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Collembolans maintain a core microbiome responding to diverse soil ecosystems

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第1期6卷 33-46页

作者： Zhe-lun Liu Dong Zhu yi-Fei wang Yong-Guan Zhu Min Qiao State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China

The unique gut habitat led to a core intestinal micro-biome in diverse soil ecosystems.The collembolan guts may help eliminate soil pathogens.Host-selection carried more weight on community assembly of gut microbiome.Soil invertebrates are widely distributed in the ecosystem and are essential for soil ecological processes.Inverte-brate gut microbiome plays an important role in host health and has been considered as a hidden microbial repository.However,little is known about how gut microbiome in soil invertebrates respond to diverse soil ecosystems.Based on a laboratory microcosm experiment,we characterized the assembling of microbiome of soil collembolans(Folsomia candida)from six representative regions of the soil ecosystem which they inhabit.Results showed that collembolan gut microbial communities differed significantly from their surrounding soil microbial communities.A dominant core gut microbiome was identified in gut habitat.Community analyses indicated that deterministic process dominated in the community assembly of collembolan gut microbiome.The results further demonstrate a dominant contribution of host selection in shaping gut microbiome.It is also worthy to mention that pathogens,such as common agricultural phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium,were involved in core microbiome,indicating that collembolans could act as vectors of pathogens.Our results unravelled the existence of gut core microbiome of collembolans in soil ecosystems and provided new insights for under-standing the crucial role of gut microbiome of soil fauna in maintaining microbial biodiversity and stability of soil ecosystems.

关键词： gut microbiome collembolan core microbiome community assembly

Photoinduced transposed Paternò-Büchi reaction for effective synthesis of high-performance jet fuel

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第3期67卷 39-48页

作者： Jinxiu Hu Xianlong Liu yi Liu Kang Xue Chengxiang Shi Xiangwen Zhang Li wang Ji-Jun Zou lun Pan Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin 300192China Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University Ningbo 315201China Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin) Tianjin 300072China

High-energy-density fuels are important for volume-limited aerospace vehicles,but the increase in fuel energy density always leads to poor cryogenic performance.Herein,we investigated the transposed Paternò-Büchi reaction of biomass cyclic ketone and cyclic alkene to synthesize a new kind of alkyl-substituted polycyclic hydrocarbon fuel with high energy density and good cryogenic performance.The triplet-energy-quenching results and phosphorescent emission spectra reveal the sensitization mechanism of the reaction,including photosensitizer excitation,triplettriplet energy transfer,cyclization,and relaxation,and the possible reaction path was revealed by the density functional theory(DFT)calculations.The reaction conditions of photosensitizer type and addition,molar ratio of substrates,reaction temperature,and incident light intensity were optimized,with the target product yield achieving 65.5%.Moreover,the reaction dynamics of the reaction rate versus the light intensity are established.After the hydrogenation-deoxygenation reaction,three fuels with a high density of 0.864-0.938 g·ml^(-1) and a low freezing point of<-55℃ are obtained.This work provides a benign and effective approach to synthesize high-performance fuels.

关键词： High-energy-density fuel Transposed Patern-oeBüchi reaction Kinetics Bioenergy Photochemistry

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Ex vivo liver resection and auto-transplantation as an alternative for the treatment of liver malignancies: Progress and challenges

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第2期23卷 117-122页

作者： Xin Yang Lu Lu Wen-Wei Zhu yi-Feng Tao Cong-Huan Shen Jin-Hong Chen Zheng-Xin wang lun-Xiu Qin Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Centers Department of General SurgeryHuashan Hospital&Cancer Metastasis InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China

Hepatectomy is still the major curative treatment for patients with liver malignancies.However,it is still a big challenge to remove the tumors in the central posterior area,especially if their location involves the retrohepatic inferior vena cava and hepatic veins.Ex vivo liver resection and auto-transplantation(ELRA),a hybrid technique of the traditional liver resection and transplantation,has brought new hope to these patients and therefore becomes a valid alternative to liver transplantation.Due to its technical difficulty,ELRA is still concentrated in a few hepatobiliary centers that have experienced surgeons in both liver resection and liver transplantation.The efficacy and safety of this technique has already been demonstrated in the treatment of benign liver diseases,especially in the advanced alveolar echinococcosis.Recently,the application of ELRA for liver malignances has gained more attention.However,standardization of clinical practice norms and international consensus are still lacking.The prognostic impact in these oncologic patients also needs further evaluation.In this review,we summarized the principles and recent progresses on ELRA.

