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Straw mulching alters the composition and loss of dissolved organic matter in farmland surface runoff by inhibiting the fragmentation of soil small macroaggregates

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第5期23卷 1703-1717页

作者： Shanshan Cai Lei Sun wei Wang Yan Li Jianli Ding Liang Jin Yumei Li Jiuming Zhang Jingkuan Wang dan wei College of Land and Environment Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866China Heilongjiang Academy of Black Soil Conservation and Utilization Harbin 150086China Institute of Plant Nutrition Resources and EnvironmentBeijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China

Straw mulching is a widespread practice for reducing the soil carbon loss caused by erosion.However,the effects of straw mulching on dissolved organic matter(DOM)runoff loss from black soil are not well studied.How straw mulching affects the composition and loss of runoff DOM by changing soil aggregates remains largely unclear.Here,a straw mulching treatment was compared to a no mulching treatment(as a control)on sloping farmland with black soil erosion in Northeast China.We divided the soil into large macroaggregates(>2 mm),small macroaggregates(0.25-2 mm),and microaggregates(<0.25 mm).After five rain events,the effects of straw mulching on the concentration(characterized by dissolved organic carbon(DoC)and composition(analyzed by fluorescence spectroscopy)of runoff and soil aggregate DOM were studied.The results showed that straw mulching reduced the runoff amount by 54.7%.Therefore,although straw mulching increased the average DOc concentration in runoff,it reduced the total runoff DOM loss by 48.3%.The composition of runoff DOM is similar to that of soil,as both contain humic-like acid and protein-like components.With straw mulching treatment,the protein-like components in small macroaggregates accumulated and the protein-like components in runoff declined with rain events.Fluorescence spectroscopy technology may help in understanding the hydrological paths of rain events by capturing the dynamic changes of runoff and soil DOM characteristics.A variation partitioning analysis(VPA)indicated that the DOM concentration and composition of microaggregates explained 68.2%of the change in runoff DOM from no mulching plots,while the change in runoff DOM from straw mulching plots was dominated by small macroaggregates at a rate of 55.1%.Taken together,our results demonstrated that straw mulching reduces the fragmentation of small macroaggregates and the loss of microaggregates,thus effecting DOM compositions in soil and reducing the DOM loss in runoff.These results provide a theoretical basis for reducing carbon loss

关键词： dissolved organic matter black soil surface runoff aggregates fluorescence spectrum

Frequency and associated factors of accommodation and non-strabismic binocular vision dysfunction among medical university students

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第2期17卷 374-379页

作者： Jie Cai Wen-Wen Fan Yun-Hui Zhong Cai-Lan Wen Xiao-dan wei Wan-Chen wei Wan-Yan Xiang Jin-Mao Chen Department of Ophthalmology First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina Digital and Intelligent Technology Transformation and Application Research Institute of Visual Function Tianjin 300000China Guangxi Medical University Nanning 530021Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina

AIM:To investigate the frequency and associated factors of accommodation and non-strabismic binocular vision dysfunction among medical university students.METHODS:Totally 158 student volunteers underwent routine vision examination in the optometry clinic of Guangxi Medical University.Their data were used to identify the different types of accommodation and nonstrabismic binocular vision dysfunction and to determine their frequency.Correlation analysis and logistic regression were used to examine the factors associated with these abnormalities.RESULTS:The results showed that 36.71%of the subjects had accommodation and non-strabismic binocular vision issues,with 8.86%being attributed to accommodation dysfunction and 27.85%to binocular abnormalities.Convergence insufficiency(CI)was the most common abnormality,accounting for 13.29%.Those with these abnormalities experienced higher levels of eyestrain(χ2=69.518,P<0.001).The linear correlations were observed between the difference of binocular spherical equivalent(SE)and the index of horizontal esotropia at a distance(r=0.231,P=0.004)and the asthenopia survey scale(ASS)score(r=0.346,P<0.001).Furthermore,the right eye's SE was inversely correlated with the convergence of positive and negative fusion images at close range(r=-0.321,P<0.001),the convergence of negative fusion images at close range(r=-0.294,P<0.001),the vergence facility(VF;r=-0.234,P=0.003),and the set of negative fusion images at far range(r=-0.237,P=0.003).Logistic regression analysis indicated that gender,age,and the difference in right and binocular SE did not influence the emergence of these abnormalities.CONCLUSION:Binocular vision abnormalities are more prevalent than accommodation dysfunction,with CI being the most frequent type.Greater binocular refractive disparity leads to more severe eyestrain symptoms.

