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基于RS与GIS的榆林地区土地利用变化分析

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水土保持学报 2003年第2期17卷 97-99,140页

作者：李忠锋王一谋冯毓荪王建华马安青中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所甘肃兰州730000

根据1986年和2.00年2.TM影像资料和其它辅助资料,运用人机交互目视解译方法以及地理信息系统的空间分析和数理统计功能,分析了榆林地区土地利用变化的数量变化、变化速度和区域差异等特征,以及各类型之间的转化情况。结果表明:14年间,... 详细信息

根据1986年和2.00年2.TM影像资料和其它辅助资料,运用人机交互目视解译方法以及地理信息系统的空间分析和数理统计功能,分析了榆林地区土地利用变化的数量变化、变化速度和区域差异等特征,以及各类型之间的转化情况。结果表明:14年间,榆林地区未利用地减少1305.56km2.耕地、林地、草地分别增加567.11,99.6,616.79km2.未利用地和建设用地的年变化率最大,分别为1.11%及0.91%;土地利用变化存在明显的区域差异;各类型间的转化突出表现为未利用地向草地转化,草地向林地和耕地转化。

关键词： RS GIS 榆林地区土地利用变化地理信息系统遥感技术马尔可夫矩阵

The 2.2. report of synergetic roadmap on carbon neutrality and clean air for China:Accelerating transition in key sectors

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environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第3期19卷 4-18页

作者： Yu Lei Zhicong Yin Xi Lu Qiang Zhang Jicheng Gong Bofeng Cai Cilan Cai Qimin Chai Huopo Chen Renjie Chen Shi Chen Wenhui Chen Jing Cheng Xiyuan Chi Hancheng Dai Xiangzhao Feng Guannan Geng jianlin Hu Shan Hu Cunrui Huang Tiantian li Wei li Xiaomei li Jun liu Xin liu Zhu liu Jinghui Ma Yue Qin Dan Tong Xuhui wang Xuying wang Rui Wu Qingyang Xiao Yang Xie Xiaolong Xu Tao Xue Haipeng Yu Da Zhang Ning Zhang Shaohui Zhang Shaojun Zhang Xian Zhang Xin Zhang Zengkai Zhang Bo Zheng Yixuan Zheng jian Zhou Tong Zhu Jinnan wang Kebin He Center of Air Quality Simulation and System Analysis Chinese Academy of Environmental PlanningBeijing100041China Center for Carbon Neutrality Chinese Academy of Environmental PlanningBeijing100041China Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change(ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China institute for Carbon Neutrality Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modelling Department of Earth System ScienceTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China State Key Joint Laboratory for Environment Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering and Center for Environment and HealthPeking UniversityBeijing100871China National Center for Climate Change Strategy and International CooperationBeijing100035China Nansen-Zhu International research Centre Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China School of Public Health Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of HealthFudan UniversityShanghai200032China School of Economics and Management Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China Department of Earth System Science University of CaliforniaIrvineCA92697USA National Meteorological Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China College of environmental sciences and {2. Peking UniversityBeijing100871China Policy research Center for Environment and Economy Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of ChinaBeijing100029China jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring

China is now confronting the intertwined challenges of air pollution and climate *** the high synergies between air pollution abatement and climate change mitigation,the {2. government is actively promoting synergetic control of these two *** Synergetic Roadmap project was launched in 2.2. to track and analyze the progress of synergetic control in China by developing and monitoring key *** Synergetic Roadmap 2.2. report is the first annual update,featuring 2. indicators across five aspects:synergetic governance system and practices,progress in structural transition,air pollution and associated weather-climate interactions,sources,sinks,and mitigation pathway of atmospheric composition,and health impacts and benefits of coordinated *** to the comprehensive review presented in the 2.2. report,the Synergetic Roadmap 2.2. report places particular emphasis on progress in 2.2. with highlights on actions in key sectors and the relevant *** milestones include the proportion of non-fossil power generation capacity surpassing coal-fired capacity for the first time,a decline in the production of crude steel and cement after years of growth,and the surging penetration of electric ***,in 2.2.,China issued the first national policy that synergizes abatements of pollution and carbon emissions,marking a new era for China's pollution-carbon *** changes highlight China's efforts to reshape its energy,economic,and transportation structures to meet the demand for synergetic control and sustainable ***,the country has witnessed a slowdown in carbon emission growth,improved air quality,and increased health benefits in recent years.