关键词： Ex vivo liver resection Liver auto-transplantation Oncology Liver malignancies

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Conquer coronary artery perforation with magic hands

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第4期21卷 379-386页

作者： yi-lun ZOU Jian-Qiang LI Ding-Yu wang Yong-Tai GONG Li SHENG Yue LI Department of Cardiology the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinChina

Coronary artery perforation(CAP) poses a significant challenge for interventional cardiologists. Management of CAP depends on the location and severity of the perforation. The conventional method for addressing the perforation of large vessels involves the placement of a covered stent, while the perforation of distal and collateral vessels is typically managed using coils, autologous skin, subcutaneous fat, microspheres, gelatin sponge, thrombin or other substances. However, the above techniques have certain limitations and are not applicable in all scenarios. Our team has developed a range of innovative strategies for effectively managing CAP. This article provides an insightful review of the various tips and tricks for the treatment of CAP.

关键词： coronary sponge perforation

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Microsnoop: A generalist tool for microscopy image representation

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The Innovation 2024年第1期5卷 109-117页

作者： Dejin Xun Rui wang Xingcai Zhang yi wang Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China State Key Lab of Computer-Aided Design&Computer Graphics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China John A.Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310018China National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization Innovation Center of Yangtze River DeltaZhejiang UniversityJiaxing 314100China

Accurate profiling of microscopy images from small scale to high throughput is an essential procedure in basic and applied biological research.Here,we present Microsnoop,a novel deep learning–based representation tool trained on large-scale microscopy images using masked self-supervised learning.Microsnoop can process various complex and heterogeneous images,and we classified images into three categories:single-cell,full-field,and batch-experiment images.Our benchmark study on 10 high-quality evaluation datasets,containing over 2,230,000 images,demonstrated Microsnoop’s robust and state-ofthe-art microscopy image representation ability,surpassing existing generalist and even several custom algorithms.Microsnoop can be integrated with other pipelines to perform tasks such as superresolution histopathology image and multimodal analysis.Furthermore,Microsnoop can be adapted to various hardware and can be easily deployed on local or cloud computing platforms.We will regularly retrain and reevaluate the model using communitycontributed data to consistently improve Microsnoop.

关键词： hardware image representation

Odorant-binding protein 19 in Monochamus alternatus involved in the recognition of a volatile strongly emitted from ovipositing host pines

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Insect Science 2024年第1期31卷 134-146页

作者： Ruinan Yang Dongzhen Li Shancheng yi yi Wei Manqun wang Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory College of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Ecology and Nature Conservation InstituteChinese Academy of ForestryBeijingChina

Monochamus alternatus is the primary carrier of pine wood nematodes,which pose a serious threat to Pinus spp.in many countries.Newly emerging M.alternatus adults feed on heathy host pines,while matured adults transfer to stressed host pines for mating and oviposition.Several odorant-binding proteins(OBPs)of M.alternatus have been proved to aid in the complex process of host location.To clarify the corresponding relations between OBPs and pine volatiles,more OBPs need to be studied.In this research,MaltOBP19 showed a specific expression in the antennae and mouthparts of M.alternatus,and it was marked in 4 types of antenna sensilla by immunolocalization.Fluorescence binding assays demonstrated the high binding affinity of MaltOBP19 with camphene and myrcene in vitro.In Y-tube olfactory experiments,M.alternatus adults were attracted by camphene and RNAi of OBP19 via microinjection significantly decreased their attraction index.Myrcene induced phobotaxis,but RNAi had no significant effect on this behavior.Further,we found that ingesting dsOBP19 produced by a bacteria-expressed system with a newly constructed vector could lead to the knockdown of MaltOBP19.These results suggest that MaltOBP19 may play a role in the process of host conversion via the recognition of camphene,which has been identified to be strongly released in stressed host pines.In addition,it is proved that knockdown of OBP can be achieved by oral administration of bacteria-expressed double-stranded RNA in M.alternatus adults,providing a new perspective in the control of M.alternatus.

关键词： bacteria-expressed dsRNA camphene Japanese pine sawyer beetle MaltOBP19 RNAi stressed host pines

Improved Twin Support Vector Machine Algorithm and Applications in Classification Problems

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China Communications 2024年第5期21卷 261-279页

作者： Sun yi wang Zhouyang Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Computer Science(National Pilot Software Engineering School) Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications International School

The distribution of data has a significant impact on the results of classification.When the distribution of one class is insignificant compared to the distribution of another class,data imbalance occurs.This will result in rising outlier values and noise.Therefore,the speed and performance of classification could be greatly affected.Given the above problems,this paper starts with the motivation and mathematical representing of classification,puts forward a new classification method based on the relationship between different classification formulations.Combined with the vector characteristics of the actual problem and the choice of matrix characteristics,we firstly analyze the orderly regression to introduce slack variables to solve the constraint problem of the lone point.Then we introduce the fuzzy factors to solve the problem of the gap between the isolated points on the basis of the support vector machine.We introduce the cost control to solve the problem of sample skew.Finally,based on the bi-boundary support vector machine,a twostep weight setting twin classifier is constructed.This can help to identify multitasks with feature-selected patterns without the need for additional optimizers,which solves the problem of large-scale classification that can’t deal effectively with the very low category distribution gap.

