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Rapid transport of insulin to the brain following intranasal administration in rats

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第6期14卷 1046-1051页

作者： Lir-wan fan Kathleen Carter Abhay Bhatt Yi Pang Department of Pediatrics University of Mississippi Medical Center

We previously reported that intranasal insulin protects substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons against6-hydroxydopamine neurotoxicity in rats. This study aimed to assess insulin pharmacokinetics in the rat brain following intranasal application. Recombinant human insulin(rh-Ins) or phosphate buffer solution was administered to both nostrils of rats. Animals were sacrificed at 15 minutes, 1, 2, and 6 hours to determine insulin levels in different brain regions by an ultrasensitive, human-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. For fluorescence tracing study, rats were administered with intranasal florescence-tagged insulin(Alex546-Ins), and brains were fixed at 10 and 30 minutes to prepare sagittal ***-Ins was detected in all brain regions examined except the cerebral cortex. The highest levels were detected in the brainstem, followed by the cerebellum, substantia nigra/ventral tegmental area, olfactory bulb,striatum, hippocampus, and thalamus/hypothalamus. Insulin levels reached a peak at 15 minutes and then declined gradually overtime, but remained significantly higher than baseline levels at 6 hours in most ***, widespread Alex546-Ins-binding cells were detected in the brain at 10 and 30 minutes, with the olfactory bulb and brainstem showing the highest while the cerebral cortex showing lowest fluorescence signals. Double-immunostaining showed that Alex546-Ins-bindings were primarily co-localized with neuronal nuclei-positive neurons. In the subtantia nigra, phospho-Akt was found to be activated in a subset of Alex546-Ins and tyrosine hydroxylase double-labeled cells, suggesting activation of the Akt/PI3 K pathway in these dopaminergic neurons. Data from this study suggest that intranasal insulin could effectively reach deep brain structures including the nigrostriatal pathways, where it binds to dopaminergic neurons and activates intracellular cell survival signaling. This study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care Committ

关键词： dopaminergic neurons striatum substantia nigra brainstem olfactory bulb glia trigeminal nerve pharmacokinetics axonal transport pAkt

Roles of Optineurin and Extracellular Vesicles in Glaucomatous Retinal Cell Loss

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Current Medical Science 2023年第2期43卷 367-375页

作者： Chao-ye DUAN wan-lin fan Fei CHEN Department of Ophthalmology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan430060China Department of Ophthalmology University of CologneFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneCologne50937Germany Department of Ophthalmology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China

Objective To explore the role of extracellular vesicles(EVs)in the pathogenesis of glaucoma caused by E50K *** A photoreceptor cell line,RGC-5,was transfected with empty plasmids and plasmids expressing wild-type(WT)optineurin(OPTN)or E50K OPTN to investigate the effects of OPTN glaucoma as well as to identify the role of EVs in glaucoma *** RGC-5 cells were also stimulated with glutamate,and their viability was evaluated using flow cytometry or CCK-8 *** were extracted,labeled with PKH-26,and added into the medium for normal RGC-5 culture,and the status of the cells was observed *** WT OPTN overexpression,E50K OPTN,and glutamate stimulation induced apoptosis of RGC-5 ***,when glutamate stimulation was used as an add-on treatment,the degree of apoptosis in WT OPTN-overexpressing RGC-5 cells was significantly lower than that in E50K OPTN-expressing and normal RGC-5 *** viability of normal RGC-5 cells was reduced when co-cultured with WT OPTN-overexpressing RGC-5 or E50K OPTN-overexpressing *** released by the latter two transfected lines similarly reduced normal RGC-5 *** Our results indicate that WT OPTN overexpression may lead to photoreceptor ***,overexpression also confers a degree of protection against high concentrations of extracellular ***,EVs released by transfected RGC-5 cells may regulate the cell *** findings may improve our understanding of the mechanisms of cell-cell interactions in pathological conditions,providing a basis for the use of EVs as novel targets for early diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma.

