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基于改进YOLOv5的红花目标检测算法研究

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农机化研究 2025年第1期47卷 26-32,66页

作者：陈金荣许燕周建平王小荣新疆大学机械工程学院乌鲁木齐830047 新疆大学工程训练中心乌鲁木齐830047 新疆维吾尔自治区农牧机器人及智能装备工程研究中心乌鲁木齐830047

为实现农业非结构环境下采摘机器人对红花的准确识别,提出了一种基于改进YOLOv5的红花目标检测算法。将CBAM注意力机制嵌入到YOLOv5网络,提高了小尺寸目标物在高层次特征中的表现力;建立一种Alpha-IoU目标位置损失函数对原损失函数GIOU... 详细信息

为实现农业非结构环境下采摘机器人对红花的准确识别,提出了一种基于改进YOLOv5的红花目标检测算法。将CBAM注意力机制嵌入到YOLOv5网络,提高了小尺寸目标物在高层次特征中的表现力;建立一种Alpha-IoU目标位置损失函数对原损失函数GIOU存在的梯度消失问题进行改进,提高了被遮挡红花的预测率,并通过在目标检测网络中增加分割检测模块,提高宽和高小于最低像素的小目标物检测精度,利用图像扩增数据集对改进后的YOLOv5算法进行训练,再分别与改进前后YOLOv5网络和Faster R-CNN网络在不同红花品种、不同自然光照情况、不同天气条件和不同遮挡情况下进行对比。试验结果表明:改进后的YOLOv5算法P值、R值分别为90.45%和0.90,对非结构环境下盛开期的未采摘红花mAP值达到94.48%,在不同影响因素下都可以准确识别出红花且置信度较高,可为红花采摘机器人自动化作业中的红花识别提供技术支持。

关键词：红花目标检测改进YOLOv5 数据增强非结构环境

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深度学习方法在红花采摘机器人中的应用

农机化研究 2025年第4期47卷 186-191页

作者：陈金荣许燕周建平王小荣崔超新疆大学机械工程学院乌鲁木齐830047 新疆维吾尔自治区农牧机器人及智能装备工程研究中心乌鲁木齐830047 新疆大学工程训练中心乌鲁木齐830047

为实现农业复杂环境中红花的快速准确识别,提出了一种基于深度学习方法的改进YOLOv5s红花目标检测算法。在YOLOv5s基础上融入适配GPU的轻量Ghost模块,获得复杂度更低、网络推理速度更快的基线模型,将CBAM注意力机制嵌入基线模型,增强了... 详细信息

为实现农业复杂环境中红花的快速准确识别,提出了一种基于深度学习方法的改进YOLOv5s红花目标检测算法。在YOLOv5s基础上融入适配GPU的轻量Ghost模块,获得复杂度更低、网络推理速度更快的基线模型,将CBAM注意力机制嵌入基线模型,增强了小目标物在高频特征中的表现力,并通过建立一种基于边界框宽和高差值的Focal-EIoU损失函数,提高红花在不同遮挡情况下的识别率。最后,在并联式红花采摘机器人上开展红花识别试验,验证改进算法的可行性和可靠性。结果表明:改进后的YOLOv5s模型相较于原始模型在mAP值上提高了1.94个百分点,模型参数量和单幅图像检测速度分别为3.52 MB和0.06 s/幅,红花采摘机器人视觉系统的平均识别成功率可达89.92%。

关键词：红花采摘机器人深度学习 YOLOv5s 识别成功率

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C30F12.4 influences oogenesis, fat metabolism, and lifespan in C. elegans

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Protein & Cell 2016年第10期7卷 714-721页

作者： Lu wang Fei Xu Guishuan wang xiaorong wang Ajuan Liang Hefeng Huang Fei Sun International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital Shanghai Key laboratory for Reproductive Medicine School of Medicine Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200030 China School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China

Reproduction, fat metabolism, and longevity are inter- twined regulatory axes; recent studies in C. elegans have provided evidence that these processes are directly coupled. However, the mechanisms by which they are coupled and the reproductive signals modu- lating fat metabolism and lifaspan are poorly under- stood. Here, we find that an oogenesis-enriched gene, c30PI2.4, is specifically expressed and located in germ cells and early embryos; when the gene is knocked out, oogenesis is disrupted and brood size is decreased. In addition to the reproductive phenotype, we find that the loss of c30f12.4 alters fat metabolism, resulting in decreased fat storage and smaller lipid droplets. Mean- while, c30f12.4 mutant worms display a shortened lifaspan. Our results highlight an important role for c30f12.4 in regulating reproduction, fat homeostasis, and aging in C. elegans, which helps us to better understand the relationship between these processes.