关键词： Synergetic roadmap Carbon neutrality Clean air

Leaf pigment retrieval using the PROSAIL model: Influence of uncertainty in prior canopy-structure information

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The Crop Journal 2022年第5期10卷 1251-1263页

作者： Jia Sun Lunche wang shuo Shi Zhenhai {2. {2. Yang Wei Gong Shaoqiang wang Torbern Tagesson Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and environmental Change School of Geography and Information EngineeringChina University of GeoscienceWuhan 430079HubeiChina Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science Lund UniversityLund 117 SE-22100Sweden State Key Laboratory of Information engineering in Surveying Mappingand Remote SensingWuhan UniversityWuhan 430079HubeiChina Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing in Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in AgricultureBeijing 100097China Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management University of CopenhagenCopenhagen 1172Denmark

Leaf pigments are critical indicators of plant photosynthesis,stress,and physiological *** of radiative transfer models(RTMs)is a promising method for robustly retrieving leaf biochem-ical traits from canopy observations,and adding prior information has been effective in alleviating the“ill-posed”problem,a major challenge in model *** structure parameters,such as leaf area index(LAI)and average leaf inclination angle(ALA),can serve as prior information for leaf pigment *** canopy spectra simulated from the PROSAIL model,we estimated the effects of uncertainty in LAI and ALA used as prior information for lookup table-based inversions of leaf chlorophyll(C _(ab))and car-otenoid(C_(ar)).The retrieval accuracies of the two pigments were increased by use of the priors of LAI(RMSE of C_(ab) from 7.67 to 6.32.g cm^(-2.,C_(ar) from 2.41 to 2.2.μg cm^(-2.)and ALA(RMSE of C_(ab) from 7.67 to 5.72.g cm^(-2.,C_(ar) from 2.41 to 2.2.μg cm^(-2.).However,this improvement deteriorated with an increase of additive and multiplicative uncertainties,and when 40% and 2.% noise was added to LAI and ALA respectively,these priors ceased to increase retrieval *** using an experimental winter wheat dataset also showed that compared with C_(ar),the estimation accuracy of C_(ab) increased more or deteriorated less with uncertainty in prior canopy *** study demonstrates possible limita-tions of using prior information in RTM inversions for retrieval of leaf biochemistry,when large uncer-tainties are present.

关键词： Leaf pigment PROSAIL model Canopy structure Chlorophyll content Leaf area index Leaf angle distribution

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淮河流域土霉素水质基准及生态风险评估

环境生态学 2024年第10期6卷 68-74,135页

作者：谷立坤任张航刘萌硕程君怡郑元林彭赵旭王莉张建云河南工程学院环境与生物工程学院河南郑州450001 郑州大学生态与环境学院河南郑州450001 郑州大学水利与土木工程学院河南郑州450001

土霉素是最常见的四环素类药物之一,在畜牧业中应用广泛。规模化养殖企业废水达标排放,抗生素浓度不是必测指标,可能危害地表水生态系统。目前我国抗生素水质标准制定存在缺失,淮河流域土霉素标准限值、土霉素浓度、生态风险评估相关研... 详细信息

土霉素是最常见的四环素类药物之一,在畜牧业中应用广泛。规模化养殖企业废水达标排放,抗生素浓度不是必测指标,可能危害地表水生态系统。目前我国抗生素水质标准制定存在缺失,淮河流域土霉素标准限值、土霉素浓度、生态风险评估相关研究少,尚未以保护该流域水生生物为目标开展水质基准相关研究。本研究采用物种敏感度分布法,基于大型溞、鲤鱼、普通水螅等6门9科11种急性毒性数据,推导出土霉素淡水生物短期水质基准为92.52.g/L,基于模糊网纹溞、臂尾轮虫、大型溞、四尾栅藻、普通水螅等6门10科10种慢性毒性数据,推导出土霉素淡水生物长期水质基准为75.85μg/L,建议土霉素长期水质基准75.85μg/L作为淮河流域土霉素标准值。生态风险评估结果显示淮河流域层面土霉素不对河流生物完整性构成威胁,但畜牧业发达地区水环境土霉素均值显著偏高,需加大对养殖企业排口附近水域或河流枯水季等稀释比较小季节土霉素的检测与控制,减少对水生生物完整性冲击。

关键词：土霉素淮河流域水生生物基准急慢性毒性生态风险评估

Toward an improved data stewardship and service for environmental and ecological science data in West China

