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Electron kinetic effects in back-stimulated Raman scattering bursts driven by broadband laser pulses

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 54-67页

作者： Q.K.Liu L.Deng Q.wang x.Zhang F.Q.Meng Y.P.wang Y.Q.gao H.B.Cai S.P.Zhu graduate School China Academy of Engineering PhysicsBeijing 100088China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100094China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma Shanghai 201800China HEDPS Center for Applied Physics and TechnologyPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

we examine electron kinetic effects in broadband-laser-driven back-stimulated Raman scattering(BSRS)bursts using particle-in-cell *** bursts occur during the nonlinear stage,causing reflectivity spikes and generating large numbers of hot ***-duration simulations are performed to observe burst events,and a simplified model is developed to eliminate the interference of the broadband laser’s random intensity *** the simplified model,we isolate and characterize the spectrum of electron plasma *** spectrum changes from a sideband structure to a turbulence-like structure during the burst.A significant asymmetry in the spectrum is *** asymmetry is amplified and transferred to electron phase space by high-intensity broadband laser pulses,leading to violent vortex-merging and generation of hot *** proportion of hot electrons increases from 6.76%to 14.7%during a single violent burst *** demonstrate that kinetic effects profoundly influence the BSRS evolution driven by broadband lasers.

关键词： scattering kinetic simplified

Multiple sclerosis drug repurposing for neuroregeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 507-508页

作者： Peter göttle Michael Dietrich Patrick Küry Department of Neurology Medical FacultyHeinrich-Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany

Multiple sclerosis(MS)is an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system(CNS)and is primarily characterized by immune cell infiltration leading to relapses followed by remission phases and a disease course turning progressive over time with neurodegenerative processes taking over(Amin and Hersh,2023).Of note,beyond relapse-associated worsening early in disease progression independent of relapse activity may arise independently of relapse activity and can occur in all ***-mediated damage of myelin sheaths and the subsequent loss of mature oligodendrocytes are resulting in impaired axonal integrity,neurodegeneration and accounts for irreversible neuronal damage(Kuhlmann et al.,2023).The current landscape of available disease-modifying therapies comprises mainly immunomodulatory drugs that effectively diminish relapses and slow down progression at the onset form of the disease,namely relapsing MS(RMS).In this regard,a number of drugs have been approved as disease-modifying therapies for MS by US Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agencies(Box 1).

关键词： drugs impaired irreversible

Implementation of Fuzzy Logic Control into an Equivalent Minimization Strategy for Adaptive Energy Management of A Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2024年第1期14卷 88-118页

作者： Jared A. Diethorn Andrew C. Nix Mario g. Perhinschi w. Scott wayne Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering West Virginia University Morgantown WV USA

As government agencies continue to tighten emissions regulations due to the continued increase in greenhouse gas production, automotive industries are seeking to produce increasingly efficient vehicle technology. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) have been introduced to mitigate problems while improving fuel economy. HEVs have led to the demand of creating more advanced controls software to consider multiple components for propulsive power in a vehicle. A large section in the software development process is the implementation of an optimal energy management strategy meant to improve the overall fuel efficiency of the vehicle. Optimal strategies can be implemented when driving conditions are known a prior. The Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy (ECMS) is an optimal control strategy that uses an equivalence factor to equate electrical to mechanical power when performing torque split determination between the internal combustion engine and electric motor for propulsive and regenerative torque. This equivalence factor is determined from offline vehicle simulations using a sensitivity analysis to provide optimal fuel economy results while maintaining predetermined high voltage battery state of charge (SOC) constraints. when the control hierarchy is modified or different driving styles are applied, the analysis must be redone to update the equivalence factor. The goal of this work is to implement a fuzzy logic controller that dynamically updates the equivalence factor to improve fuel economy, maintain a strict charge sustaining window of operation for the high voltage battery, and reduce computational time required during algorithm development. The adaptive algorithm is validated against global optimum fuel economy and charge sustaining results from a sensitivity analysis performed for multiple drive cycles. Results show a maximum fuel economy improvement of 9.82% when using a mild driving style and a 95% success rate when maintaining an ending SOC within 5% of th

关键词： Hybrid Electric Vehicle Fuzzy Logic Adaptive Control Charge Sustainability

Reversed charge transfer induced by nickel in Fe-Ni/Mo_(2)C@nitrogen-doped carbon nanobox for promoted reversible oxygen electrocatalysis

