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Prevalence and Correlates of Prediabetes and Diabetes Results-I: A Screening Plan in a Selected Military Community in Central Saudi Arabia

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2017年第1期7卷 12-30页

作者： Raouf M. afifi Ashraf E. Saad Ahmed Al Shehri Community Health Research Institute International Management-Health Services Indianapolis IN USA Community Medicine Program Armed Forces Hospitals Taif KSA Preventive Medicine Department Armed Forces Hospital at Wadi Al-Dawasir Riyadh KSA Family Medicine Department Armed Forces Hospital at Wadi Al-Dawasir Riyadh KSA

Background: Diabetes is a chronic disease of a genetic and environmental background. If it is not diagnosed and controlled early, it can have devastating complications. Aim: Measure and analyze the prevalence and risks of prediabetes and diabetes among recruits enlisted in the wadi Al-Dawasir (wD) military zone, central Saudi Arabia. The influence of some demographic criteria, weight, and blood pressure upon blood glucose level would be evaluated. Methods: A cross sectional design was utilized, whereas predesigned questionnaire and clinical interview were used to screen the study population. Results: The participants’ median age was 33.7 (IQR 11.9), mean body mass index (BMI) was 27.6 ± 5.4 kg/m2. Out of 531 recruits screened, almost two-thirds were either overweight (34.7%) or obese (29.9%). The mean waist circumference (wC) was 94.7 ± 13.3 cm;and 27.9% had central obesity (wC ≥102 cm). Random plasma glucose (RPG) median accounted 106 mg/dl (IQR 21). The participants’ RPG levels significantly increased by age (U = 19697.0), by BMI [H(df 5) = 59.6], and by wC (U = 25,670.5), (p rho(df 503) = 0.241, p U 3515, p 25 to ≥40 kg/m2) more than normal subjects [46 (87%) vs. 5 (0.9%)], [χ2(df 5) = 18.8, p Conclusions: Prediabetes and uncontrolled diabetes are relatively prevalent among Saudi recruits’ community. An insufficient influence of obesity for developing diabetes symptoms in the study population may well be attributed to time factor separating the two variables. A preventive approach to revert the predisposition of prediabetes in wD recruits population is quite promising.

关键词： Pre-Diabetes Diabetes wadi Al-Dawasir Saudi Arabia

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Treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles: a case report

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1207-1216页

作者： Pascal J.Goldschmidt-Clermont Aisha Khan George Jimsheleishvili Patricia Graham Adriana Brooks Risset Silvera Alexander J.P.Goldschmidt Damien D.Pearse w.Dalton Dietrich Allan D.Levi James D.Guest Miller School of Medicine University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Stem Cell Institute Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Alzady International LLC MiamiFLUSA Neurological Surgery Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA

Schwann cells are essential for the maintenance and function of motor neurons,axonal networks,and the neuromuscular *** amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,where motor neuron function is progressively lost,Schwann cell function may also be ***,important signaling and potential trophic activities of Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles have been *** case report describes the treatment of a patient with advanced amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using serial intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,marking,to our knowledge,the first instance of such *** 81-year-old male patient presented with a 1.5-year history of rapidly progressive amyotrophic lateral *** initial diagnosis,the patient underwent a combination of generic riluzole,sodium phenylbutyrate for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and *** patient volunteered to participate in an FDA-approved single-patient expanded access treatment and received weekly intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles to potentially restore impaired Schwann cell and motor neuron *** confirmed that cultured Schwann cells obtained from the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient via sural nerve biopsy appeared impaired(senescent)and that exposure of the patient’s Schwann cells to allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,cultured expanded from a cadaver donor improved their growth capacity in *** a period of observation lasting 10 weeks,during which amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised and pulmonary function were regularly monitored,the patient received weekly consecutive infusions of 1.54×1012(×2),and then consecutive infusions of 7.5×1012(×6)allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles diluted in 40 mL of Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered *** of the infusions were associated with adverse events such as infusion reactions(allergic or otherwise)or

关键词： allogeneic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis exosomes infusion neuromuscular junction Schwann cell

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Microbial Analysis of Drinking water from Randomly Selected Boreholes and Shallow wells around Hargeisa, Somaliland

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Advances in Microbiology 2022年第1期12卷 1-9页