关键词： optometry clinic non-strabismic binocular vision dysfunction college students convergence insufficiency

Visual test paper based on Au/δ-MnO_(2) hollow nanosphere oxidase-like activity regulation using hexavalent chromium as a smart switch

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 711-722页

作者： Wen-Chang Zhuang Hai-Yue Zhang Zhen-Yang Chen Wen-Jing Cheng wei-dan Na Zhao Li Lin Tian School of Materials and Chemical Engineering Xuzhou University of TechnologyXuzhou221018China School of Chemistry and Environmental Science Yili Normal UniversityYining835000China

Paper-based sensing platform is a point of need analytical toolkit for safety testing.However,the sensitivity,specificity,and simplicity are still challenging.Herein,we report a novel strategy(Au/δ-MnO_(2) hollow nanosphere and 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine(TMB)induced test strips for signal-on detection)that can be utilized for hexavalent chromium(Cr^(6+))detection.Interestingly,Cr^(6+)(CrO_(4)^(2−)) as a smart switch can remarkably enhance the oxidase-like activity of Au/δ-MnO_(2) hollow nanosphere.The presence of Cr^(6+) can regulate the surface electronic redistribution of Au/δ-MnO_(2) and adjust the geometric configuration,which leads to the improvement in oxidase-like activity of Au/δ-MnO_(2).As a proof-of-concept application,a visual paper-based sensing platform of Cr^(6+) along with quantitative analysis by the test strips was successfully constructed.This paper-based sensing platform exhibits a linear range with excellent selectivity for other interfering substances and lower limit of detection of 0.09μmol·L^(−1),providing a promising toolkit at-home Cr^(6+) measurement and environmental monitoring.

关键词： Point of need Colorimetric biosensing platform Au/δ-MnO_(2) hollow nanosphere Test strip Cr^(6+)

taBOX: A water-soluble tetraanionic rectangular molecular container for conjugated molecules and taste masking for berberine and palmatine

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 175-178页

作者： Qihan Lin Jiabin Xing Yue-Yang Liu Gang Wu Shi-Jia Liu Hui Wang wei Zhou Zhan-Ting Li dan-wei Zhang Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China

A water-soluble macrocycle that bears four carboxylate anions has been designed and prepared,which forms a rectangular cavity that can efficiently encapsulate discrete electron-deficient aromatic compounds,including berberine and palmatine.This macrocycle is revealed to be highly biocompatible and able to inhibit the bitter taste of the two drugs.

关键词： Macrocycle Multianion Molecular container Molecular recognition Bitter taste masking

The role of vitamin E in polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis and alleviating endoplasmic reticulum stress in sub-adult grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 275-287页

作者： Ke Yao Lin Feng wei-dan Jiang Yang Liu Lu Zhang Hai-Feng Mi Xiao-Qiu Zhou Pei Wu Animal Nutrition Institute Sichuan Agricultural University Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition Ministry of Education Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Tongwei Co. Ltd. Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province

Vitamin E(VE) is an essential lipid-soluble vitamin that improves the fish flesh quality. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of VE on growth performance and flesh quality in sub-adult grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella). A total of 450fish(713.53 ± 1.50 g) were randomly divided into six treatment groups(three replicates per treatment)and fed for nine weeks with different experimental diets(dietary lipid 47.8 g/kg) that contained different levels of VE(5.44, 52.07, 96.85, 141.71, 185.66, and 230.12 mg/kg diet, supplemented as dl-a-tocopherol acetate). Notably, the treatment groups that were fed with dietary VE ranging from 52.07 to230.12 mg/kg diet showed improvement in the percent weight gain, special growth rate, and feed efficiency of grass carp. Moreover, the treatment groups supplemented with dietary VE level of 141.71,185.66, and 230.12 mg/kg diet showed enhancement in crude protein, lipid, and a-tocopherol contents in the muscle, and the dietary levels of VE ranging from 52.07 to 141.71 mg/kg diet improved muscle pH24h and shear force but reduced muscle cooking loss in grass carp. Furthermore, appropriate levels of VE(52.07 to 96.85 mg/kg diet) increased the muscle polyunsaturated fatty acid content in grass carp. Dietary VE also increased the mRNA levels of fatty acid synthesis-related genes, including fas, scd-1, fad,elovl, srebp1, pparγ, and lxra, and up-regulated the expression of SREBP-1 protein. However, dietary VE decreased the expression of fatty acid decomposition-related genes, including hsl, cpt1, acox1, and ppara,and endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes, including perk, ire1, atf6, eif2a, atf4, xbp1, chop, and grp78, and down-regulated the expression of p-PERK, p-IRE1, ATF6, and GRP78 proteins. In conclusion,dietary VE increased muscle fatty acid synthesis, which may be partly associated with the alleviation of endoplasmic reticulum stress, and ultimately improves fish flesh quality. Moreover, the VE requirements for sub