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2011年第4期4卷 347-359页

作者： Xin li Zhuotong Nan Guodong Cheng Yongjian Ding lizong Wu liangxu wang jian wang Youhua Ran Hongxing li Xiaoduo Pan Zhongming Zhu cold and arid {2. environmental and engineering research institute Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Scientific Information Center for Resources and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Sharing of scientific data can help scientific research to flourish and facilitate more widespread use of scientific data for the benefit of *** Environmental and Ecological Science Data Center for West China(WestDC),sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC),aims to collect,manage,integrate,and disseminate {2. and ecological data from western *** also aims to provide a long-term data service for multidisciplinary research within NSFC’s‘‘Environment and Ecology of West China research Plan’’(NSFC West Plan).An integrated platform has been developed by the WestDC,and this has the function of data sharing,acting as a knowledge *** data sets developed by the WestDC include basic geographic data,the regionalization of global data set for China,scientific data for cold and arid regions in China,scientific data for the cryosphere in countries that neighbor China,data relating to the inland river basins in northwestern China,and data submitted by the NSFC West Plan *** compliance with the‘‘full and open’’data sharing policy,most data in the WestDC can be accessed *** include detailed data documentation,the integration of data with bibliographic knowledge,data publishing,and data reference.

关键词： data center West China ecology environmental science data sharing digital infrastructure

Role of blowing snow in snow processes in Qilian Mountainous region

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research in cold and {2. regions 2014年第2期6卷 124-130页

作者： HongYi li jian {2. XiaoHua Hao cold and arid Region {2. and engineering research institute Chinese Academy of Sciences

Blowing snow is an important part of snow hydrologic processes in mountainous region, however the related researches were rare for the Qilian mountainous region where blowing snow is frequent. Using the observation dataset in 2.08 snow season in Binggou wa- tershed in Qilian mountainous region, we systematically studied the energy and mass processes of blowing snow by field observation and model simulation. The results include the analysis of snow observation, the occurrence probability of blowing snow, blowing snow transport and blowing snow sublimation. It was found that blowing snow was obvious in high altitude region （4,146 m）, the snow redislribution phenomena was remarkable. In Yakou station in the study region, blowing snow was easily occurred in midwinter and early spring when no snowmelt, the blowing snow transport was dominated in this period; when snowmelt beginning, the occur- rence probability of blowing snow decreased heavily because of the increasing air temperature, melt, and refrozen phenomena. The blowing snow sublimation accounted for 41.5% of total snow sublimation at Yakou station in 2.08 snow season.

关键词： blowing snow snow sublimation snow processes Qilian mountainous region

Groundwater characteristics and climate and ecological evolution in the Badain Jaran Desert in the southwest Mongolian Plateau

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China Geology 2021年第3期4卷 421-432页

作者： Zhe wang li-juan wang {2.-mei Shen Zhen-long Nie ling-qun Meng Le Cao Shi-bo Wei Xiang-feng Zeng China University of Geosciences(Wuhan) Wuhan 430074China institute of Hydrogeology and environmental Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesShijiazhuang 050061China Center for Hydrogeology and environmental Geology China Geological SurveyBaoding 071051China Alxa Right Banner administration of Alxa Desert World Geopark Alxa Right Banner 750306China

The Badain Jaran Desert is the third largest desert in China,covering an area of 50000 *** lies in Northwest China,where the arid and rainless natural environment has a great impact on the climate,environment,and human living *** on the results of 1∶2.0000 regional hydrogeological surveys and previous researches,this study systematically investigates the circulation characteristics and resource properties of the groundwater as well as the evolution of the climate and ecological environment since the Quaternary in the Badain Jaran Desert by means of geophysical exploration,hydrogeological drilling,hydrogeochemistry,and isotopic *** results are as follows.(1)The groundwater in the Badain Jaran Desert is mainly recharged through the infiltration of local precipitation and has poor *** groundwater recharge in the desert was calculated to be 1.8684×10^(8)m^(3)/a using the water balance method.(2.The Badain Jaran Desert has experienced four humid stages since the Quaternary,namely MIS 13-15,MIS 5,MIS 3,and the Early‒Middle Holocene,but the climate in the desert has shown a trend towards aridity *** average annual temperature in the Badain Jaran Desert has significantly increased in the past 50 *** detail,it has increased by about 2.5℃,with a higher rate in the south than in the ***,the precipitation amount has shown high spatial variability and the climate has shown a warming-drying trend in the past 50 years.(3)The lakes in the hinterland of the Badain Jaran Desert continuously shrank during 1973‒***,the vegetation communities maintained a highly natural distribution during 2.00‒2.16,with the vegetation cover has increased ***,the Badain Jaran Desert did not show any notable expansion in that *** study deepens the understanding of groundwater circulation and the climate and ecological evolution in the Badain Jaran *** will provide a scientific basis for the rational explo