作者： Mohamud Ahmed Farah Essam Abdulmuhsin afifi Nadira Harir Omar Ahmed Hussein Essa Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science Haldoor Medical University Hargeisa Somaliland Hargeisa water Quality Control Laboratory Hargeisa Water Agency Hargeisa Somaliland Department of Health Science Faculty of Medicine and Health Science Abaarso Tech University Hargeisa Somaliland

Background: Shallow wells and boreholes are vital sources of potable water in Hargeisa. This water can be polluted by runoff, in particular during the rainy season, causing outbreaks of waterborne infections. Objectives: This research aimed at evaluating the microbial quality of shallow wells and boreholes water around Hargeisa, Somaliland. Methods: The total coliform and Escherichia coli count were done by using the membrane filtration method. Overall, 100 ml of each water sample was filtered via a 0.45 μm membrane filter, and then the filters were put on m-Endo agar plates that were incubated at 37°C for 24 to 48 hours. Results: The mean value of total coliform counts for the boreholes and shallow wells ranged from 1.288 × 103 to 8.8 × 103 CFU/100ml, while the mean value of total E. coli counts also ranged from 3.5 × 102 to 4.429 × 103 CFU/100ml. Results from this study have demonstrated that all water sources (Arabsiyo, Dararweyne, Darasalaam, Dabaraqas, and Jaleelo) don’t comply with the wHO guideline for drinking water. Results from the analysis of water samples of 28 wells demonstrated a significant correlation between total coliform and E. coli counts (P = 0.01). Therefore, this water is not fit for human consumption unless it is treated. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated that all results of both mean values of total coliform and E. coli counts from groundwater of selected shallow wells and boreholes were beyond wHO standards, so water from Arabsiyo, Jaleelo, Dabaraqas, Dararweyne, and Darasalaam requires treatment before human consumption.

关键词： Membrane Filtration Method Escherichia Coli Coliform Shallow wells Boreholes Indole Colony Forming Unit Indole Citrate Triple Sugar Iron

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In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the antiangiogenic activities of Trigonella foenum-graecum extracts

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第8期7卷 732-738页

作者： Zina A.Habib-Martin Hana M.Hammad Fatma U.afifi Malek Zihlif Hamzeh J.Al-Ameer Mohanad M.Saleh Ismail F.Abaza Zeyad D.Nassar Department of Biology School of ScienceThe University of Jordan Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences School of PharmacyThe University of Jordan Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineThe University of Jordan School of Medicine and Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health University of Adelaide South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute

Objective: To assess the antiangiogcnic activity of ***: Different fractions of fenugreek crude extracts were prepared and their antiangiogenic properties were assessed using the ex vivo rat aortic ring assay and in vivo chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane(CAM) assay. They were investigated for their direct cytotoxic activity in the MCF7 cells using the MTT ***: The ethanol extract showed 100% inhibition of blood vessel outgrowth from primary tissue explants in the rat aortic ring assay at a concentration of 100μg/mL while the other extracts did not show significant antiangiogenic activity. The ethanol extract was therefore investigated at varying concentrations and exhibited a significant dose dependent effect. The CAM assay coincided with the results of the aortic ring assay as ethanol extract showed a significant inhibition of formation of new blood vessels. The extracts only showed anti-proliferative activity at the highest concentration of 400μg/mL towards MCF7 breast cancer cell lines in the MTT ***: Findings of the both assays confirmed that the ethanol extract inhibited vascularization significantly. Further studies on the ethanol extract would be beneficial in isolating the active ingredient responsible for the inhibition.

关键词： Fenugreek MCF7 Angiogenesis Rat aortic ring assay CAM assay MTT assay

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A review on MBE-grown HgCdSe infrared materials on GaSb(211)B substrates

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Chinese Physics B 2019年第1期28卷 116-125页