关键词： C30F12.4 oogenesis fat metabolism,lifespan

Effects of environmental factors on the production and release of matrix-bound phosphine from lake sediments

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2007年第1期1卷 120-124页

作者： GENG Jinju wang Qiang NIU Xiaojun wang xiaorong State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China South China University of Technology School of Environmental Science and EngineeringGuangzhou 510641China

Effects of pH,temperature,and oxygen on the production and release of phosphine in eutrophic lake sedi-ments were investigated under laboratory *** indi-cated that the elimination of matrix-bound phosphine was accelerated under initial pH 1 or *** levels could reach maximum under initial pH *** contents of phos-phine increased with the addition of alkali under pH *** rates of phosphine production and release from lake sed-iments varied with temperature.20°C was the most favorable temperature for the production of matrix-bound *** showed little effect on matrix-bound ***-bound phosphine concentrations in lake sediments were concluded to be dependent on a balance of natural generation and depletion processes.

关键词： phosphine production release lake sediments environmental factors

Toxicological effects involved in risk assessment of rare earth lanthanum on roots of Vicia faba ***

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第10期23卷 1721-1728页

作者： Chengrun wang Mei He Wen Shi Jessie Wong Tao Cheng xiaorong wang Lingling Hu Fenfen Chen School of Life Science Huainan Normal University Huainan 232001 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing 210046 China Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering University of Western Ontario London ON N6A5B9 Canada Department of Biology University of Western Ontario London ON N6A5B9 Canada

Combined chemical analyses and biological measurements were utilized to investigate potential toxicological effects and possible mechanisms involved in risk assessment of rare earth elements （REEs） on Viciafaba L. seedlings, which were hydroponically cultivated and exposed to various concentrations of lanthanum （La） for 15 days. The results showed that La contents in both the solution and roots increased with the increase of extraneous La, contributing to hormetic dose responses of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT）, guaiacol peroxidase （GPX）, ascorbate peroxidase （APX） and endoprotease （EP） isozymes activities, and HSP 70 production enhanced at low doses but suppressed at higher doses of La. These physiological responses constituted antioxidant and detoxification systems against La-induced oxidative stress. The elevated La levels also contributed to oxidatively modified proteins, which were most responsible for subsequent cell death and growth retardation of the roots. By combination of hormetic and traditional threshold dose levels, the threshold dose range was deduced to be 108-195 μg La/g dry weight in the roots, corresponding to 0.90-3.12 mg/L of soluble La in the culture solution. It suggests that persistent applications of REEs may lead to potential ecological risk in the environment.

关键词： rare earth elements lanthanum heat shock protein 70 oxidatively modified proteins isoenzymes hormesis riskassessment

Ethanol Evaporation Characteristics of the Blends of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester and Ethanol

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2021年第2期26卷 210-217页

作者： wang xiaorong wang Gang wang Lihui ZHANG Jie YAN Jun School of Mechanical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212100JiangsuChina

The evaporation characteristics of fatty acid methyl ester(FAME)mixed with four concentrations of ethanol at 873 K and normal atmospheric pressure are studied *** is used as base oils,and et hanol mass fractions vary from 10%,20%,30%to 40%。The experimental results show that the evaporation process of the binary component droplets of FAME-ethanol can be divided into two stages:a fuctuation evaporation stage,and an equilibrium evaporation *** these four concentration gradients,micro-explosions occur in the droplet evaporation *** fuctuation evaporation stage is divided into two stages:a strong fuctuation stage and a weak fluctuation *** the micro-explosion,there is still a small amount of ethanol in the *** to the surface tension of the droplet,a small amount of ethanol cannot make the droplet violently *** results show that the earlier the droplet micro-explosion occurs,the more intense it is,and the shorter the lifetime of the droplet *** concentrations of ethanol have different improvements in droplet evaporation ***,the higher the ethanol concentration is,the shorter the lifetime of the droplet ***,increasing the ethanol concentration from 20%to 30%has the most obvious effect on the lifetime of the droplet.

