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甘肃高寒区藜麦种质资源的适应性评价

饲料研究 2024年第13期47卷 141-146页

作者：黄杰杨发荣魏玉明刘文瑜谢志军甘肃省农业科学院畜草与绿色农业研究所甘肃兰州730070

试验旨在筛选鉴定不同类型和功能的藜麦种质资源,为甘肃省高海拔冷凉地区藜麦产业的发展提供优质藜麦资源。试验利用主成分分析和聚类分析方法,对引进的17份藜麦种质资源的主要农艺性状、抗病性及产量进行了综合评价。结果表明:17份藜... 详细信息

试验旨在筛选鉴定不同类型和功能的藜麦种质资源,为甘肃省高海拔冷凉地区藜麦产业的发展提供优质藜麦资源。试验利用主成分分析和聚类分析方法,对引进的17份藜麦种质资源的主要农艺性状、抗病性及产量进行了综合评价。结果表明:17份藜麦种质资源中16份可以正常出苗,14份可以正常生长发育成熟,CHLi13和CHLi14未成熟,但株高较高。14份正常成熟的藜麦种质资源中,株高为78~182 cm,主穗长为22~72 cm,主穗直径为9~32 mm,分枝数为8~20个。除生育期外,其他指标的变异系数均在20%左右。测试资源均未出现穗发芽和倒伏情况,CHLi01和CHLi02对茎腐病、叶斑病、霜霉病的感染程度不同,感染霜霉病较严重的有CHLi07、CHLi09和CHLi17。CHLi03、CHLi06、CHLi07、CHLi08、CHLi09、CHLi10和CHLi16的产量较高,均超过3800 kg/hm~2。经主成分分析,前5个因子的方差贡献率累计达到83.297%,其代表率较好,其中成分1和2能够较好地表示农艺性状与产量,成分3和4能较好地表示茎腐病、叶斑病、霜霉病和千粒重。同时,各指标公因子方差均大于0.7,可以充分表示各指标的原始数据。聚类分析可以判断,在遗传距离5处,将出苗且正常成熟的14个藜麦资源分为3大类群,其中CHLi03、CHLi06、CHLi07、CHLi08、CHLi09、CHLi10和CHLi16由于分枝数多,且有效分枝率高,从而使其产量更高。研究表明,筛选出适宜推广种植的资源有CHLi06、CHLi08、CHLi13、CHLi14和CHLi16,其中CHLi13和CHLi14可作为饲草开发利用,其余资源可用于收获籽粒。

关键词：藜麦农艺性状抗病性主成分分析聚类分析

澜沧江德钦段地质灾害隐患InSAR识别与形变监测

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地球科学与环境学报 2024年第4期46卷 557-568页

作者：王伟卓赵超英刘晓杰陈立权魏玉明长安大学地质工程与测绘学院陕西西安710054 长安大学西部矿产资源与地质工程教育部重点实验室陕西西安710054 长安大学自然资源部生态地质与灾害防控重点实验室陕西西安710054 兰州理工大学土木工程学院甘肃兰州730050

青藏高原东南缘地形起伏大,构造运动活跃,发育着冰川和冻土,地质灾害种类多且发生频繁。为研究该地区地质灾害的分布特征和运动规律,选取澜沧江德钦段作为研究区,基于一个轨道的ALOS-2卫星和3个轨道的Sentinel-1A卫星数据,利用Stacking-... 详细信息

青藏高原东南缘地形起伏大,构造运动活跃,发育着冰川和冻土,地质灾害种类多且发生频繁。为研究该地区地质灾害的分布特征和运动规律,选取澜沧江德钦段作为研究区,基于一个轨道的ALOS-2卫星和3个轨道的Sentinel-1A卫星数据,利用Stacking-InSAR和DS-InSAR技术分别进行了研究区大范围地质灾害调查和典型泥石流物源区的时间序列监测,并采用奇异谱分析(SSA)提取了形变的周期项特征。结果表明:研究区内共存在670个形变区域,石冰川占大部分,位于海拔较高的山顶,距澜沧江5 km的范围内有27个滑坡;选取的典型泥石流物源区2017~2022年形变时间序列呈线性趋势,其中石冰川周期项形变与降水量和气温存在相关性。