关键词： E50K mutation extracellular vesicles glaucoma optineurin RGC-5 photoreceptor cell line

Abundance and Diversity of RuBisCO Genes Responsible for CO_2 Fixation in Arid Soils of Northwest China

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Pedosphere 2015年第1期25卷 150-159页

作者： TANG Zhi-Xi fan Fen-Liang wan Yun-fan WEI Wei LAI Li-Ming State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Nutrition and Fertilization Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Climate Change Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Arid soils where water and nutrients are scarce occupy over 30% of the Earth's total surface. However, the microbial autotrophy in the harsh environments remains largely unexplored. In this study, the abundance and diversity of autotrophic bacteria were investigated, by quantifying and profiling the large subunit genes of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase(Ru Bis CO) form I(cbb L) responsible for CO2 fixation, in the arid soils under three typical plant types(Haloxylon ammodendron, Cleistogenes chinensis,and Reaumuria soongorica) in Northwest China. The bacterial communities in the soils were also characterized using the 16 S r RNA gene. Abundance of red-like autotrophic bacteria ranged from 3.94 × 105 to 1.51 × 106 copies g-1dry soil and those of green-like autotrophic bacteria ranged from 1.15 × 106 to 2.08 × 106 copies g-1dry soil. Abundance of both red- and green-like autotrophic bacteria did not significantly differ among the soils under different plant types. The autotrophic bacteria identified with the cbb L gene primer were mainly affiliated with Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria and an uncultured bacterial group, which were not detected in the 16 S r RNA library. In addition, 25.9% and 8.1% of the 16 S r RNA genes were affiliated with Cyanobacteria in the soils under H. ammodendron and R. soongorica, respectively. However, no Cyanobacteria-affiliated cbb L genes were detected in the same soils. The results suggested that microbial autotrophic CO2 fixation might be significant in the carbon cycling of arid soils, which warrants further exploration.

关键词： autotrophic bacteria carbon cycling cbb L harsh environments real-time polymerase chain reaction

Ortho-hydroxy assisted and copper-catalyzed oxidation of benzylic alcohol

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第25期55卷 2817-2819页

作者： wan ChangFeng fan JinMin ZHANG JinTang wanG ZhiYong Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale Joint-Lab of Green Synthetic Chemistry and Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China

An efficient and simple protocol for the synthesis of o-hydroxyarylketones has been developed. The reaction proceeds smoothly with catalytic amounts of copper catalyst under air atmosphere without ligands. This study indicates that the o-hydroxy plays an important role in the oxidation of alcohol to the corresponding carbonyl compounds.

关键词：催化氧化铜催化剂邻羟基苄醇羰基化合物空气气氛配体

Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and slaughter traits of male fattening lambs under different feeding standards

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Animal Nutrition 2019年第1期5卷 74-79页

作者： Tao Ma fan wan Dong Yang Kaidong Deng Kailun Yang Qiyu Diao Feed Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Xinjiang Agricultural University College of Animal Science Jinling Institute of Technology

This study compared the growth performance, nutrient utilization, and slaughter traits of Dorper crossbred male lambs fed as per the established nutrition recommendations for sheep, with an aim to verify the efficacy of different feeding standards. A total of 576 lambs(4 months of age, 28.3 ± 0.86 kg BW) were randomly allotted to 3 treatments with 12 replicates per treatment(16 lambs per replicate).The lambs were fed diets formulated according to the following 3 nutritional systems: the nutrient requirements of Dorper crossbred lambs established by Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS),NRC(National Research Council),(2007), and AFRC(Agricultural and Food Research Council)(1993). The experiment lasted for 81 d. Feed intake was recorded every 3 days, and lambs were weighed every 20 days. Digestibility trials were conducted with 6 lambs each group from d 42 to 53 and d 70 to 81. At the end of the experiment, 10 lambs randomly chosen from each group were sacrificed to determine the carcass traits and meat quality. The results indicated that the lambs in the NRC group had the highest dry matter intake(DMI), followed by those in the AFRC and CAAS groups(P 0.05). In conclusion, Dorper crossbred lambs fed diets formulated according to the CAAS recommendations exhibited superior growth performance than those fed diets formulated according to the American or British feeding standards.