关键词： ethanol micro-explosion fatty acid methyl ester(FAME) fluctuation evaporation stage equilibrium evaporation stage

Production and emission of phosphine gas from wetland ecosystems

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第9期22卷 1309-1311页

作者： Chao Han Xueyuan Gu Jinju Geng Yuning Hong Rui Zhang xiaorong wang Shixiang Gao State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China School of Chemistry and Environmental Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210097 China

Phosphine is a part of an atmospheric link of phosphorus cycle on earth, which could be an important pathway for phosphorus transport in environment. Wetland ecosystems are important locations for global biogeochemical phosphorus cycle. In this study, production and emission fluxes of free phosphine from four wetlands types in southern China were observed in different seasons. The results showed that the concentration of phosphine liberated from wetlands was at pg/m^3·ng/m^3 level. The emission concentrations of different wetlands followed the sequence： paddy field （51.83 ± 3.06） ng/m^3 〉/marsh （46.54 ± 20.55） ng/m^3 〉 lake （37.05 ± 22.74） ng/m^3 〉〉 coastal wetland （1.71 ± 0.73） ng/m^3, the positive phosphine emission flux occurred in rice paddy field （6.67 ± 5.18） ng/（m^***） and marsh （6.23 ± 26.9） ng/（m^***）, while a negative phosphine flux of （-13.11 ± 35.04） ng/（m^***） was observed on the water-air interface of Lake Taihu, suggesting that paddy field and marsh may be important sources for phosphine gas in atmosphere, while lake may be a sink of atmospheric phosphine gas during the sampling period. Atmospheric phosphine levels and emission flux from Yancheng marsh and rice paddy field varied in different seasons and vegetational zones. Both diffusion resistance in aqueous phase and temperature were dominating factors for the production and transportation of phosphine to atmosphere.

关键词： phosphine flux wetland ecosystems

The first determination of atmospheric phosphine in Antarctica

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第1期52卷 131-135页

作者： ZHU RenBin KONG DeMing SUN LiGuang GENG JinJu wang xiaorong Institute of Polar Environment University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

It is generally thought that phosphine (PH3) concentrations exist at the low ng/m3 level during the night and at the pg/m3 level during daylight in the remote atmosphere of the lower troposphere. The first de- termination of gaseous PH3 on the Antarctic Millor Peninsula is reported in this paper. No PH3 was de- tected in the air samples around 10:00 when it was sunny. However, PH3 was found in all the 10:00 air samples when it was cloudy or light snow with the average of 75.3±28.8 ng/m3 (n=5). It was also found in nearly all the samples around 22:00 with the average of 87.2±70.9 ng/m3 (n=11). Atmospheric PH3 concentrations around 22:00 were generally higher than those around 10:00 in January and they were almost the same in February. In addition, PH3 concentrations around 22:00 showed a downtrend with the decreasing air temperature, suggesting that light intensity and air temperature had an important effect on atmospheric PH3 concentration. It is very surprising to have found that high concentrations of PH3 exist in the Antarctic atmosphere under the influence of strong UV-radiation and light intensity. The tentative analyses show that dry, cold and very clean atmosphere may be very suitable for the PH3 sur- vival and cause the concentration to increase and accumulate in the local atmosphere. New ap- proaches for the PH3 formation and the process of atmospheric chemistry may exist under such an extreme environment. Atmospheric PH3 may also be from the emissions of local sources.

关键词：三氢化磷南极洲大气构成成分

Responses of rice growth to copper stress under free-air CO_2 enrichment (FACE)

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第19期52卷 2636-2641页

作者： JIA HaiXia GUO HongYan YIN Ying wang Qiang SUN Qin wang xiaorong ZHU JianGuo State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of Environment Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China

The responses of rice to the second degree contamination of copper were studied by pot experiments under free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) with 570 μmol·mol-1 of CO2. The results showed that the content of copper in rice leaves was reduced with the CO2 concentration reaching 570 μmol·mol-1 and this happened more significantly under the second degree contamination of copper. Under FACE, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme in rice leaves treated by copper contamination were induced, whereas the contents of glutathione (GSH) and glutathione disulfide (GSSG) had no significant difference from the control. In the presence of ambient CO2, activities of SOD enzyme treated by copper pollution were suppressed during the whole rice growth, however, the contents of GSH and GSSG were induced at tillering and jointing stages, and then restored to the control levels in later growth under the second degree contamination of copper. With the rice growing, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) rises continuously, but there had been no significant difference between the treatments at the same growth stage. Further studies are needed on the response mechanism of rice to Cu stress under elevated CO2.

关键词：铜压力大米生长状态 CO2浓缩油污染