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 202-212,I0005页

作者： Zhicheng Nie Lei Zhang Qiliang Zhu Zhifan Ke Yingtang Zhou Thomas wågberg guangzhi Hu School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001AnhuiChina Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes School of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan UniversityKunming 650504YunnanChina National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture Marine Science and Technology CollegeZhejiang Ocean UniversityZhoushan 316004ZhejiangChina Department of Physics UmeåUniversityUmeåS-90187Sweden

The interaction between metal and support is critical in oxygen catalysis as it governs the charge transfer between these two entities,influences the electronic structures of the supported metal,affects the adsorption energies of reaction intermediates,and ultimately impacts the catalytic *** this study,we discovered a unique charge transfer reversal phenomenon in a metal/carbon nanohybrid ***,electrons were transferred from the metal-based species to N-doped carbon,while the carbon support reciprocally donated electrons to the metal domain upon the introduction of *** led to the exceptional electrocatalytic performances of the resulting Ni-Fe/Mo_(2)C@nitrogen-doped carbon catalyst,with a half-wave potential of 0.91 V towards oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and a low overpotential of 290 m V at 10 mA cm^(-2)towards oxygen evolution reaction(OER)under alkaline ***,the Fe-Ni/Mo_(2)C@carbon heterojunction catalyst demonstrated high specific capacity(794 mA h g_(Zn)~(-1))and excellent cycling stability(200 h)in a Zn-air *** calculations revealed that Mo_(2)C effectively inhibited charge transfer from Fe to the support,while secondary doping of Ni induced a charge transfer reversal,resulting in electron accumulation in the Fe-Ni alloy *** local electronic structure modulation significantly reduced energy barriers in the oxygen catalysis process,enhancing the catalytic efficiency of both ORR and ***,our findings underscore the potential of manipulating charge transfer reversal between the metal and support as a promising strategy for developing highly-active and durable bi-functional oxygen electrodes.

关键词： Metal-support interaction Charge transfer reversal Oxygen reduction reaction Oxygen evolution reaction Zinc-air battery

Journal of Hepatology|代谢生物标志物显著增强了对HBV相关慢加急性肝衰竭发生和结果的预测

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临床肝胆病杂志 2024年第2期40卷 257-257页

作者：冯悦高沿航吉林大学第一医院感染病与病原生物学中心肝胆胰内科

慢加急性肝衰竭(ACLF)是一种与慢性肝病患者高短期病死率相关的临床综合征。慢性乙型肝炎是中国和亚洲其他国家ACLF(HBV-ACLF)的主要病因。为了提高ACLF患者的疾病管理和生存率,来自上海交通大学的张艳等进行了一项多中心前瞻性研究,旨... 详细信息

慢加急性肝衰竭(ACLF)是一种与慢性肝病患者高短期病死率相关的临床综合征。慢性乙型肝炎是中国和亚洲其他国家ACLF(HBV-ACLF)的主要病因。为了提高ACLF患者的疾病管理和生存率,来自上海交通大学的张艳等进行了一项多中心前瞻性研究,旨在发现新的生物标志物,以增强对HBV-ACLF的诊断和预测。该研究对1 024份血浆样本进行了代谢组学分析,这些样本来自入院时出现急性加重的HBV相关慢性肝病患者(367份ACLF和657份非ACLF)。将样本随机分为相等的两份,作为发现集和验证集。

关键词：慢性肝病患者临床综合征上海交通大学生物标志物血浆样本慢性乙型肝炎急性加重主要病因

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Optimization of chemistry and process parameters for control of intermetallic formation in Mg sludges

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1431-1448页

作者： Y.Fu g.g.wang A.Hu Y.Li K.B.Thacker J.P.weiler H.Hu Department of Mechanical Automotive and Materials EngineeringUniversity of Windsor401 Sunset AveWindsorOntario N9B 3P4Canada global Technology Centre Meridian Lightweight Technologies25 MacNab AveStrathroyOntario N7G 4H6Canada