关键词： Feeding standard Lamb Requirement Energy Protein

Dysregulation of neurogenesis by neuroinflammation:key differences in neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第3期12卷 366-371页

作者： Lir-wan fan Yi Pang ackson MSUSA

Embryonic neurogenesis is the process of generating neurons,the functional units of the *** of its sensitivity to adverse intrauterine environment such as infection,dysregulation of this process has emerged as a key mechanism underlying many neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorders（ASD）.Adult neurogenesis,although is restricted to a few neurogenic niches,plays pivotal roles in brain plasticity and *** evidence suggests that impairments in adult neurogenesis are involved in major neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer＇s disease.A hallmark feature of these brain disorders is neuroinflammation,which can either promote or inhibit neurogenesis depending upon the context of brain *** this review paper,we present evidence from both experimental and human studies to show a complex picture of relationship between these two events,and discussed potential factors contributing to different or even opposing actions of neuroinflammation on neurogenesis in neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders.

关键词： microglia neurodegeneration autism embryonic neurogenesis adult neurogenesis cytokine aging

The D’Alembert type waves and the soliton molecules in a (2+1)-dimensional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili with its hierarchy equation

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2021年第10期73卷 14-22页

作者： Hui-Ling Wu Sheng-wan fan Jin-Xi Fei Zheng-Yi Ma Institute of Nonlinear Analysis and Department of Mathematics Lishui UniversityLishui 323000China Institute of Optoelectronic Technology and Department of Photoelectric Engineering Lishui UniversityLishui 323000China Department of Mathematics Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018China

For a one(2+1)-dimensional combined Kadomtsev-Petviashvili with its hierarchy equation, the missing D’Alembert type solution is derived first through the traveling wave transformation which contains several special kink molecule structures. Further, after introducing the B?cklund transformation and an auxiliary variable, the N-soliton solution which contains some soliton molecules for this equation, is presented through its Hirota bilinear form. The concrete molecules including line solitons, breathers and a lump as well as several interactions of their hybrid are shown with the aid of special conditions and parameters. All these dynamical features are demonstrated through the different figures.

关键词： Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation soliton molecule breather/lump soliton elastic interaction

Strategies for myelin regeneration: lessons learned from development

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第14期9卷 1347-1350页

作者： Abhay Bhatt Lir-wan fan Yi Pang Department of Pediatrics Division of Newborn MedicineUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenteracksonMSUSA

Myelin regeneration is indispensably important for patients suffering from several central nervous system （CNS） disorders such as multiple sclerosis （MS） and spinal cord injury （SCI）, because it is not only essential for restoring neurophysiology, but also protects denuded axons for secondary degeneration. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying remyelination is critical for the development of remyelination-specific therapeutic approaches. As remyelination shares certain common mechanisms with developmental myelination, knowledge from study of developmental myelination contributes greatly to emerging myelin regeneration therapies, best evidenced as the recently developed human anti-Nogo receptor interacting protein-1 （LINGO-1） monoclonal antibodies to treat MS patients in clinical trials.

关键词： oligodendrocyte myelination microglia multiple sclerosis white matter damage spinalcord injury

Oxidation Performance of Ytterbium Disilicate/Silicon Environmental Barrier Coating via Optimized Air Plasma Spraying

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2021年第4期9卷 19-26页

作者： Yingjie Jian Yanfei wang Rongjun Liu fan wan Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory National University of Defense Technology Changsha China

Environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) play a critical role in mitigating the degradation of SiCf/SiC ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) in complex combustion environment, and improve the service life of thermal engine components. In this paper, by adjusting the parameters of atmospheric plasma spraying (APS), the spraying process of ytterbium disilicate (Yb2Si2O7) under a lower power has been optimized. A two-layer EBC system consisting of ytterbium disilicate and silicon is prepared on the SiCf/SiC composite substrate by using optimized technological parameters. The thermal resistance and water oxygen corrosion resistance of such two-layer EBC system are investigated. The results indicate that the current ytterbium disilicate/silicon EBC system exhibits good phase stability, excellent water vapor and oxygen corrosion resistance. However, the exposed silicon bonding layer tends to generate an excessive thermal growth oxide (TGO) layer known as SiO2, leading to an early spallation of the coating.

关键词： Environmental Barrier Coating Air Plasma Spraying Ytterbium Disilicate SiCf/SiC Composites