关键词： Vitamin E Flesh quality Muscle polyunsaturated fatty acid level Endoplasmic reticulum stress Growth performance Grass carp

Effects of land use/cover change(LUCC) on the spatiotemporal variability of precipitation and temperature in the Songnen Plain,China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第1期21卷 235-248页

作者： CHU Xiao-lei LU Zhong wei dan LEI Guo-ping College of Resources and Environment Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030P.R.China College of Surveying and Mapping Engineering Heilongjiang Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150050P.R.China Land Management Institute Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110169P.R.China Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097P.R.China

Understanding the effects of land use/cover change(LUCC) on regional climate is critical for achieving land use system sustainability and global climate change mitigation. However, the quantitative analysis of the contribution of LUCC to the changes of climatic factors, such as precipitation & temperature(P&T), is lacking. In this study, we combined statistical methods and the gravity center model simulation to quantify the effects of long-term LUCC on P&T in the Songnen Plain(SNP) of Northeast China from 1980–2018. The results showed the spatiotemporal variability of LUCC. For example, paddy field had the largest increase(15 166.43 km2) in the SNP, followed by dry land, while wetland had the largest decrease(19 977.13 km;) due to the excessive agricultural utilization and development. Annual average precipitation decreased at a rate of –9.89 mm per decade, and the warming trends were statistically significant with an increasing rate of 0.256°C per decade in this region since 1980. The model simulation revealed that paddy field, forestland, and wetland had positive effects on precipitation, which caused their gravity centers to migrate towards the same direction accompanied by the center of precipitation gravity, while different responses were seen for building land, dry land and unused land. These results indicated that forestland had the largest influence on the increase of precipitation compared with the other land use types.The responses in promoting the temperature increase differed significantly, being the highest in building land, and the lowest in forestland. In general, the analysis of regional-scale LUCC showed a significant reduction of wetland, and the increases in building land and cropland contributed to a continuous drying and rapid warming in the SNP.

关键词： land use/cover change(LUCC) precipitation temperature Songnen Plain gravity center model satellite remote sensing

Neat1 decreases neuronal apoptosis after oxygen and glucose deprivation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第1期17卷 163-169页

作者： wei-Na Chai Yi-Fan Wu Zhi-Min Wu Yan-Feng Xie Quan-Hong Shi wei dan Yan Zhan Jian-Jun Zhong wei Tang Xiao-Chuan Sun Li Jiang Department of Neurosurgery First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina

Studies have shown that downregulation of nuclear-enriched autosomal transcript 1(Neat1)may adversely affect the recovery of nerve function and the increased loss of hippocampal neurons in mice.Whether Neat1 has protective or inhibitory effects on neuronal cell apoptosis after secondary brain injury remains unclear.Therefore,the effects of Neat1 on neuronal apoptosis were observed.C57 BL/6 primary neurons were obtained from the cortices of newborn mice and cultured in vitro,and an oxygen and glucose deprivation cell model was established to simulate the secondary brain injury that occurs after traumatic brain injury in vitro.The level of Neat1 expression in neuronal cells was regulated by constructing a recombinant adenovirus to infect neurons,and the effects of Neat1 expression on neuronal apoptosis after oxygen and glucose deprivation were observed.The experiment was divided into four groups:the control group,without any treatment,received normal culture;the oxygen and glucose deprivation group were subjected to the oxygen and glucose deprivation model protocol;the Neat1 overexpression and Neat1 downregulation groups were treated with Neat1 expression intervention techniques and were subjected to the in oxygen and glucose deprivation protocol.The protein expression levels of neurons p53-induced death domain protein 1(PIDD1,a pro-apoptotic protein),caspase-2(an apoptotic priming protein),cytochrome C(a pro-apoptotic protein),and cleaved caspase-3(an apoptotic executive protein)were measured in each group using the western blot assay.To observe changes in the intracellular distribution of cytochrome C,the expression levels of cytochrome C in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of neurons from each group were detected by western blot assay.Differences in the cell viability and apoptosis rate between groups were detected by cell-counting kit 8 assay and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assay,respectively.The results showed that the apoptosis rate,PIDD1,caspase-2,and cleaved caspase-3 expressi