Intermetallic formation in sludge during magnesium(Mg)melting,holding and high pressure die casting practices is a very important ***,very often it is overlooked by academia,original equipment manufacturers(OEM),metal ingot producers and even die *** aim of this study was to minimize the intermetallic formation in Mg sludge via the optimization of the chemistry and process *** Al8Mn5 intermetallic particles were identified by the microstructure analysis based on the Al and Mn *** design of experiment(DOE)technique,Taguchi method,was employed to minimize the intermetallic formation in the sludge of Mg alloys with various chemical compositions of Al,Mn,Fe,and different process parameters,holding temperature and holding *** sludge yield(SY)and intermetallic size(IS)was selected as two *** optimum combination of the levels in terms of minimizing the intermetallic formation were 9 wt.%Al,0.15 wt.%Mn,0.001 wt.%(10 ppm)Fe,690℃ for the holding temperature and holding at 30 mins for the holding time,*** best combination for smallest intermetallic size were 9 wt.%Al,0.15 wt.%Mn,0.001 wt.%(10 ppm)Fe,630℃ for the holding temperature and holding at 60 mins for the holding time,*** groups of sludge factors,Chemical Sludge(CSF),Physical Sludge(PSF)and Comprehensive Sludge Factors(and CPSF)were established for prediction of sludge yields and intermetallic sizes in Al-containing Mg *** CPSF with five independent variables including both chemical elements and process parameters gave high accuracy in prediction,as the prediction of the PSF with only the two processing parameters of the melt holding temperature and time showed a relatively large deviation from the experimental *** Chemical Sludge Factor was primarily designed for small ingot producers and die casters with a limited melting and holding capacity,of which process parameters could be fixed *** Physical Sludge Factor could be used f

关键词： Magnesium sludge Al-Mn intermetallic Optimization Taguchi method Sludge factor Chemical composition Process parameter

乡村教师使用数字化教学资源的责任伦理及风险应对

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中国电化教育 2024年第8期 102-109页

作者：龚洪陈恩伦唐旭西南大学教师教育学院重庆北碚400715 武昌理工学院文法学院湖北武汉430223 西南大学继续教育学院重庆北碚400715

教育数字化转型进程里,确保乡村教师坚守数字与信息责任伦理,已成为合理运用数字资源提升高质量教学的职业操守。当乡村教师在使用数字化教学资源中失去责任伦理的规约与限制,易造成数字化信息茧房行为蔓延,致使数字化教学资源偏离乡土... 详细信息

教育数字化转型进程里,确保乡村教师坚守数字与信息责任伦理,已成为合理运用数字资源提升高质量教学的职业操守。当乡村教师在使用数字化教学资源中失去责任伦理的规约与限制,易造成数字化信息茧房行为蔓延,致使数字化教学资源偏离乡土教情,损害数字化教学资源应用可信生态链。为提升乡村教师合理开发使用数字化教学资源,需要明确数字责任伦理的特定取旨,从强化主体责任伦理意识、紧扣乡村教学实际、恪守求真务实底线向度,纾解“信息茧房”行为泛化隐忧,提升“数实融合”尽责能力水平,夯实“可信尚善”责任行为规范。

关键词：乡村教师数字化教学资源高质量教学数字责任

Out-of-Equilibrium Assembly Based on Host-guest Interactions

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第1期6卷 27-40页

作者： guotai Li Reece w.Lewis Rienk Eelkema School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering University of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdao 266071 Department of Chemical Engineering Delft University of Technology2629 HZ Delft

The field of supramolecular chemistry is rapidly progressing,transitioning from the creation of thermodynamically stable systems found in local or global minima on the free energy landscape to the development of out-of-equilibrium systems that rely on chemical reactions to establish and maintain their *** the past decade,numerous artificial out-of-equilibrium systems have been devised in various domains of supramolecular chemistry,many of which have been extensively ***,one area that has received limited attention thus far is the use of out-of-equilibrium processes to regulate host-guest *** minireview aims to address this gap by exploring the construction of out-ofequilibrium systems based on host-guest complexation,which likely employs similar strategies to those employed in analogous noncovalent *** review begins with a summary of these shared ***,it discusses representative publications that exemplify these strategies and classifies thembased onwhich component is being modulated-host,guest,or competitive *** this examination,our objective is to shed light on the design of out-of-equilibrium systems relying on host-guest interactions and provide valuable insights into the preparation strategies for various transient materials.

关键词： out-of-equilibrium host-guest chemistry self-assembly supramolecular materials chemical fuel

Efficient fidelity estimation: alternative derivation and related applications

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第9期76卷 18-22页

作者： Diego S Starke Marcos L w Basso Jonas Maziero Physics Department Center for Natural and Exact Sciences Federal University of Santa Maria Center for Natural and Human Sciences Federal University of ABC Avenue of the States

In[***.A 107 012427 (2023)],Baldwin and Jones prove that Uhlmann–Jozsa’s fidelity between two quantum statesρandσ,i.e.,■,can be written in a simplified form as ■.In this article,we give an alternative proof of this result,using a function power series expansion and the properties of the trace *** approach not only reinforces the validity of the simplified expression but also facilitates the exploration of novel dissimilarity functions for quantum states and more complex trace functions of density operators.

关键词： Chebyshev polynomials efficient fidelity estimation Rényi entropy Ulhmann-Jozsa fidelity