作者： Z K Zhang w w Pan J L Liu w Lei Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer EngineeringThe University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawley 6009Australia

we review our recent efforts on developing HgCdSe infrared materials on Ga Sb substrates via molecular beam epitaxy(MBE) for fabricating next generation infrared detectors with features of lower production cost and larger focal plane array format size. In order to achieve high-quality HgCdSe epilayers, ZnTe buffer layers are grown before growing HgCdSe, and the study of misfit strain in ZnTe buffer layers shows that the thickness of ZnTe buffer layer needs to be below 300 nm in order to minimize the generation of misfit dislocations. The cut-off wavelength/alloy composition of HgCdSe materials can be varied in a wide range by varying the ratio of Se/Cd beam equivalent pressure during the HgCdSe *** temperature presents significant impact on the material quality of HgCdSe, and lower growth temperature leads to higher material quality for HgCdSe. Typically, long-wave infrared HgCdSe(x = 0.18, cut-off wavelength of 10.4 μm at 80 K) presents an electron mobility as high as 1.3×10~5cm^2·V^(-1)·s^(-1), a background electron concentration as low as 1.6×10^(16)cm^(-3), and a minority carrier lifetime as long as 2.2 μs. These values of electron mobility and minority carrier lifetime represent a significant improvement on previous studies of MBE-grown HgCdSe reported in the open literatures,and are comparable to those of counterpart HgCdTe materials grown on lattice-matched CdZnTe substrates. These results indicate that HgCdSe grown at the University of western Australia, especially long-wave infrared can meet the basic material quality requirements for making high performance infrared detectors although further effort is required to control the background electron concentration to below 10^(15)cm^(-3). More importantly, even higher quality HgCdSe materials on GaSb are expected by further optimizing the growth conditions, using higher purity Se source material, and implementing postgrowth thermal annealing and defect/impurity gettering/filtering. Our results demonst

关键词： infrared detector HgCdSe GaSb molecular beam epitaxy

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Single vs. Double Dose Iron Supplementation for Prevention of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Twin Pregnancy: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2020年第12期10卷 1788-1802页

作者： Ahmed Mohammed Abbas Manal Mahmoud Elhalwagy Khaled afifi Khaled Ibrahim Mohamed Samir Sweed Obstetrics & Gynecology Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Obstetrics & Gynecology Helwan General Hospital Cairo Egypt

Introduction: It is estimated that about 18% of pregnant women suffer from iron deficiency anemia throughout their whole pregnancy. In twin pregnancy, owing to the relatively greater feto-placental requirements and greater expansion in maternal plasma volume and red cell mass, iron requirements are magnified 1.8 times compared to singleton pregnancies. However, for prevention of iron deficiency in twin pregnancy, only sparse data exist regarding the sufficiency of the standard antenatal iron supplementation dose used in singleton pregnancies to meet the increased iron demand. In this study, we investigate the effect of single and double dose iron supplementation for prevention of iron deficiency anemia in twin pregnancy. Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted at our center in the period between February 2019 and October 2020, and included 450 eligible healthy non-anemic women aged 18 - 35 year

关键词： Iron Supplementation Iron Deficiency Anemia Twin Pregnancy Hepcidin Mucosal Block

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Polymorphisms of the IGF1 gene and their association with growth traits, serum concentration and expression rate of IGF1 and IGF1R in buffalo

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2017年第12期18卷 1064-1074页

作者： Mohammed A.EL-MAGD Ayman A.SALEH Abeer A.NAFEAA Shymaa M.EL-KOMY Mohamed A.afifi Department of Anatomy&Embryology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineKafrelsheikh UniversityE1-Geish StreetKafrelsheikhEgypt Department of Animal wealth Development Veterinary Genetics&Genetic EngineeringFaculty of Veterinary MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazigEgypt Department of Physiology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBenha UniversityBenhaEgypt Department of Animal Production Faculty of AgricultureTanta UniversityTantaEgypt Department of Animal wealth Development BiostatisticsFaculty of Veterinary MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazigEgypt Department of Health Management Atlantic Veterinary CollegeUniversity of Prince Edward IslandCharlottetownPE C1A 4P3Canada

The insulin-like growth factor 1（IGF1） gene is a member of the group of somatotropin axis genes that play a significant role in cell proliferation and growth of muscles. Here, we searched for polymorphisms in buffalo IGF1 and found two novel single nucleotide polymorphisms（SNPs）, G64 A and G280A, in the noncoding sequences of exon 1 and exon 4, respectively. Statistical analysis of different genotypes showed that the individuals with GG genotypes had significantly（P〈0.05） higher body weight（Bw） and average daily gain（ADG） than those with other genotypes at ages of 3–6 months in G64A SNP and 6–9 months in G280A SNP. The combined genotypes of these two SNPs produced three haplotypes, GG/GG, AG/AG, and AA/AA, which were significantly associated（P〈0.0001） with Bw and ADG at an age from 3 to 12 months. Buffaloes with the homozygous GG/GG haplotype showed higher growth performance than other buffaloes. The two SNPs were correlated with m RNA levels of IGF1 and IGF1 receptor（IGF1 R） in semitendinosus muscle as well as with the serum concentration level of IGF1. Also, buffaloes with GG/GG haplotype showed higher m RNA and serum concentration levels. The data revealed that these two SNPs could be valuable genetic markers for selection of Egyptian buffaloes for better performance in the population.