关键词： InSAR技术石冰川地质灾害形变监测奇异谱分析澜沧江

Molecular Characterization and SNP Markers of the β-purothionin Gene in Einkorn Wheats

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2009年第9期8卷 1019-1027页

作者： LI Jing-qiong ZHENG You-liang wei yu-ming Triticeae Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural University Ya ＂an 625014 P.R. China Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources and Improvement in Southwest China Ministry of Education/Sichuan Agricultural University Ya＇an 625014 P.R.China

Forty-three gene sequences encoding purothionin were characterized from the three species or subspecies of einkorn wheats. These sequences contained 887 bp, among which 92 SNPs including 29 indel loci were detected, giving an average SNP frequency of one SNP per 9.64 bases. According to these sequences, 5 SNP markers were successfully designed, which were used to mine the variations ofpurothionin genes of 102 einkorn wheat accessions. Based on the 5 detected SNP loci, 102 einkorn wheat accessions could be divided into 21 haplotypes, among which 11 haplotypes contained a single sample. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the purothionin genes from einkorn wheats were more closely related to those from D genome than B genome. Seven out of the 43 gene sequences were assumed to be pseudogenes by the definition of containing in-frame stop codons and small insertions/deletions leading to frameshift. In the remaining 36 amino acid sequences, the 8 Cys and Tyr-13 loci in the mature thionin domain which played important roles in the biological activities were all conserved, whereas there were some varieties occurred in some other important amino acid residues such as Lys and Arg.

关键词： einkorn wheats purothionin SNP haplotype

Research status on immunotherapy trials of gastric cancer

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第21期9卷 5782-5793页

作者： Chao Liang Heng-Miao Wu wei-ming yu wei Chen Department of General Surgery Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili HospitalNingbo 315040Zhejiang ProvinceChina Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315040Zhejiang ProvinceChina Cancer Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineTongde Hospital of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou 310012Zhejiang ProvinceChina

The breakthrough of immune checkpoint inhibitor(ICI)therapy has created extensive opportunities for cancer ***,the block of programmed death-1/programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1)axis using ICIs has become a new therapeutic strategy to treat advanced gastric cancer(GC).However,in the past decade,single-arm and randomized trials for single-drug ICI therapy showed that the therapeutic effect was not satisfactory,including clinical trials for advanced ***,after selecting suitable predictive biomarkers and developing a combination of anti-angiogenic targeted drugs and other chemotherapeutic drugs,the objective response rate and progression-free survival of patients with gastric cancer were improved *** United States Food and Drug Administration has approved treatment with pembrolizumab for patients with advanced GC with PD-L1 expression or microsatellite instabilityhigh/mismatch repair *** this review,the updated data from the latest trial results of combination immunotherapy for GC are *** on the outcome of combination therapy,we discuss its possible molecular mechanism and summarize effective predictive *** also discuss possible problems stemming from results of other clinical trials of ICI treatment and propose other directions for ICI therapy.

关键词： Gastric cancer Immunotherapy Clinical trial Immune checkpoint inhibitor Neoadjuvant therapy

Study of Coping-competence among Unmarried Pregnant Young Women in Three Big Cites in China

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Journal of Reproduction and Contraception 2009年第3期20卷 183-194页

作者： wei wei Xiao-ming yu The Institute of Child and Adolescent Health Peking University Beijing 100083 China