关键词： apoptosis caspase-2 caspase-3 cytochrome C LncRNA-Neat1 mitochondria neuron OGD PIDD1 traumatic brain injury

Emerging role of vitamin D3 in alleviating intestinal structure injury caused by Aeromonas hydrophila in grass carp（Ctenopharyngodon idella）

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 202-217页

作者： Yao Zhang Xiao-Qiu Zhou wei-dan Jiang Pei Wu Yang Liu Hong-Mei Ren Lu Zhang Hai-Feng Mi Ling Tang Cheng-Bo Zhong Lin Feng Animal Nutrition Institute Sichuan Agricultural University Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural University Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of China Ministry of Education Sichuan Agricultural University Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Tongwei Co. Ltd. Sichuan Animal Science Academy Sichuan Animtech Feed Co. Ltd.

Bacterial pathogens destroy the structural integrity of functional organs in fish, leading to severe challenges in the aquaculture industry. Vitamin D3（VD3） prevents bacterial infections and strengthens immune system function via vitamin D receptor（VDR）. However, the correlation between VD3/VDR and the structural integrity of functional organs remains unclarified. This study aimed to investigate the influence of VD3supplementation on histological characteristics, apoptosis, and tight junction characteristics in fish intestine during pathogen infection. A total of 540 healthy grass carp（257.24 ± 0.63 g） were fed different levels of VD3（15.2, 364.3, 782.5, 1,167.9, 1,573.8, and 1,980.1 IU/kg） for 70 d. Subsequently, fish were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila, a pathogen that causes intestinal inflammation. Our present study demonstrated that optimal supplementation with VD3（1） alleviated intestinal structural damage, and inhibited oxidative damage by reducing levels of oxidative stress biomarkers;（2） attenuated excessive apoptosisrelated death receptor and mitochondrial pathway processes in relation to p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling（P < 0.05）;（3） enhanced tight junction protein expression by inhibiting myosin light chain kinase signaling（P < 0.05）; and（4） elevated VDR isoform expression in fish intestine（P < 0.05）.Overall, the results demonstrated that VD3alleviates oxidative injury, apoptosis, and the destruction of tight junction protein under pathogenic infection, thereby strengthening pathogen defenses in the intestine. This finding supports the rationale for VD3intervention as an essential practice in sustainable aquaculture.

关键词： Aeromonas hydrophila Antibacterial property Grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella ) Intestinal health Vitamin D 3

Application of StrucGP in medical immunology:site-specific N-glycoproteomic analysis of macrophages

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Frontiers of Medicine 2023年第2期17卷 304-316页

作者： Pengfei Li Zexuan Chen Shanshan You Yintai Xu Zhifang Hao Didi Liu Jiechen Shen Bojing Zhu wei dan Shisheng Sun College of Life Sciences Northwest UniversityXi’an 710069China

The structure of N-glycans on specific proteins can regulate innate and adaptive immunity via sensing environmental signals.Meanwhile,the structural diversity of N-glycans poses analytical challenges that limit the exploration of specific glycosylation functions.In this work,we used THP-1-derived macrophages as examples to show the vast potential of a N-glycan structural interpretation tool StrucGP in N-glycoproteomic analysis.The intact glycopeptides of macrophages were enriched and analyzed using mass spectrometry(MS)-based glycoproteomic approaches,followed by the large-scale mapping of site-specific glycan structures via StrucGP.Results revealed that bisected GlcNAc,core fucosylated,and sialylated glycans(e.g.,HexNAc4Hex5Fuc1Neu5Ac1,N4H5F1S1)were increased in M1 and M2 macrophages,especially in the latter.The findings indicated that these structures may be closely related to macrophage polarization.In addition,a high level of glycosylated PD-L1 was observed in M1 macrophages,and the LacNAc moiety was detected at Asn-192 and Asn-200 of PD-L1,and Asn-200 contained Lewis epitopes.The precision structural interpretation of site-specific glycans and subsequent intervention of target glycoproteins and related glycosyltransferases are of great value for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for different diseases.

关键词： macrophage glycoproteome glycopeptides N-glycan structures PD-L1