数据透明度谵妄痴呆健康信息管理与患者互动.

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Optimization and control of synchrotron emission in ultraintense laser–solid interactions using machine learning – CORRIGENDUm

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 116-116页

作者： J.Goodman m.King E.J.Dolier R.Wilson R.J.gray P.mcKenna 不详

Due to an isolated error in the 3D simulation parameters,the laser energy and intensity(calculated using the energy)values were incorrectly stated as 10.9 J and 3×10^(22) W cm^(−2),respectively,in Sections 3.3,7 and *** correct values are 39.8 J and 1.1×10^(23) W cm^(−2).Similarly,the values stated for the higher energy case,109 J and 3×10^(23) W cm^(−2) in Section 7,should be 398 J and 1.1×10^(24) W cm^(−2),respectively.

关键词： Bayesian optimization gamma rays laser-solid interactions machine learning radiation reaction