Objective To identify the coping-competence among unmarried pregnant young women. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in the setting of clinics-based. A total of 1 391 unmarried young women were recruited as the sample in Youth Clinics of 3 maternal care hospitals in Beijing, Jinan, and Guangzhou respectively in China. ＂Behavioral Attributes of Psychosocial Competence Scale-Condensed Form＂ was administered to identify the coping-competence of these women. All these women were aged 10-24 years old and were divided into three groups based on whether or not they had sex and pregnancy. The three groups were named as follows： pregnancy group with young women having had both sex and pregnancy, sex group with young women having had only sex but not pregnancy, and non-sex group with young women having no sex experience. Results Among the adolescents aged 10-19 years old, the coping-competence was different among the three groups （P=O.050）. Compared with the pregnancy group, the non-sex group were more inclined to active coping （P=0.026）. Among all the pregnant women aged 10-24 years old, the coping-competence was various by region （P〈0.001）： the women in Jinan were more inclined to active coping than the women in another two cites （P=0.009, P〈0.001）, and there was no difference between the women from Beijing and Guangzhou （P=0.324）. Conclusion This is the first study of coping among unmarried pregnant young women in China. The results supported the point of view that the pregnant adolescents were more inclined to passive coping, and the coping had regional differences.

关键词： adolescent young women pregnancy coping China

Variations of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) of Hordoindoline a Gene (hina) and Its Relationships with Kernel Hardness in 92 North American Barley Varieties (Hordeum vulgare L.)

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2009年第12期8卷 1440-1447页

作者： CHEN Guo-yue YANG Shi-dong LI wei-tao LI wei wei yu-ming ZHENG You-liang Triticeae Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural University Ya'an 625014 P.R.China Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources and Improvement in Southwest China Ministry of Education/Sichuan Agricultural University Ya'an 625014 P.R. China College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural University Ya'an 625014 P.R.China

Grain texture in barley （Hordeum vulgare L.） is an important quality character. The single nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） in Hordoindoline a （hina） gene and its relationship with hardness index among North American harley cultivars were investigated. The hina genes in 36 cultivars were sequenced for the SNP analyses, and 17 sets of SNP primers were designed to detect the SNP variations of hina locus in 92 North American barley cultivars. SNP detection indicated that there were four haplotypes in the hina genes of 92 barley cultivars, and haplotype 01 and 02 were shared by 68 and 14 cultivars, respectively, suggesting that there was a very limited diversity in hina genes among North American barley cultivars. Despite the wide range in hardness exists in 92 barley cultivars, however, unlike wheat, where a clear relationship has been demonstrated between a number of SNPs in the wheat hardness genes and quality （soft or hard wheat）, there was no such relationship for barley. The genotypes used in this study demonstrated that there was a low level of polymorphism in hina gene in North American barley cultivars and these polymorphisms had no impact on grain hardness.

关键词： barley Hordoindoline a gene hardness SNP haplotype

小麦农家种成株期条锈病抗性QTL定位及其育种效应解析

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作物学报 2024年第9期50卷 2167-2178页

作者：黄林玉张潇月李豪邓梅康厚扬魏育明王际睿蒋云峰陈国跃四川农业大学小麦研究所四川成都611130 西南作物基因资源发掘与利用国家重点实验室四川成都611130

条锈病是世界范围内严重影响小麦产量的重要病害。遗传和育种利用效应不清,加之不良性状连锁累赘是限制绝大多数已发掘小麦条锈病抗性基因在育种及生产中难以广泛应用的关键。前期研究发现,小麦农家种红芒麦子对我国当前小麦生产上流行... 详细信息