关键词： Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) IGFIR Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) Growth traits Buffalo

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The Strategy of Escalation and Negotiation: The Iran Nuclear Dispute

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2019年第4期28卷 434-448页

作者： Tobias w. Langenegger Keith w. Hipel Department of Management Technology and Economics ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland Department of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada

The strategic decisions and resulting consequences surrounding the conflict between the United States of America (US) and Iran regarding the Iranian nuclear program are formally investigated using a flexible decision methodology called the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution (GMCR). This highly controversial dispute caught the world's attention as concerns were growing that Iran would reach a position where it would be able to build nuclear weapons, thereby posing a risk to world security. while Iran insisted on its rights for the peaceful use of nuclear technology;the international community;led by the US, tried to discourage the nuclear activities of Iran to ensure its obligations to the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons. This led to an escalation of tension on both sides, with an extension of the nuclear program by Iran and an increase in sanctions by the US, before it was possible to arrive at a negotiated agreement. As demonstrated in this paper, a systematic GMCR investigation provides valuable strategic insights into this important conflict. Further, it illustrates ways in which the conflict could have evolved, as well as mechanisms for stopping an escalation like this in the future.

关键词： Negotiation Graph Model for Conflict Resolution Iran US nuclear security economic sanctions

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Analysis on the velocity relationship and deceleration of long-rod penetration

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2019年第4期35卷 852-865页

作者： w.J.Jiao X.w. Chen Department of Modern Mechanics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230027 China Institute of Systems Engineering China Academy of Engineering Physics Mianyang621999 China The State Key Lab of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China

The relationship between the average penetration velocity,UˉUˉ,and the initial impact velocity, V0V0,in long-rod penetration has been studied recently. Experimental and simulation results all show the linear relationship between UˉUˉ and V0V0 over a wide range of V0V0 for different combinations of rod and target materials. However, the physical essence has not been fully *** this paper, the Uˉ?V0Uˉ?V0relationship is profoundly analyzed using hydrodynamic model and Alekseevskii-Tate model. Especially, the explicitUˉ?V0Uˉ?V0 relationships are derived fromapproximate solutions of Alekseevskii-Tate model. Besides, the decelerationin long-rod penetration is discussed. The decelerationdegree is quantified by adeceleration index,α=2μˉ/(KΦJp)≈Ypρ?1/2p(ρ?1/2p+ρ?1/2t)V?20α=2μˉ/(KΦJp)≈Ypρp?1/2(ρp?1/2+ρt?1/2)V0?2, which is mostly related to the impact velocity, rod strength and rod/target densities. Thus, the state of penetration process can be identified and designed in experiments.

关键词： Long-rod penetration Average penetration velocity Initial impact velocity Alekseevskii-Tate model Deceleration

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Effect of Al addition and heat treatment on the microstructures and corrosion resistance of Mg-Cu alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第3期98卷 219-232页

作者： X.w.wang w.wang w.Chen D.M.Chen Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China College of Material Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China

The effects of Al content and annealing condition on the microstructures and corrosion performances of Mg-3 wt.%Cu-xAl(x=0,4 wt.%,8 wt.%)alloys were *** Mg-3 wt.%Cu alloy contains Mg_(2)Cu phase,but Al-bearing alloys contain MgAlCu and Mg_(17)Al_(12) *** Mg_(2)Cu and MgAlCu phases exhibit much higher Volta potential compared to Mg_(17)Al_(12) and α-Mg,and their volume fractions are related to Al content of alloys and annealing *** weight loss measurement and electrochemical tests are conducted to explore the corrosion performances of *** close relationship between weight loss rate of alloys and volume fraction of Cu-bearing phases indicates that the corrosion performances of alloys can be controlled by adjusting Al content of alloys and annealing conditions.

关键词： Magnesium Intermetallics weight loss EIS(electrochemical impedance spectroscopy)

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