关键词： Desert groundwater Water resource assessment Ecological environment Hydrogeological survey engineering Badain Jaran Desert Alxa Right Banner Southwest Mongolian Plateau China

GAST-SWMM耦合数值模型在大尺度城区致涝风险评估中的应用

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环境工程 2024年第4期42卷 82-90页

作者：银雅伦侯精明李欣怡栾广学高徐军王添沈健乔梦曦西安理工大学省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室西安710048 中规院(北京)规划设计有限公司北京100044

开展城区暴雨致涝风险评估对内涝整治及城市安全发展至关重要,以银川市310 km^(2.主城区为例,建立基于GPU加速技术的城市地表积涝及地下管网排水过程的GAST-SWMM高效高分辨率耦合模型。通过实测内涝积水点信息对模型进行验证,分别模拟2...

开展城区暴雨致涝风险评估对内涝整治及城市安全发展至关重要,以银川市310 km^(2.主城区为例,建立基于GPU加速技术的城市地表积涝及地下管网排水过程的GAST-SWMM高效高分辨率耦合模型。通过实测内涝积水点信息对模型进行验证,分别模拟2.年和30年一遇2. h长历时暴雨条件下研究区域规划前后的内涝区位及风险等级,并分析其内涝削减情况,绘制内涝风险图。结果表明:与实测值相比,模型模拟误差1.6%和45.03%,积水水深峰值削减率的平均值分别达到51.74%和56.05%,且高风险积水点全部降低为中风险与低风险。耦合数值模型在大尺度城区暴雨致涝风险评估中应用效果较好,研究结果对银川市暴雨易涝点防治及消除具有重要的参考价值。

关键词：一二维耦合模型数值模拟 GPU并行计算技术内涝风险评估大尺度城区

Microbial Community Changes Along a Land-Use Gradient of Desert Soil Origin

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Pedosphere 2012年第5期22卷 593-603页

作者： wang Bao-Zhan ZHANG Cai-Xia liU Ji-liang ZENG Xiao-Wei li Feng-Rui WU Yu-Cheng liN Xian-Gui XIONG Zheng-Qin XU jian JIA Zhong-Jun institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008(China) Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095(China) cold and arid {2. environmental and engineering research institute Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000(China) Qingdao institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101(China)

Soil harbors remarkably stabilize bacterial communities at the phylum level. However, no two soils have exactly the same structure of bacterial phyla. The structure of microbial community is strongly influenced by the type of land-use through changes in soil attributes. Using high-throughput pyrosequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction techniques, soil microbial community structures were investigated along a land-use gradient of 100- and 2.-year farmlands, a 33-year Pinus forest, a 2.-year poplar forest, and a 2.-year shrubland, as well as a native desert from which all cultivated systems were converted. The results revealed that the dominant phylotypes in the native soil comprised primarily of Alphaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes, accounting for 〉 71.4% of the total bacterial 16S rRNA sequence reads. Changes in land-use led to a significant decrease in these dominant phylotypes down to 33.4%. In contrast, the phylotypes with low abundance, such as Acidobaeteria, Chloroflexi, Nitrospira, and Gammaproteobaeteria, increased sharply from 4.5%-5.9% in the native soil to 2..9% 30.2. of the total 16S rRNA gene sequences in the cultivated soils except for the soil from the shrubland. These contrasting changes in the major taxa appear to be correlated with the changes in soil attributes. For instance, bacterial and archaeal amoA genes were found to be 960- and 3 800-fold more abundant in the soil from the 100-year farmland than the native soil. The changes in numerically less dominant nitrifying phylotypes are consistent with soil inorganic nitrogen dynamics. Quantification of the 16S rRNA genes demonstrated that bacteria and archaea were about two to three orders of magnitude more abundant in the cultivated soil than in the native soil. Hence, land-use type affects the soil bacterial community structure, which has profound consequences on ecosystem function.

关键词： amoA ecosystem functions land-use type polymerase chain reaction pyrosequencing