条锈病是世界范围内严重影响小麦产量的重要病害。遗传和育种利用效应不清,加之不良性状连锁累赘是限制绝大多数已发掘小麦条锈病抗性基因在育种及生产中难以广泛应用的关键。前期研究发现,小麦农家种红芒麦子对我国当前小麦生产上流行的主要条锈菌生理小种及致病类群具有稳定的成株期抗性。本研究通过构建Avocet S×红芒麦子F1及F2和F2:3家系,利用分离群体分组分析法(bulked segregation analysis, BSA)并结合小麦55K SNP芯片及外显子测序技术,在7A和7D染色体上鉴定到2个来自红芒麦子的成株期条锈病抗性主效QTL(***-7AL和***-7DS),分别解释了11.64%~15.25%和24.33%~40.58%的表型变异。标记连锁分析、遗传和物理图谱综合分析发现,***-7DS与已知成株期条锈病抗性基因Yr18呈高度共线性,表明该位点抗性效应来源于Yr18;而***-7AL是一个控制小麦成株期条锈病抗性潜在新位点,并进一步开发了可用于跟踪选择该位点的KASP(kompetitive allele-specific PCR,竞争性等位基因特异性PCR)分子标记。利用绵麦1618×红芒麦子BC_1F_2遗传改良群体对来自红芒麦子成株期条锈病抗性主效QTL遗传效应及其与产量相关性状协同改良效应进行解析。结果发现,在绵麦1618遗传背景下,Yr18和***-7AL的转育或聚合可显著降低条锈病危害,且对小麦穗长和分蘖数呈正向效应。上述研究结果表明,在小麦产量育种中可利用农家种红芒麦子进行成株期条锈病遗传改良。

关键词：小麦农家种成株期条锈病抗性基因红芒麦子遗传效应育种效应

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QTLs for Waterlogging Tolerance at Germination and Seedling Stages in Population of Recombinant Inbred Lines Derived from a Cross Between Synthetic and Cultivated Wheat Genotypes

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第1期13卷 31-39页

作者： yu Ma MAO Shuang-lin CHEN Guo-yue LIU Ya-xi LI wei wei yu-ming LIU Chun-ji ZHENG You-liang Triticeae Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural University Agronomy College Sichuan Agricultural University CSIRO Plant Industry

Waterlogging is a widespread limiting factor for wheat production throughout the world. To identify quantitative trait loci （QTLs） associated with waterlogging tolerance at early stages of growth, survival rate （SR）, germination rate index （GRI）, leaf chlorophyll content index （CCI）, root length index （RLI）, plant height index （PHI）, root dry weight index （RDWI）, shoot dry weight index （SDWI）, and total dry weight index （DWI） were assessed using the International Triticeae Mapping Initiative （ITMI） population W7984/Opata85. Significant and positive correlations were detected for all traits in this population except RLI. A total of 32 QTLs were associated with waterlogging tolerance on all chromosomes except 3A, 3D, 4B, 5A, 5D, 6A, and 6D. Some of the QTLs explained large proportions of the phenotypic variance. One of these is the QTL for GRI on 7A, which explained 23.92% of the phenotypic variation. Of them, 22 alleles from the synthetic hexaploid wheat W7984 contributed positively. These results suggested that synthetic hexaploid wheat W7984 is an important genetic resource for waterlogging tolerance in wheat. These alleles conferring waterlogging tolerance at early stages of growth in wheat could be utilized in wheat breeding for improving waterlogging tolerance.

关键词： wheat waterlogging tolerance QTL germination and seedling stages

Methods for Thickness Determination of SiC Homoepilayers by Using Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第6期27卷 240-243页

作者： LI Zhi-yun SUN Ji-wei ZHANG yu-ming ZHANG Yi-Men TANG Xiao-Yan Key Laboratory of Wide Band-Gap Semiconductor Materials and Devices School of Microelectronics Xidian University Xi'an 710071

Infrared reflectance spectra have been widely used to measure layer thickness based either on calculation or on curve fitting, and two traditional methods for thickness determination have been studied. Considering the disadvantages of those two methods, we propose a new fitting model based on the fitting of the fringe order difference. In comparison with the measured results, the new fitting model shows its superiority not only for its stable and accurate results which have great agreement with the results from SEM, but also for its simple and quick fitting process.

关键词： Thickness Measurement Models Methods