关键词： fuzzy ordered regression(OR) relaxing variables twin support vector machine

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Washed microbiota transplantation for Crohn’s disease:A metagenomic,metatranscriptomic,and metabolomic-based study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第11期30卷 1572-1587页

作者： Shi-Ju Chen Da-Ya Zhang Xia Wu Fa-Ming Zhang Bo-Ta Cui yi-Hao Huang Zu-lun Zhang Rui wang Fei-Hu Bai Graduate School Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 571199Hainan ProvinceChina Department of Microbiota Medicine&Medical Center for Digestive Diseases The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210011Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 570216Hainan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)is a promising therapeutic approach for treating Crohn’s disease(CD).The new method of FMT,based on the automatic washing process,was named as washed microbiota transplantation(WMT).Most existing studies have focused on observing the clinical phenomena.However,the mechanism of action of FMT for the effective management of CD-particularly in-depth multi-omics analysis involving the metagenome,metatranscriptome,and metabolome-has not yet been reported.AIM To assess the efficacy of WMT for CD and explore alterations in the microbiome and metabolome in response to WMT.METHODS We conducted a prospective,open-label,single-center clinical study.Eleven CD patients underwent WMT.Their clinical responses(defined as a decrease in their CD Activity Index score of>100 points)and their microbiome(metagenome,metatranscriptome)and metabolome profiles were evaluated three months after the procedure.RESULTS Seven of the 11 patients(63.6%)showed an optimal clinical response three months post-WMT.Gut microbiome diversity significantly increased after WMT,consistent with improved clinical symptoms.Comparison of the metagenome and metatranscriptome analyses revealed consistent alterations in certain strains,such as Faecalibac-terium prausnitzii,Roseburia intestinalis,and Escherichia coli.In addition,metabolomics analyses demonstrated that CD patients had elevated levels of various amino acids before treatment compared to the donors.However,levels of vital amino acids that may be associated with disease progression(e.g.,L-glutamic acid,gamma-glutamyl-leucine,and prolyl-glutamine)were reduced after WMT.CONCLUSION WMT demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in CD treatment,likely due to the effective reconstruction of the patient’s microbiome.Multi-omics techniques can effectively help decipher the potential mechanisms of WMT in treating CD.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Clinical trials Fecal microbiota transplant Metagenome Metatranscriptome Metabolome

A Review of Computing with Spiking Neural Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 2909-2939页

作者： Jiadong Wu yinan wang Zhiwei Li lun Lu Qingjiang Li College of Electronic Science and Technology National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha410073China

Artificial neural networks(ANNs)have led to landmark changes in many fields,but they still differ significantly fromthemechanisms of real biological neural networks and face problems such as high computing costs,excessive computing power,and so on.Spiking neural networks(SNNs)provide a new approach combined with brain-like science to improve the computational energy efficiency,computational architecture,and biological credibility of current deep learning applications.In the early stage of development,its poor performance hindered the application of SNNs in real-world scenarios.In recent years,SNNs have made great progress in computational performance and practicability compared with the earlier research results,and are continuously producing significant results.Although there are already many pieces of literature on SNNs,there is still a lack of comprehensive review on SNNs from the perspective of improving performance and practicality as well as incorporating the latest research results.Starting from this issue,this paper elaborates on SNNs along the complete usage process of SNNs including network construction,data processing,model training,development,and deployment,aiming to provide more comprehensive and practical guidance to promote the development of SNNs.Therefore,the connotation and development status of SNNcomputing is reviewed systematically and comprehensively from four aspects:composition structure,data set,learning algorithm,software/hardware development platform.Then the development characteristics of SNNs in intelligent computing are summarized,the current challenges of SNNs are discussed and the future development directions are also prospected.Our research shows that in the fields of machine learning and intelligent computing,SNNs have comparable network scale and performance to ANNs and the ability to challenge large datasets and a variety of tasks.The advantages of SNNs over ANNs in terms of energy efficiency and spatial-temporal data processing have been more fully exploited.And the developme

关键词： Spiking neural networks neural networks brain-like computing artificial intelligence learning algorithm